Science education aims to improve students’ scientific knowledge and skills. For that reason, the science curriculum should be revised in a feasible and dynamic way for higher quality. The purpose of the present study was to investigate primary school teachers’ opinions on the renewed 3rd and 4th grade course science curriculum. 163 3rd grade and 160 4th grade primary school teachers working in public primary schools in Şanlıurfa during spring of 2014-2015 constituted the study group. The study aimed to determine the teachers’ skills, achievements, theme, activity, measuring and assessment items. The research is a descriptive survey study. The data obtained from the 323 primary school teachers were analyzed by using frequencies, percentages and means via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences T-test and Anova were used for parametric variables; Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney-U were used for non-parametric variables. Cronbach alpha internal reliability coefficients of the scale were found to be 0,949. Findings of the study showed that the revised 3rd and 4th grade course science curriculum was adequate and was appropriate for the 3rd and 4th grade students.
EFFECT OF TEACHING APPROACHES IN STEM CAREER ORIENTATION FOR STUDENTS THROUGH...ijejournal
This study investigated the association between teaching approaches in Biology and STEM careeraspiration of upper secondary school students and how to apply in learning and teaching. In this research, we analyzed some teaching approaches in Biology which would actively improve students’ subject interest as well as their STEM career aspiration in upper secondary schools in Hanoi and some Northern provinces
of Vietnam and supposed suggestions for teachers use in their teaching approaches and teaching methods to promote the effectiveness of science-oriented teaching in their lectures. Analysis of science learning in Vietnam in this study highlighted that teaching the ‘applications of science’ and teaching ‘the relevance of study and career’ were measured teaching approaches to consistently and positively associated with upper
secondary school students’ STEM career aspiration, accounting for other teaching approaches. Additionally, in this study, the ‘student-led investigations’ indirectly associated with students’ STEM career aspiration by affecting on affected student’s career awareness and student’s science self-efficacy. However,
the project-based approach had no obvious effect on students’ STEM career aspiration.
Evaluation of topical coverage and study questions of approvedAlexander Decker
This study evaluated the topical coverage and adequacy of study questions in six approved integrated science textbooks used in junior secondary schools in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The researcher assessed how well the textbooks covered the core curriculum content and the sufficiency of study questions provided. A content evaluation tool was used to analyze the textbooks and chi-square tests were conducted. The results showed that textbooks from the STAN series had adequate topic coverage and study questions, while textbooks from the LONGMAN series did not include any study questions. The researcher concluded that while the STAN textbooks were valid based on their content and questions, the LONGMAN textbooks could not be considered adequate in terms of study questions. Recommendations included periodically revising textbooks to
This document outlines Tarisai Mudzatsi's research proposal examining the development of topic specific pedagogical content knowledge (TSPCK) in stoichiometry among three practicing teachers through a lesson study. The purpose is to determine how TSPCK in stoichiometry improves through teacher interactions in a lesson study context and how this newly developed knowledge translates to teaching practice. Poor student performance in physical science, especially topics involving stoichiometry, provides rationale for the research. The proposal includes an introduction, purpose, rationale, literature review, research questions, methodology, data analysis, ethics statement, and references.
This study compared the effectiveness of a guided inquiry-based professional development program versus a traditional teacher-directed approach in improving Saudi students' understanding of density. 107 sixth-grade students were randomly assigned to classes with teachers who received either guided inquiry training or no additional training. Students in guided inquiry classes showed significantly greater gains in conceptual understanding and explanation of density concepts compared to the teacher-directed group.
Nigerian science teachers’ perceptions of effective science teaching and thei...Alexander Decker
This study examined Nigerian science teachers' perceptions of effective science teaching and their actual classroom practices. It found that while teachers believed effective teaching involves more student-centered activities like hands-on work, their actual teaching spent more time on teacher-centered methods like explanation and note-giving. The study also found that teachers felt constrained by large class sizes, lack of materials and labs, and an overloaded curriculum focused on exams over understanding. Recommendations were made to improve teaching practices to better align with perceptions of effective science instruction.
Teaching and Research Quality in Nigerian Public Polytechnics: Evidence from ...NAAR Journal
This paper examined the relationship between teaching and research performance of lecturers in the context of federal polytechnics in North-Eastern Nigeria. A simple random sampling method was used in selecting a total of 320 lecturers and 600 students from the polytechnics. For this study t-Test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and percentage were used to carry out the analysis. Our results show that there is zero or no relationship between been active researcher and been a qualitative teacher. We also suggest that the institution should employ astute researchers as well as passionate teachers in order to satisfy the mission of tertiary institutions and meet societal and industry expectations.
Impact of nce mathematics trainee and graduate teachers onAlexander Decker
This study examined the impact of NCE trainee and graduate mathematics teachers on the achievement of JSSII students in geometry in Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria. 320 students from 8 secondary schools were sampled using random sampling. A pre-test, post-test design was used where intact classes were randomly assigned to trainee and graduate teachers. Students taught by NCE graduate teachers achieved higher in geometry than those taught by trainees. The study also found that female students achieved at the same level as males, regardless of whether they were taught by trainees or graduates. It was recommended that more attention be paid to training NCE trainee teachers and supporting female students in geometry.
EFFECT OF TEACHING APPROACHES IN STEM CAREER ORIENTATION FOR STUDENTS THROUGH...ijejournal
This study investigated the association between teaching approaches in Biology and STEM careeraspiration of upper secondary school students and how to apply in learning and teaching. In this research, we analyzed some teaching approaches in Biology which would actively improve students’ subject interest as well as their STEM career aspiration in upper secondary schools in Hanoi and some Northern provinces
of Vietnam and supposed suggestions for teachers use in their teaching approaches and teaching methods to promote the effectiveness of science-oriented teaching in their lectures. Analysis of science learning in Vietnam in this study highlighted that teaching the ‘applications of science’ and teaching ‘the relevance of study and career’ were measured teaching approaches to consistently and positively associated with upper
secondary school students’ STEM career aspiration, accounting for other teaching approaches. Additionally, in this study, the ‘student-led investigations’ indirectly associated with students’ STEM career aspiration by affecting on affected student’s career awareness and student’s science self-efficacy. However,
the project-based approach had no obvious effect on students’ STEM career aspiration.
Evaluation of topical coverage and study questions of approvedAlexander Decker
This study evaluated the topical coverage and adequacy of study questions in six approved integrated science textbooks used in junior secondary schools in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The researcher assessed how well the textbooks covered the core curriculum content and the sufficiency of study questions provided. A content evaluation tool was used to analyze the textbooks and chi-square tests were conducted. The results showed that textbooks from the STAN series had adequate topic coverage and study questions, while textbooks from the LONGMAN series did not include any study questions. The researcher concluded that while the STAN textbooks were valid based on their content and questions, the LONGMAN textbooks could not be considered adequate in terms of study questions. Recommendations included periodically revising textbooks to
This document outlines Tarisai Mudzatsi's research proposal examining the development of topic specific pedagogical content knowledge (TSPCK) in stoichiometry among three practicing teachers through a lesson study. The purpose is to determine how TSPCK in stoichiometry improves through teacher interactions in a lesson study context and how this newly developed knowledge translates to teaching practice. Poor student performance in physical science, especially topics involving stoichiometry, provides rationale for the research. The proposal includes an introduction, purpose, rationale, literature review, research questions, methodology, data analysis, ethics statement, and references.
This study compared the effectiveness of a guided inquiry-based professional development program versus a traditional teacher-directed approach in improving Saudi students' understanding of density. 107 sixth-grade students were randomly assigned to classes with teachers who received either guided inquiry training or no additional training. Students in guided inquiry classes showed significantly greater gains in conceptual understanding and explanation of density concepts compared to the teacher-directed group.
Nigerian science teachers’ perceptions of effective science teaching and thei...Alexander Decker
This study examined Nigerian science teachers' perceptions of effective science teaching and their actual classroom practices. It found that while teachers believed effective teaching involves more student-centered activities like hands-on work, their actual teaching spent more time on teacher-centered methods like explanation and note-giving. The study also found that teachers felt constrained by large class sizes, lack of materials and labs, and an overloaded curriculum focused on exams over understanding. Recommendations were made to improve teaching practices to better align with perceptions of effective science instruction.
Teaching and Research Quality in Nigerian Public Polytechnics: Evidence from ...NAAR Journal
This paper examined the relationship between teaching and research performance of lecturers in the context of federal polytechnics in North-Eastern Nigeria. A simple random sampling method was used in selecting a total of 320 lecturers and 600 students from the polytechnics. For this study t-Test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and percentage were used to carry out the analysis. Our results show that there is zero or no relationship between been active researcher and been a qualitative teacher. We also suggest that the institution should employ astute researchers as well as passionate teachers in order to satisfy the mission of tertiary institutions and meet societal and industry expectations.
Impact of nce mathematics trainee and graduate teachers onAlexander Decker
This study examined the impact of NCE trainee and graduate mathematics teachers on the achievement of JSSII students in geometry in Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria. 320 students from 8 secondary schools were sampled using random sampling. A pre-test, post-test design was used where intact classes were randomly assigned to trainee and graduate teachers. Students taught by NCE graduate teachers achieved higher in geometry than those taught by trainees. The study also found that female students achieved at the same level as males, regardless of whether they were taught by trainees or graduates. It was recommended that more attention be paid to training NCE trainee teachers and supporting female students in geometry.
Effects of Inquiry-Based Learning Strategies on Chemistry Students’ Conceptio...AJHSSR Journal
The study identified Senior Secondary School II (SS2) students’ misconceptions and determined
the effect of inquiry-based learning strategies: Investigate Discuss (ID), Predict-Discuss-Investigate-Discuss
(PDID) and Teacher Demonstration (TD) on students’ conceptual knowledge at macroscopic, microscopic and
symbolic levels in chemical kinetics and equilibrium. The pre-test post-test quasi experimental control group
design as adopted. 359 SS2 chemistry students were randomly sampled from nine public schools in Lagos
States, Nigeria. The validated Conceptual Knowledge Test (CKT) was easy test, structured to reflect the three
levels of conceptual knowledge was the major instrument for the study. There were operational guides for the
learning strategies which comprised eight practical activities that had same contents but different procedural
steps in their implementations. The mean, simple percentage and bar chat were used in analysing students
responses to pre-test and post-test of CKT. The study identified the students’ misconceptions in chemical
kinetics and equilibrium. The results indicated that the ID followed by the PDID was more effective in
promoting conceptual knowledge of microscopic and symbolic levels in chemical kinetics and equilibrium. The
ID and PDID learning strategies are recommended for chemistry teaching to improve students’ achievement in
conceptual knowledge at microscopic and symbolic levels of content representations in chemistry
The Effect of STEM Project Based Learning on Self-Efficacy among High-School ...Nader Ale Ebrahim
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is increase effectiveness, create meaningful learning and influence student attitudes in future career pursuit. There are several studies in the literature reporting different aspects of STEM into a PjBL pedagogy. However, the effect of implementing STEM PjBL in terms of improving students’ skills in self-efficacy levels in physics mechanics at high school level has not been demonstrated as expected in the previous literature. This study followed a quasi-experimental research method. Bandura’s social cognitive theory is used to assess and compare the effect of STEM PjBL with conventional teaching method on students’ self-efficacy level in learning physics among over 100 high school students. The result illustrated that STEM PjBL improve students’ self-efficacy to solve physics problem. Also, the study proposes a guideline for future research.
COMPETENCY- BASED SCIENCE NAT - VI INTERVENTION PROGRAM: ACTION RESEARCHDeped Tagum City
This document outlines a study on a science competency-based intervention program for 6th grade students at Union Elementary School. It includes an introduction discussing the background and problem statement, as well as the objectives, scope, definitions, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, and recommendations. The study aimed to investigate the effects of the intervention program on students' science test performance. Research showed that students achieved and exceeded the 75% baseline required by the Department of Education on test scores after the program. The intervention program was found to be effective regardless of students' age or gender.
(1) The study examined the impact of concept mapping and multiple exposures on fifth grade students' science vocabulary achievement compared to traditional instruction. (2) The treatment group used semantic mapping and multiple exposures while the comparison group used traditional definition-based instruction. (3) Results showed the treatment group had significantly higher gains from pre-to-posttest and higher knowledge ratings, indicating concept mapping and multiple exposures were more effective for learning vocabulary.
THIYAGU - PERCEPTION TOWARDS RESEARCH AMONG M.ED, SCHOLARS IN TUTICORIN DISTRICTThiyagu K
The main aim of the M.Ed. course is to provide capability of serving community in general and developing research perception and skills among the students in specific these students in future have to promote interest towards research among the M.Ed., students when they take up their jobs as teacher educators. The main theme of the present study is “A study on research perception among M.Ed. scholars”. The main aim of the study is to find out the level of perception towards research among M.Ed. scholars. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has randomly chosen 253 M.Ed., scholar for the study. The findings of the study are (1) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their gender and level of study. (2) There is significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their age. Etc.,
The purpose of this article is to design a consistent research-based learning model and internal relevance on biology learning at Higher Education. The study participants were 88 students of Biology Education Department IAIN Batusangkar who studied Research Method subjects in Biology study, academic year 2016/2017. The method used was educational design research with preliminary stages of research, prototyping stage, and assessment stage. The instruments used were product assessment sheets. Preliminary research findings were analysed by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The mean score of formative evaluation result and mean score of the students’ achievement were analysed by descriptive statistic. Preliminary research results showed that changes should be made toward the biology learning outcomes. The next finding was that there were 9 supporting theories used to design research-based learning models on biology learning. Formative and summative prototype evaluation results were good and had met the criteria of developing the learning model. So, it was concluded that research-based learning model on biology learning had consistency and internal relevance.
Effects of Strategic Intervention Material on the Academic Achievements in Ch...neoyen
Chosen as the Best Thesis for Masters Degree batch 2012
Thesis on Effects of Strategic Intervention Material on the Academic Achievements in Chemistry of Public High School
Does neuro-anatomy award/ prize impact on student performance in the first pr...lukeman Joseph Ade shittu
Concern has been expressed about the motivational impact of neuro-anatomy award/prize in determining the overall student performance in the final professional anatomy examinations by comparing it with the result outcome of a high stake examination like neuro-anatomy incourse examination using the concept of convergent validity. A total of 57 third year medical students with the records of their grades/scores (Mean ± SD) in the various assessments criteria, were analyzed. In this study, the neuro-incourse examination was consistently a high predictor (r = 0.80; P<0.01)><0.01>< 0.01 respectively). However, the neuro-incourse examination tests students’ performance in a relatively difficult module and was found to be consistently correlated and highest when compared with the overall professional examination as a result of student motivation.
Abstract- This study aims to produce learning tools based on guided inquiry models that are feasible to improve the science process skills of elementary school students. This research is a development research, with ADDIE model. The research trial design uses one group pretest-posttest design with quantitative descriptive analysis techniques and qualitative descriptions. The subject of this study is a learning device consisting of a syllabus, learning implementation plan, student worksheets, student teaching materials, tests on learning outcomes of science process skills. The trial was carried out on 40 students of grade five in elementary school. Data collection methods use validation, observation, tests, and filling out the questionnaire. The results of the analysis of the research data show: (1) the device developed is valid; (2) legibility of Student Book and Student Work Sheet at the independent level; (3) learning takes place in either category; (4) students become active in learning; (5) students give positive responses in the excellent category to learning; (6) science process skills show a high category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the guided inquiry-based learning device that has been developed is feasible to improve students' science process skills.
Index Terms- learning tools, guided inquiry, science process skills.
The ACARISS project aims to connect schools with research laboratories to improve science education using innovative teaching methods. An evaluation of the project's effectiveness found that among students who participated: 1) Positive attitudes towards science increased, such as enjoyment of learning science and interest in future science participation. 2) Career decision-making difficulties decreased, particularly inconsistent information. 3) Career decision-making self-efficacy increased, indicating greater confidence in their ability to make decisions. The results suggest the project's teaching approach is successful in promoting interest in science careers.
International Trends in Science Education ResearchBenjamin Debisme
1) The document discusses diversity in research in science education, noting that science education research encompasses a variety of topics from learning and teaching to assessment and equity.
2) Over the past 30 years, different types of research from small-scale studies to large-scale assessment programs have been used, borrowed from other disciplines.
3) The document also examines research on the status of science teaching, the impact of technology on teaching, concerns about scientific literacy, and how science education research can better influence policy and practice.
This study examined the development of science process skills in prospective science teachers at different grade levels. The researchers administered a 12-question science process skills assessment to 102 undergraduate students in their first through fourth years of a science teacher education program. They found that while students were expected to develop stronger science process skills as they progressed through each grade, the results did not show clear linear development. The study aimed to compare science process skills across grade levels and determine if differences existed between grades.
This document outlines an action research project that investigates effective strategies for teaching English language learners to make inferences. The project was conducted by Nicole Ashley Shankula, a teacher at San Diego Christian College, and examines how to help ELL students develop the important critical thinking skill of making inferences. Through a review of literature and data collection in her own classroom, Shankula explores strategies such as activating background knowledge, using graphic organizers, modeling metacognition, and aural work to help ELL students overcome language barriers and comprehend implied meanings in text.
IMPROVING PUPIL'S MASTERY LEVEL IN SCIENCE THROUGH...Criztie Blanco
Cristeta B. Blanco proposes conducting an action research study to improve 4th grade students' mastery of science at Tomas Morato Elementary School in Quezon City, Philippines. Science is one of the lowest achieving subjects and is taught in English, which poses difficulties. Blanco aims to use Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM) and other audiovisual aids during intensive remedial instruction from August to March. The study would assess students' mastery before and after the intervention using SIM pre- and post-tests. If successful, the study could benefit students, teachers, parents, administrators, curriculum planners and future researchers.
Investigating the effect of brain storming strategy in the world islamic scie...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of using brainstorming strategy on student achievement in the "Sport and Health" course at the World Islamic Sciences and Education University. The study involved 68 students divided into an experimental group that was taught using brainstorming strategy (34 students) and a control group taught using traditional methods (34 students). Results showed statistically significant differences in student achievement favoring the experimental group that used brainstorming strategy. The researcher concluded that brainstorming strategy improved student achievement and recommended training faculty to use this strategy, especially for teaching the "Sport and Health" course.
The Application of Bruner’s Learning Theory on Teaching Geometric at Smp Nege...IJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a study on applying Jerome Bruner's learning theory to teach geometry concepts of parallel lines to 8th grade students at a junior high school in Indonesia. The study found that: (1) Students' average test score was 24.64 (out of 30), equivalent to a 77.02% mastery level, considered moderate. (2) 27 of 31 students, or 93.55%, completed the study material mastery requirements. (3) Students' activity and engagement increased over the course of the lessons. The study concluded that applying Bruner's learning theory, with its emphasis on active learning and building new knowledge based on prior knowledge, had a positive impact on students' geometry learning outcomes when teaching the
Seminar Proposal "Penerapan Pendekatan Penemuan Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan...Nasrullah Sulaiman
This document outlines a research study that aims to improve natural science learning outcomes for 3rd grade students at a primary school in Indonesia. It will do so by implementing a guided discovery learning approach. The study will use a classroom action research methodology involving two cycles of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data will be collected through observation, tests and documentation, and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Success will be measured by whether 75% of students achieve a natural science score above the passing threshold, which currently only 65% do. The guided discovery approach is expected to help increase student outcomes by making learning more active, student-centered and linked to real-world examples.
The study of relationship between learning styles and time management among g...Alexander Decker
This study investigated the relationship between learning styles and time management among graduate students. 110 graduate students from various programs and universities participated. The results showed:
1) There was no significant relationship found between students' time management and their learning styles.
2) No significant relationship was found between learning style and time management when considering demographic variables like field of study, age, or gender.
3) Time management skills were better for students in mathematics compared to students in industrial fields.
Faheem, shima mohamed successful use of science process skills nftej v25...William Kritsonis
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
Project-Based Learning has a large positive effect on student academic performance in science education according to a meta-analysis of 48 studies. The meta-analysis found an overall effect size of 1.063 for Project-Based Learning, indicating students receiving PBL performed 86% better than those receiving traditional instruction. Project-Based Learning was found to have large effect sizes across different subject areas, education levels, sample sizes, and study characteristics. The meta-analysis provides strong evidence that Project-Based Learning is an effective approach for science education.
Action research for Strategic Intervention MaterialsKristine Barredo
This document discusses a study that evaluated the effectiveness of using strategic intervention materials to improve 4th grade students' academic performance in science. It found that students who were taught using the strategic materials performed better on pre- and post-tests compared to students taught using traditional methods. The study developed science intervention materials aimed at reteaching least mastered concepts and skills. It assessed 330 4th grade students, with some sections taught traditionally and others using the new materials. Students using the materials showed greater gains in science performance compared to those taught traditionally.
Effects of Inquiry-Based Learning Strategies on Chemistry Students’ Conceptio...AJHSSR Journal
The study identified Senior Secondary School II (SS2) students’ misconceptions and determined
the effect of inquiry-based learning strategies: Investigate Discuss (ID), Predict-Discuss-Investigate-Discuss
(PDID) and Teacher Demonstration (TD) on students’ conceptual knowledge at macroscopic, microscopic and
symbolic levels in chemical kinetics and equilibrium. The pre-test post-test quasi experimental control group
design as adopted. 359 SS2 chemistry students were randomly sampled from nine public schools in Lagos
States, Nigeria. The validated Conceptual Knowledge Test (CKT) was easy test, structured to reflect the three
levels of conceptual knowledge was the major instrument for the study. There were operational guides for the
learning strategies which comprised eight practical activities that had same contents but different procedural
steps in their implementations. The mean, simple percentage and bar chat were used in analysing students
responses to pre-test and post-test of CKT. The study identified the students’ misconceptions in chemical
kinetics and equilibrium. The results indicated that the ID followed by the PDID was more effective in
promoting conceptual knowledge of microscopic and symbolic levels in chemical kinetics and equilibrium. The
ID and PDID learning strategies are recommended for chemistry teaching to improve students’ achievement in
conceptual knowledge at microscopic and symbolic levels of content representations in chemistry
The Effect of STEM Project Based Learning on Self-Efficacy among High-School ...Nader Ale Ebrahim
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is increase effectiveness, create meaningful learning and influence student attitudes in future career pursuit. There are several studies in the literature reporting different aspects of STEM into a PjBL pedagogy. However, the effect of implementing STEM PjBL in terms of improving students’ skills in self-efficacy levels in physics mechanics at high school level has not been demonstrated as expected in the previous literature. This study followed a quasi-experimental research method. Bandura’s social cognitive theory is used to assess and compare the effect of STEM PjBL with conventional teaching method on students’ self-efficacy level in learning physics among over 100 high school students. The result illustrated that STEM PjBL improve students’ self-efficacy to solve physics problem. Also, the study proposes a guideline for future research.
COMPETENCY- BASED SCIENCE NAT - VI INTERVENTION PROGRAM: ACTION RESEARCHDeped Tagum City
This document outlines a study on a science competency-based intervention program for 6th grade students at Union Elementary School. It includes an introduction discussing the background and problem statement, as well as the objectives, scope, definitions, methodology, results and discussion, conclusion, and recommendations. The study aimed to investigate the effects of the intervention program on students' science test performance. Research showed that students achieved and exceeded the 75% baseline required by the Department of Education on test scores after the program. The intervention program was found to be effective regardless of students' age or gender.
(1) The study examined the impact of concept mapping and multiple exposures on fifth grade students' science vocabulary achievement compared to traditional instruction. (2) The treatment group used semantic mapping and multiple exposures while the comparison group used traditional definition-based instruction. (3) Results showed the treatment group had significantly higher gains from pre-to-posttest and higher knowledge ratings, indicating concept mapping and multiple exposures were more effective for learning vocabulary.
THIYAGU - PERCEPTION TOWARDS RESEARCH AMONG M.ED, SCHOLARS IN TUTICORIN DISTRICTThiyagu K
The main aim of the M.Ed. course is to provide capability of serving community in general and developing research perception and skills among the students in specific these students in future have to promote interest towards research among the M.Ed., students when they take up their jobs as teacher educators. The main theme of the present study is “A study on research perception among M.Ed. scholars”. The main aim of the study is to find out the level of perception towards research among M.Ed. scholars. Survey method is employed for this study. The investigator has randomly chosen 253 M.Ed., scholar for the study. The findings of the study are (1) There is no significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their gender and level of study. (2) There is significant difference in the mean scores of perception towards research among the M.Ed., Scholars with respect to their age. Etc.,
The purpose of this article is to design a consistent research-based learning model and internal relevance on biology learning at Higher Education. The study participants were 88 students of Biology Education Department IAIN Batusangkar who studied Research Method subjects in Biology study, academic year 2016/2017. The method used was educational design research with preliminary stages of research, prototyping stage, and assessment stage. The instruments used were product assessment sheets. Preliminary research findings were analysed by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The mean score of formative evaluation result and mean score of the students’ achievement were analysed by descriptive statistic. Preliminary research results showed that changes should be made toward the biology learning outcomes. The next finding was that there were 9 supporting theories used to design research-based learning models on biology learning. Formative and summative prototype evaluation results were good and had met the criteria of developing the learning model. So, it was concluded that research-based learning model on biology learning had consistency and internal relevance.
Effects of Strategic Intervention Material on the Academic Achievements in Ch...neoyen
Chosen as the Best Thesis for Masters Degree batch 2012
Thesis on Effects of Strategic Intervention Material on the Academic Achievements in Chemistry of Public High School
Does neuro-anatomy award/ prize impact on student performance in the first pr...lukeman Joseph Ade shittu
Concern has been expressed about the motivational impact of neuro-anatomy award/prize in determining the overall student performance in the final professional anatomy examinations by comparing it with the result outcome of a high stake examination like neuro-anatomy incourse examination using the concept of convergent validity. A total of 57 third year medical students with the records of their grades/scores (Mean ± SD) in the various assessments criteria, were analyzed. In this study, the neuro-incourse examination was consistently a high predictor (r = 0.80; P<0.01)><0.01>< 0.01 respectively). However, the neuro-incourse examination tests students’ performance in a relatively difficult module and was found to be consistently correlated and highest when compared with the overall professional examination as a result of student motivation.
Abstract- This study aims to produce learning tools based on guided inquiry models that are feasible to improve the science process skills of elementary school students. This research is a development research, with ADDIE model. The research trial design uses one group pretest-posttest design with quantitative descriptive analysis techniques and qualitative descriptions. The subject of this study is a learning device consisting of a syllabus, learning implementation plan, student worksheets, student teaching materials, tests on learning outcomes of science process skills. The trial was carried out on 40 students of grade five in elementary school. Data collection methods use validation, observation, tests, and filling out the questionnaire. The results of the analysis of the research data show: (1) the device developed is valid; (2) legibility of Student Book and Student Work Sheet at the independent level; (3) learning takes place in either category; (4) students become active in learning; (5) students give positive responses in the excellent category to learning; (6) science process skills show a high category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the guided inquiry-based learning device that has been developed is feasible to improve students' science process skills.
Index Terms- learning tools, guided inquiry, science process skills.
The ACARISS project aims to connect schools with research laboratories to improve science education using innovative teaching methods. An evaluation of the project's effectiveness found that among students who participated: 1) Positive attitudes towards science increased, such as enjoyment of learning science and interest in future science participation. 2) Career decision-making difficulties decreased, particularly inconsistent information. 3) Career decision-making self-efficacy increased, indicating greater confidence in their ability to make decisions. The results suggest the project's teaching approach is successful in promoting interest in science careers.
International Trends in Science Education ResearchBenjamin Debisme
1) The document discusses diversity in research in science education, noting that science education research encompasses a variety of topics from learning and teaching to assessment and equity.
2) Over the past 30 years, different types of research from small-scale studies to large-scale assessment programs have been used, borrowed from other disciplines.
3) The document also examines research on the status of science teaching, the impact of technology on teaching, concerns about scientific literacy, and how science education research can better influence policy and practice.
This study examined the development of science process skills in prospective science teachers at different grade levels. The researchers administered a 12-question science process skills assessment to 102 undergraduate students in their first through fourth years of a science teacher education program. They found that while students were expected to develop stronger science process skills as they progressed through each grade, the results did not show clear linear development. The study aimed to compare science process skills across grade levels and determine if differences existed between grades.
This document outlines an action research project that investigates effective strategies for teaching English language learners to make inferences. The project was conducted by Nicole Ashley Shankula, a teacher at San Diego Christian College, and examines how to help ELL students develop the important critical thinking skill of making inferences. Through a review of literature and data collection in her own classroom, Shankula explores strategies such as activating background knowledge, using graphic organizers, modeling metacognition, and aural work to help ELL students overcome language barriers and comprehend implied meanings in text.
IMPROVING PUPIL'S MASTERY LEVEL IN SCIENCE THROUGH...Criztie Blanco
Cristeta B. Blanco proposes conducting an action research study to improve 4th grade students' mastery of science at Tomas Morato Elementary School in Quezon City, Philippines. Science is one of the lowest achieving subjects and is taught in English, which poses difficulties. Blanco aims to use Strategic Intervention Materials (SIM) and other audiovisual aids during intensive remedial instruction from August to March. The study would assess students' mastery before and after the intervention using SIM pre- and post-tests. If successful, the study could benefit students, teachers, parents, administrators, curriculum planners and future researchers.
Investigating the effect of brain storming strategy in the world islamic scie...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of using brainstorming strategy on student achievement in the "Sport and Health" course at the World Islamic Sciences and Education University. The study involved 68 students divided into an experimental group that was taught using brainstorming strategy (34 students) and a control group taught using traditional methods (34 students). Results showed statistically significant differences in student achievement favoring the experimental group that used brainstorming strategy. The researcher concluded that brainstorming strategy improved student achievement and recommended training faculty to use this strategy, especially for teaching the "Sport and Health" course.
The Application of Bruner’s Learning Theory on Teaching Geometric at Smp Nege...IJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a study on applying Jerome Bruner's learning theory to teach geometry concepts of parallel lines to 8th grade students at a junior high school in Indonesia. The study found that: (1) Students' average test score was 24.64 (out of 30), equivalent to a 77.02% mastery level, considered moderate. (2) 27 of 31 students, or 93.55%, completed the study material mastery requirements. (3) Students' activity and engagement increased over the course of the lessons. The study concluded that applying Bruner's learning theory, with its emphasis on active learning and building new knowledge based on prior knowledge, had a positive impact on students' geometry learning outcomes when teaching the
Seminar Proposal "Penerapan Pendekatan Penemuan Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan...Nasrullah Sulaiman
This document outlines a research study that aims to improve natural science learning outcomes for 3rd grade students at a primary school in Indonesia. It will do so by implementing a guided discovery learning approach. The study will use a classroom action research methodology involving two cycles of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data will be collected through observation, tests and documentation, and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Success will be measured by whether 75% of students achieve a natural science score above the passing threshold, which currently only 65% do. The guided discovery approach is expected to help increase student outcomes by making learning more active, student-centered and linked to real-world examples.
The study of relationship between learning styles and time management among g...Alexander Decker
This study investigated the relationship between learning styles and time management among graduate students. 110 graduate students from various programs and universities participated. The results showed:
1) There was no significant relationship found between students' time management and their learning styles.
2) No significant relationship was found between learning style and time management when considering demographic variables like field of study, age, or gender.
3) Time management skills were better for students in mathematics compared to students in industrial fields.
Faheem, shima mohamed successful use of science process skills nftej v25...William Kritsonis
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. Kritsonis has served as an elementary school teacher, elementary and middle school principal, superintendent of schools, director of student teaching and field experiences, professor, author, consultant, and journal editor. Dr. Kritsonis has considerable experience in chairing PhD dissertations and master thesis and has supervised practicums for teacher candidates, curriculum supervisors, central office personnel, principals, and superintendents. He also has experience in teaching in doctoral and masters programs in elementary and secondary education as well as educational leadership and supervision. He has earned the rank as professor at three universities in two states, including successful post-tenure reviews.
Project-Based Learning has a large positive effect on student academic performance in science education according to a meta-analysis of 48 studies. The meta-analysis found an overall effect size of 1.063 for Project-Based Learning, indicating students receiving PBL performed 86% better than those receiving traditional instruction. Project-Based Learning was found to have large effect sizes across different subject areas, education levels, sample sizes, and study characteristics. The meta-analysis provides strong evidence that Project-Based Learning is an effective approach for science education.
Action research for Strategic Intervention MaterialsKristine Barredo
This document discusses a study that evaluated the effectiveness of using strategic intervention materials to improve 4th grade students' academic performance in science. It found that students who were taught using the strategic materials performed better on pre- and post-tests compared to students taught using traditional methods. The study developed science intervention materials aimed at reteaching least mastered concepts and skills. It assessed 330 4th grade students, with some sections taught traditionally and others using the new materials. Students using the materials showed greater gains in science performance compared to those taught traditionally.
One of the most important elements involved in the development of countries is teachers. Therefore, developing countries should pay attention to training good teachers. Thus, the purpose of this study was to present the opinions of teachers and prospective teachers on the “teaching experience” course. The study is based on a qualitative research. The data were collected from 84 teachers in Şanlıurfa, an eastern city of Turkey and 88 prospective teachers (undergraduate seniors) studying at Mersin University, Turkey. Semi-structured interview form was utilized to collect the required data. Besides, content analysis was applied in the study. The data have been expressed in numbers. Results have displayed that there are problems arising from the stakeholders in the “teaching experience” lesson. The types of schools attending internships are not inclusive. Not all stakeholders are working cooperatively. Moreover, the following suggestions were accordingly put forward: 1) The internship duration can be extended; 2) Applications covering all types of schools should be added; and 3) Stakeholders should be encouraged to work in a collaborative way.
Third grade elementary students were asked to describe what science is in order to understand their conceptual understanding of science. Their responses were analyzed and coded, resulting in 46 codes that were grouped into 7 themes. The most commonly used codes by students fell under the theme of "scientific process". This suggests that students primarily view science as involving processes like experimentation, research, and problem solving. The findings provide insights that can help improve the teaching of science at the elementary level.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, learning facilities and the teaching quality of teachers in the Ulul Albab Tahfiz Model (TMUA) schools in Malaysia. The data were collected using a set of questionnaires which probed on the respondents’ demographic information as well as on their pedagogical knowledge, learning facilities and teaching quality. The respondents comprised of 144 teachers from three schools involved in TMUA program. The data obtained were processed and analysed through the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results show that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, educational facilities and the quality of teaching. The implication of this study is that teachers are aware of the importance of pedagogical knowledge in improving teaching quality when implementing the TMUA program.
No nation whether developed or developing countries can rise above the level of its education without giving adequate consideration for its Human and Material resources in terms of curriculum to be used. One of the Basic qualities of a curriculum is dynamism. This implies that a good curriculum is never static rather it changes along with changes in societal needs and aspirations, political and economic factors. For example in Nigeria the educational system has witnessed some changes in Content, Context and Structure (9-3-4 educational systems). Like most of the countries in the world, the changes have come as result of the growing awareness of the need to develop technologically, socially, and economically.
School effectiveness-and-improvement-contribution-of-teacher-qualification-to...oircjournals
School examination results the world over are arguably the most important measure of perceived success or failure
of a candidate. It has been pointed out by the Nyanza Provincial Education Board that the province’s performance in
examinations and the quality of education in general is unsatisfactory and inadequate. The paper sought to determine
the contribution of teacher qualification to students’ scores. The study adopted the Theory of Organisational Climate
which defines organisational climate as the human environment within which an organization’s employees do their
work. A case study and survey design was used. Purposive sampling was used to identify the four schools under study
and form three students. Simple random sampling was used to select the respondents of the study. Data was analyzed
using both qualitative and quantitative using descriptive statistics in particular percentages and means. The study
found that teachers’ qualifications affect teaching ability while knowledge of teachers’ subject was among the major
teacher factors contributing to students’ academic achievements.
Practicality and Effectiveness of Student’ Worksheets Based on Ethno science ...IJAEMSJORNAL
Generally, the learning process in classes still used worksheets that does not link the matter and instructional topics with local knowledge of local area. Though it is able to increase the students' conceptual understanding of the specific physics topics. This study aimed to analyze the practicality and effectiveness student’ worksheet based on Ethno science in improving student understanding of rigid body’ concept. The study used a quasi-experimental with pretest-post test control group design. The sample was students’ senior high school in Lampung’ province, Indonesia. The sampling technique used simple random sampling technique. Data were obtain through the questionnaire, responses of teachers and students, and test of learning outcome in multiple choice questions reasoned type. Data were analyzed by percentage, N-gain, and effect size. The results showed that student worksheet based on Ethno science was practically using in learning and effective in improving conceptual understanding which is indicated by the differences in test results between the control and the experimental class.
Utilization of Instructional Materials and Academic Performance of Senior Sec...ijtsrd
The study assesses the level of the availability and utilization of instructional materials for teaching chemistry in Oji River Local Government Area of Enugu State. A survey research approach was used in this study. The target population was 114 pupils from three selected senior secondary schools in Oji River Local Government Area of Enugu State. The study employed one sample t test to test the hypotheses. This study found that instructional materials affect academic performance of chemistry students in senior secondary schools. Another finding was that teachers utilized the available instructional materials in teaching chemistry in senior secondary schools. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended among others that chemistry teacher training should be revised to provide a greater emphasis on knowledge and abilities linked to emerging technologies, such as the use of visual and audio visual instructional resources in chemistry classrooms. Chikendu, Rebecca E. "Utilization of Instructional Materials and Academic Performance of Senior Secondary School Students in Chemistry in Enugu State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49840.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49840/utilization-of-instructional-materials-and-academic-performance-of-senior-secondary-school-students-in-chemistry-in-enugu-state/chikendu-rebecca-e
The document discusses curriculum development and assessment approaches. It notes that curriculum has four dimensions: aims, content, organization of learning activities, and evaluation. Previously, Turkey took a behaviorist approach but now uses a cognitive approach. This has impacted teaching methods, assessment, and the evaluation component of curricula. The document also discusses different types of assessment (diagnostic, formative, summative) and notes that performance assessment is important but teachers face difficulties in preparing and implementing performance tasks. The study aimed to determine these difficulties by interviewing and observing teachers. It found teachers struggle with determining appropriate topics and criteria for tasks, and lack knowledge in preparing rubrics. They also face issues with implementation like classroom size, time, resources,
Searching for the relationship between secondary schools students' motivation...inventionjournals
This study aims to search students' science learning motivation in relation with some variables (such as having a separate study room at home and a personal computer) and the effect of motivational factors on students' science achievement. In the study, descriptive corelational survey model has been used to examine students' motivation in relation with some variables and to search the relationship between students' science learning motivation and their TEOG exam scores. The sample of the study consisted of 232 8th grade students attending 3 state secondary schools in Kahramanmaraş during 2013-2014 academic year. Students' motivation level has been determined by administering SMTSL. Students' average scores of the TEOG exam have been considered as their science achievement. The findings show that female students’ motivation level is higher than the male students. In addition, it has been observed that female students’ motivation is higher in sub-categories of active learning strategies, science learning value and achievement goal. There is a direct relationship between the students’ motivation and their TEOG scores. This shows that students with higher levels of motivation have higher success in TEOG.
This study investigated the teaching materials used in social studies lessons in Turkey. A survey was administered to 160 social studies teachers to examine how various teacher characteristics influence their use of printed materials, audiovisual materials, and experience-giving teaching methods. The results showed that female teachers and teachers who received in-service training used printed materials and experience-giving methods significantly more than other groups. Teachers with 16 or more years of experience also used printed materials and experience-giving methods significantly more. Having sufficient teaching materials at school also positively influenced material usage. No significant relationships were found between material usage and a teacher's personal computer access or interest in technology.
The document discusses a study that evaluated the effectiveness of inquiry-based science education (IBSE) modules implemented in primary education classrooms in Romania. Teachers adapted IBSE modules developed through a European project and administered them to 194 primary students. Student feedback questionnaires found that IBSE lessons were more enjoyable for students compared to typical science lessons, with 95% finding the IBSE activities at least enjoyable versus 83% for regular lessons. However, 45% of students saw no difference between the two types of lessons in terms of factors like topic understanding. The results suggest IBSE can increase student enjoyment of science lessons when adapted for primary grades.
An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Students Views On Homework And ...Christina Bauer
This study examines the relationship between students' views on homework and their learning styles. The study surveyed 443 students from the Primary School Classroom Teaching Department at Cukurova University. Students completed surveys on their homework attitudes, purposes of homework, homework management, and learning styles. The results showed that most students had either an assimilating or converging learning style. Students with a converging style had more positive views of homework and were more likely to complete homework on time. Those with a diverging style were more likely to come to class without homework. The study aims to provide insights into matching homework to students' learning styles.
Influence of Pre-Service Teachers’ Subject Specialization on their Skills of ...BabayemiJohnOlakunle1
This study examined the influence of pre-service teachers’ subject specialization on their skills for improvisation and management of resources using survey research of expost-facto type. The sample comprised 150 N.C.E pre-service teachers randomly selected from 50 secondary schools in Oyo State. The instruments used were Questionnaire on Assessing Pre-service Teachers’: Skills of Improvisation (r = 0.73); Management of Resources (r = 0.70). Two research questions were raised. The data collected were analyzed using mean, ANOVA and t-test. The result showed that subject specialization had no influence on pre-service teachers’ skills for improvisation and management of resources (F=0.953; P>.05; F=2.536; P>.05).These findings have significant implications for Science teachers and curriculum planners.
Exploring Teachers Practices of Classroom Assessment in Secondary Science Cla...Md. Mehadi Rahman
The study investigates teachers’ classroom assessment practices of secondary schools in Bangladesh. The study is mainly quantitative with some integration of qualitative approach. Secondary science teachers and their science classrooms were main data source of the study, which were selected randomly. Data sources were secondary science teachers and their science classrooms. The study used a lesson observation protocol to understand their classroom assessment practice, and pre-lesson and post-lesson observation interview protocols as main sources of data collection. Qualitative data from interview were used to triangulate the quantitative data from observation. A total of thirty teachers (twenty male and ten female) were chosen randomly from six secondary schools in Dhaka. The study explored that teachers’ current practice of classroom assessment was to only assess students learning achievement and they followed traditional methods to assess students. The dominated assessment activity was oral questioning and very few students take part in the assessment activities by answering the questions. The classroom questions are basically focused very specific responses and encouraged rote learning; even students’ didn’t get enough time for thinking and answering the questions. Therefore the study suggests changing current practices by using different assessment strategies like self and peer assessment and focus on assessment for learning to ensure effective teaching-learning and quality education. These findings can inform the classroom teachers as well as o relevant stakeholders in making necessary changes in the present classroom assessment practices in Bangladesh.
Implementing assessment of inquiry skills in science educationSails-project
Poster: Implemening assessment of inquiry skills in science education. Perspectives from Denmark by Morten Rask Petersen. Laboratory for Coherent Education and Learning, University of Southern Denmark
In the context of the SAILS project
http://www.sails-project.eu/
Influence of qualification of secondary school science teachers on their perc...Alexander Decker
Qualified secondary school science teachers had a more positive perception of self-efficacy than non-qualified teachers across all seven subscales measured. Statistical analysis found significant differences in mean perceptions between the two groups in efficacy to influence decision making, school resources, instructional practices, discipline, parental involvement, community involvement, and creating a positive school climate. The results suggest that a teacher's qualification level influences their perception of capabilities to perform various teaching tasks.
Similar to Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey (20)
Evaluation of Agro-morphological Performances of Hybrid Varieties of Chili Pe...Premier Publishers
In Benin, chilli pepper is a widely consumed as vegetable whose production requires the use of performant varieties. This work assessed, at Parakou and Malanville, the performance of six F1 hybrids of chilli including five imported (Laali, Laser, Nandi, Kranti, Nandita) and one local (De cayenne), in completely randomized block design at four replications and 15 plants per elementary plot. Agro-morphological data were collected and submitted to analysis of variance and factor analysis of mixed data. The results showed the effects of variety, location and their interactions were highly significant for most of the growth, earliness and yield traits. Imported hybrid varieties showed the best performances compared to the local one. Multivariate analysis revealed that 'De cayenne' was earlier, short in size, thin-stemmed, red fruits and less yielding (≈ 1 t.ha-1). The imported hybrids LaaliF1 and KrantiF1 were of strong vegetative vigor, more yielding (> 6 t.ha-1) by developing larger, long and hard fruits. Other hybrids showed intermediate performances. This study highlighted the importance of imported hybrids in improving yield and preservation of chili fruits. However, stability and adaptation analyses to local conditions are necessary for their adoption.
An Empirical Approach for the Variation in Capital Market Price Changes Premier Publishers
The chances of an investor in the stock market depends mainly on some certain decisions in respect to equilibrium prices, which is the condition of a system competing favorably and effectively. This paper considered a stochastic model which was latter transformed to non-linear ordinary differential equation where stock volatility was used as a key parameter. The analytical solution was obtained which determined the equilibrium prices. A theorem was developed and proved to show that the proposed mathematical model follows a normal distribution since it has a symmetric property. Finally, graphical results were presented and the effects of the relevant parameters were discussed.
Influence of Nitrogen and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Chia (Salvia hispani...Premier Publishers
Chia is an emerging cash crop in Kenya and its production is inhibited by lack of agronomic management information. A field experiment was conducted in February-June and May-August 2021, to determine the influence of nitrogen and spacing on growth and yield of Chia. A randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement was used with four nitrogen rates as the main plots (0, 40, 80, 120 kg N ha-1) and three spacing (30 cm x 15 cm (s1), 30 cm x 30 cm (s2), 50 cm x 50 cm (s3)). Application of 120 kg N ha-1 significantly increased (p≤0.05) vegetative growth and seed yield of Chia. Stem height, branches, stem diameter and leaves increased by 23-28%, 11-13%, 43-55% and 59-88% respectively. Spacing s3 significantly increased (p≤0.05) vegetative growth. An increase of 27-74%, 36-45% and 73-107% was recorded in number of leaves, stem diameter and dry weight, respectively. Chia yield per plant was significantly higher (p≤0.05) in s3. However, when expressed per unit area, s1 significantly produced higher yields. The study recommends 120 kg N ha-1 or higher nitrogen rates and a closer spacing of 15 cm x 30 cm as the best option for Chia production in Kenya.
Enhancing Social Capital During the Pandemic: A Case of the Rural Women in Bu...Premier Publishers
The document discusses a case study of enhancing social capital among rural women in Bukidnon Province, Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic through a livelihood project. Key findings include:
1) Technical trainings provided by the project increased the women's knowledge, allowing them to generate additional household income through vegetable gardening during the pandemic.
2) The women's social capital, as measured by groups/networks, trust, and cooperation, increased by 15.5% from 2019 to 2020 through increased participation in their association.
3) Main occupations, income sources, and ethnicity influenced the women's social capital. The project enhanced social ties that empowered the rural women economically and socially despite challenges of the pandemic.
Impact of Provision of Litigation Supports through Forensic Investigations on...Premier Publishers
This paper presents an argument through the fraud triangle theory that the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations in relation to corporate fraud cases is adequate for effective prosecution of perpetrators as well as corporate fraud prevention. To support this argument, this study operationalized provision of litigation supports through forensic audit and investigations, data mining for trends and patterns, and fraud data collection and preparation. A sample of 500 respondents was drawn from the population of professional accountants and legal practitioners in Nigeria. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and this was mailed to the respective respondents. Resulting responses were analyzed using the OLS multiple regression techniques via the SPSS statistical software. The results reveal that the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations, fraud data mining for trends and patterns and fraud data collection and preparation for court proceedings have a positive and significant impact on corporate fraud prevention in Nigeria. This study therefore recommends that regulators should promote the provision of litigation supports through forensic audits and investigations in relation to corporate fraud cases in publicly listed firms in Nigeria, as this will help provide reports that are acceptable in court proceedings.
Improving the Efficiency of Ratio Estimators by Calibration WeightingsPremier Publishers
It is observed that the performances of most improved ratio estimators depend on some optimality conditions that need to be satisfied to guarantee better estimator. This paper develops a new approach to ratio estimation that produces a more efficient class of ratio estimators that do not depend on any optimality conditions for optimum performance using calibration weightings. The relative performances of the proposed calibration ratio estimators are compared with a corresponding global [Generalized Regression (GREG)] estimator. Results of analysis showed that the proposed calibration ratio estimators are substantially superior to the traditional GREG-estimator with relatively small bias, mean square error, average length of confidence interval and coverage probability. In general, the proposed calibration ratio estimators are more efficient than all existing estimators considered in the study.
Urban Liveability in the Context of Sustainable Development: A Perspective fr...Premier Publishers
Urbanization and quality of urban life are mutually related and however it varies geographically and regionally. With unprecedented growth of urban centres, challenge against urban development is more in terms of how to enhance quality of urban life and liveability. Making sense of and measuring urban liveability of urban places has become a crucial step in the context of sustainable development paradigm. Geographical regions depict variations in nature of urban development and consequently level of urban liveability. The coastal regain of West Bengal faces unusual challenges caused by increasing urbanization, uncontrolled growth, and expansion of economic activities like tourism and changing environmental quality. The present study offers a perspective on urban liveability of urban places located in coastal region comprising of Purba Medinipur and South 24 Parganas districts. The study uses the liveability standards covering four major pillars- institutional, social, economic and physical and their indicators. This leads to develop a City Liveability Index to rank urban places of the region, higher the index values better the urban liveability. The data for the purpose is collected from various secondary sources. Study finds that the eastern coastal region of the country covering state of West Bengal depicts variations in index of liveability determined by physical, economic, social and institutional indicators.
Transcript Level of Genes Involved in “Rebaudioside A” Biosynthesis Pathway u...Premier Publishers
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a plant which has recently been used widely as a sweetener. This medicinal plant has some components such as diterpenoid glycosides called steviol glycosides [SGs]. Rebaudioside A is a diterpenoid steviol glycoside which is 300 times sweeter than table sugar. This study was done to investigate the effect of GA3 (50 mg/L) on the expression of 14 genes involved in Rebaudioside A biosynthesis pathway in Stevia rebaudiana under in vitro conditions. The expression of DXS remarkably decreased by day 3. Also, probably because of the negative feedback of GA3 on MEP-drived isoprenes, GGDS transcript level reached its lowest amount after GA3 treatment. The abundance of DXR, CMS, CMK, MCS, and CDPS transcripts showed a significant increase at various days after this treatment. A significant drop in the expression levels of KS and UGT85C2 is detected during the first day. However, expression changes of HDR and KD were not remarkable. Results revealed that the level of transcript of UGT74G1 and UGT76G1 up regulated significantly 4 and 2 times higher than control, respectively. However, more research needs to shed more light on the mechanism of GA3 on gene expression of MEP pathway.
Multivariate Analysis of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Clones on Mor...Premier Publishers
Information on genetic variability for biochemical characters is a prerequisite for improvement of tea quality. Thirteen introduced tea clones characterized with objective; assessing tea clones based on morphological characters at Melko and Gera research stations. The study was conducted during 2017/18 cropping season on experimental plots in RCBD with three replications. Data recorded on morphological traits like days from pruning to harvest, height to first branch, stem diameter, leaf serration density, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size, petiole length, leaf ratio, internode length, shoot length, number of shoot, canopy diameter, hundred shoot weight, fresh leaf yield per tree. Cluster analysis of morphological trait grouped into four clusters indicated, the existence of divergence among the tested clones. The maximum inter-cluster distance was between clusters I and IV (35.27) while the minimum inter cluster distance was observed between clusters I and II (7.8).Principal components analysis showed that the first five principal components with eigenvalues greater than one accounted 86.45% for 15 morphological traits. Generally, the study indicated presence of variability for several morphological traits. However, high morphological variation between clones is not a guarantee for a high genetic variation; therefore, molecular studies need to be considered as complementary to biochemical studies.
Causes, Consequences and Remedies of Juvenile Delinquency in the Context of S...Premier Publishers
This research work was designed to examine nature of juvenile offences committed by juveniles, causes of juvenile delinquency, consequences of juvenile delinquency and remedies for juvenile delinquency in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa with specific reference to Eritrea. Left unchecked, juvenile delinquents on the streets engage in petty theft, take alcohol or drugs, rape women, rob people at night involve themselves in criminal gangs and threaten the public at night. To shed light on the problem of juvenile delinquency in the Sub-Saharan region data was collected through primary and secondary sources. A sample size of 70 juvenile delinquents was selected from among 112 juvenile delinquents in remand at the Asmara Juvenile Rehabilitation Center in the Eritrean capital. The study was carried out through coded self-administered questionnaires administered to a sample of 70 juvenile delinquents. The survey evidence indicates that the majority of the juvenile respondents come either from families constructed by unmarried couples or separated or divorced parents where largely the father is missing in the home or dead. The findings also indicate that children born out of wedlock, families led by single mothers, lack of fatherly role models, poor parental-child relationships and negative peer group influence as dominant causes of juvenile infractions. The implication is that broken and stressed families are highly likely to be the breeding grounds for juvenile delinquency. The survey evidence indicates that stealing, truancy or absenteeism from school, rowdy or unruly behavior at school, free-riding in public transportation, damaging the book of fellow students and beating other young persons are the most common forms of juvenile offenses. It is therefore, recommended that parents and guardians should exercise proper parental supervision and give adequate care to transmit positive societal values to children. In addition, the government, the police, prosecution and courts, non-government organizations, parents, teachers, religious leaders, education administrators and other stakeholders should develop a child justice system that strives to prevent children from entering deeper into the criminal justice process.
The Knowledge of and Attitude to and Beliefs about Causes and Treatments of M...Premier Publishers
Stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness are a common occurrence in the Sub-Saharan region including Eritrea. Numerous studies from Sub-Saharan Africa suggest that stigma and discrimination are major problems in the community, with negative attitudes and behavior towards people with mental illness being widespread. In order to assess the whether such negative attitudes persist in the context of Eritrea this study explored the knowledge and perceptions of 90 Eritrean university students at the College of Business and Economics, the University of Asmara regarding the causes and remedies of mental illness A qualitative method involving coded self-administered questionnaires administered to a sample of 90 university students to collecting data at the end of 2019. The survey evidence points that almost 50% of the respondents had contact with a mentally ill person suggesting that the significant number of the respondents experienced a first-hand encounter and knowledge of mental illness in their family and community. The findings show an overall greater science-based understanding of the causes of mental illness to be followed by recommended psychiatric treatments. The survey evidence indicates that the top three leading causes of mental illness in the context of Eritrea according to the respondents are brain disease (76%), bad events in the life of the mentally ill person (66%) and substance abuse or alcohol taking, smoking, taking drugs like hashish. (54%). The majority of the respondents have a very sympathetic and positive outlook towards mentally ill persons suggesting that mentally illness does not simply affect a chosen individual rather it can happen to anybody regardless of economic class, social status, ethnicity race and religion. Medical interventions cited by the majority of the respondents as being effective treatments for mental illness centered on the idea that hospitals and clinics for treatment and even cures for psychiatric disease. Changing perceptions of mental illnesses in Eritrea that paralleled the very caring and sympathetic attitudes of the sample university students would require raising public awareness regarding mental illness through education, using the mass media to raise public awareness, integrating mental health into the primary health care system, decentralizing mental health care services to increase access to treatment and providing affordable service to maintain positive treatment outcomes.
Effect of Phosphorus and Zinc on the Growth, Nodulation and Yield of Soybean ...Premier Publishers
This study investigated the effects of phosphorus and zinc on the growth, nodulation, and yield of two soybean varieties in Nigeria. Phosphorus application significantly affected growth, nodulation, yield, and some yield components, with 60 kg P2O5/ha giving the highest growth and yield. Phosphorus also increased nodulation, with 30 kg P2O5/ha providing the highest nodulation. Zinc application did not significantly affect most growth characters or nodulation, except for reducing plant height. Phosphorus increased soybean yield significantly to 1.9 t/ha compared to the control of 1.7 t/ha. Protein and oil contents were not significantly affected by phosphorus but were by zinc
Influence of Harvest Stage on Yield and Yield Components of Orange Fleshed Sw...Premier Publishers
A field experiment was conducted at Adami Tullu Agricultural Research Center in 2018 under rainfed condition with supplementary irrigation to determine the influence of harvest stage on vine yield and tuberous root yield of orange fleshed sweet potato varieties. The experiment consisted of four harvest stages (105, 120, 135 and 150 days after planting) and Kulfo, Tulla and Guntute varieties. A 4 X 3 factorial experiment arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Interaction of harvest stage and variety significantly influenced above ground fresh biomass, vine length, marketable tuberous root weight per hectare, commercial harvest index and harvest index. The highest mean values of above ground fresh biomass (66.12 t/ha) and marketable tuberous root weight (56.39 t/ha) were produced by Guntute variety harvested at 135 days after planting. Based on the results, it can be recommended that, farmers of the study area can grow Guntute variety by harvesting at 135 days after planting to obtain optimum vine and tuberous root yields.
Performance evaluation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and variability study...Premier Publishers
This study evaluated 13 upland rice varieties over two locations in Ethiopia for yield and other traits. Significant differences were found among varieties for several traits. The highest yielding varieties were Chewaka, Hiddassie, and Fogera 1. Chewaka yielded 5395.8 kg/ha on average, 25.8-35% more than the check. Most varieties matured within 120-130 days. High heritability was found for days to heading, panicle length, and grain yield, indicating these traits can be easily improved through selection. Grain yield also had high genetic variation and heritability with genetic advance, suggesting yield can be improved through selection. This study identified variability that can be used
Response of Hot Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) to Deficit Irrigation in Bennatse...Premier Publishers
This study was conducted at Enchete kebele in Benna-Tsemay Woreda, South Omo Zone to evaluate the response of hot pepper to deficit irrigation on yield and water productivity under furrow irrigation system. The experiment comprised four treatments (100 % of ETc, 85% of ETc, 70 % of ETc and 50% of ETc), respectively. The experiment was laid out in RCBD and replicated four times. The two years combined yield results indicated that, the maximum total yield (20.38 t/ha) was obtained from 100% ETc while minimum yield (12.92 t/ha) was obtained from 50% of ETc deficit irrigation level. The highest WUE 5.22 kg/ha mm-1 was obtained from 50% of ETc. Treatment of 100% ETc irrigation application had highest benefit cost ratio (4.5) than all others treatments. Applying 50% of ETc reduce the yield by 37% when compared to 100 % ETc. Accordingly, to achieve maximum hot pepper yield in areas where water is not scarce, applying 100% ETc irrigation water application level throughout whole growing season under furrow irrigation system is recommended. But, in the study area water scarcity is the major limiting factor for crop production. So, it is possible to get better yield and water productivity of hot pepper when we apply 85% ETc irrigation water throughout growing season under furrow irrigation system.
Harnessing the Power of Agricultural Waste: A Study of Sabo Market, Ikorodu, ...Premier Publishers
Nigeria is still burdened with huge responsibilities of waste disposal because the potential for benefits of proper waste management is yet to be harnessed. The paper evaluates the capacity of the Sabo Cattle market in producing the required quantities of waste from animal dung alongside decomposed fruits with a view to generating renewable energy possibilities for lighting, security and other business activities of the market. It is estimated that about 998 million tons of agricultural waste is produced yearly in the country with organic wastes amounting to 80 percent of the total solid wastes. This can be categorized into biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes. The paper evaluates the capacity of the Sabo Cattle market in producing the required quantities of waste from animal dung alongside decomposed fruits with a view to generating renewable energy possibilities for lighting, security and other business activities of the market. The Sabo market was treated as a study case with the adoption of in-depth examinations of the facility, animals and products for sale and waste generated. A combination of experimental, interviews (qualitative) and design simulation (for final phase) was adopted to extract, verify and analyse the data generated from the study. Animal waste samples were subjected to compositional and fibre analysis with results showing that the sample has high potency for biogas production. Biodegradable Wastes are human and animal excreta, agricultural and all degradable wastes. Availability of high quantity of waste generated being organic in Sabo market allows the use of anaerobic digestion to be proposed as a waste to energy technology due to its feasibility for conversion of moist biodegradable wastes into biogas. The study found that at peak supply period during the Islamic festivities, a conservative 300tonnes of animal waste is generated during the week which translates to over 800kilowatts of electricity.
Influence of Conferences and Job Rotation on Job Productivity of Library Staf...Premier Publishers
The general purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of conferences and job rotation on job productivity of library staff in tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. The survey research design was used for this study using questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. This study covered the entire population of 661. Out of these, 501 copies of the questionnaire representing 75.8% were duly completed and returned for analysis. Student’s t-test was used to analyze the research questions. The finding showed that conferences had no significant influence on the job productivity of library staff in tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria (F cal= 7.86; t-vale =6.177; p >0.005). Finding also showed that job rotation significantly influences job productivity of library staff in tertiary institutions in Imo State, Nigeria (F-cal value= 18.65; t-value = 16.225; P<0.05). This study recommended that, government should ensure that library staff participate in conferences with themes and topics that are relevant to the job they perform and also ensure that there should be proper evaluation and feedback mechanism which aimed to ensuring control and minimize abuse of their development opportunities. Again, there should be written statement of objectives in order to sustain job rotation programmes. Also, that training and development needs of library staff must be identified and analyzed before embarking on job rotation processes as this would help to build skills, competences, specialization and high job productivity.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Structure and Composition of Urinary Calculi of...Premier Publishers
This document summarizes a study on the scanning electron microscopic structure and chemical composition of urinary calculi (stones) found in geriatric dogs. Microscopic examination of urine samples revealed increased numbers of blood cells, epithelial cells, pus cells, casts, bacteria and crystals of various shapes, predominantly struvite, calcium oxalate dihydrate and monohydrate, and ammonium urate. Scanning electron microscopy showed perpendicular columnar strata of struvite crystals and wavy phases of uric acid. Chemical analysis identified calcium phosphate, calcium oxalate and urea stones. The study characterized the microscopic and electron microscopic appearance of crystals and chemical composition of urinary calculi in geriatric dogs.
Gentrification and its Effects on Minority Communities – A Comparative Case S...Premier Publishers
This paper does a comparative analysis of four global cities and their minority districts which have been experiencing the same structural pressure of gentrification. The main contribution of this paper is providing a detailed comparison of four micro geographies worldwide and the impacts of gentrification on them: Barrio Logan in San Diego, Bo-Kaap in Cape Town, the Mission District in San Francisco, and the Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus District in Vienna. All four cities have been experiencing the displacement of minority communities due to increases in property values. These cities were chosen because their governments enacted different policies to temper the gentrification process. It was found that cities which implemented social housing and cultural inclusionary policies were more successful in maintaining the cultural and demographic make-up of the districts.
Oil and Fatty Acid Composition Analysis of Ethiopian Mustard (Brasicacarinata...Premier Publishers
The experiments was conducted at Holetta Agricultural Research Center, to analyze forty nine Ethiopian Mustard land races for oil and fatty acid composition traits The experiment was carried out in a simple lattice design. The analysis of variance showed that there were highly significant differences among genotypes for all oil and fatty acid traits compared. The significant difference indicates the existence of genetic variability among the land races which is important for improvement
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey
Karakuyu and Can 106
With the arrival of the 2013 curriculum, many learning
outcomes were decreased by 65%, some units in the
subject fields were renamed and many classes per week
were changed. To replace the concept of science and
technology literacy from the 2005 curriculum to the 2013
curriculum, the concept of science literacy was used,
however the content of the definition remained the same.
A “constructivist approach” was stressed in the learning-
teaching process 2005 science curriculum, however with
the 2013 curriculum; the concentration was on “active use
of learning-teaching strategy based on research-
examination.” The name of the curriculum organized within
the context of the 4 + 4 + 4 system was changed to
“Science Education”. Before the 4 + 4 + 4 system, Turkish
education system was 8 + 4 in which elementary education
totaled 8 years and secondary education lasted for 4
years. In the current education system primary education
is 4 years, middle school education is 4 years and
secondary education is 4 years. In the 2013 curriculum,
the learning strategy was based on “research-
examination” that enables the student to be responsible for
their own learning with a more holistic perspective, to
structure the knowledge in the mind and to use a more
active participation (MEB, 2013). A general review of 2005
and 2013 curricula would demonstrate that, although no
changes in weekly classes were implemented, a serious
decrease in the number of achievements was observed.
While total numbers of intended learning outcomes were
807 in 2005 curriculum, the number of achievements was
266 in 2013 curriculum with a decrease of 65% for middle
schools. As the grade levels increased, many learning
outcomes increased as well in the 2013 curriculum. 44
learning outcomes were determined in the fifth grade,
while there are 52 in the 6th, and 78 learning outcomes in
7th and 8th grades (Karatay, Timur and Timur, 2013).
Purpose of the Study
We consider that the assessment approach adopted in the
present study would provide perspective to researchers
studying curriculum development. Furthermore, since the
current study would be the first in the field that would be
conducted with teachers and program development
experts, it was considered that the study would further
contribute to the perspective on the quality of the
curriculum.
Teachers started using the new 3rd grade science
education curriculum in 2013. The objective of this study is
to evaluate the views of the teachers, who are the
implementers of the program, on the new science
curriculum and whether or not it is achieving target
behavior and content. Based on this objective, the main
research question of the study was determined as “Is the
primary school 3rd and 4th grade science curriculum (that
changed in 2013) achieving the target behavior and
content?”
Method
A descriptive survey model, one of the quantitative data
collection and analysis methods, was used in the present
study. This model was selected because it aims to
describe the bare facts of a situation that existed in the
past or still exists today and it attempts to define the
individual or the object that is the subject of research
exactly under the conditions of its existence (Karasar,
2005). Descriptive studies try to establish “what” the
events, entities, institutions, groups, objects and various
fields are and explain the relations between the events
based on the relationships between the existing conditions
with the conditions of the past (Balcı, 2001; Karasar,
2006).
Treatments
The sample group of this study included 3rd and 4th grade
teachers that were working at Ministry of Education public
primary schools during the 2014 – 2015 academic year in
Şanlıurfa province center of Southern Region, Turkey.
Convenience sampling was utilized to identify the study
sample. Convenience sampling allows the researcher to
sample from a known or studied environment (Balcı,
2005). Thus, the sample of the study included 163 third
grade and 160 fourth grade classroom teachers working in
three central townships of the Şanlıurfa province primary
schools. All teachers in the sample were contacted and the
survey was conducted with them all.
Measurement Tools
Teacher Views on Science Curriculum Survey
(TVSCS): This survey was developed by Temli Durmuş
and Ok (2012). In the present study the aim was to
determine the viability of the renewed 3rd and 4th grade
science curriculum. The “TVSCS,” that included questions
to determine the viability of the renewed curriculum, was
used as the data collection tool. The survey form included
27 items. Validity and reliability for the survey were
conducted according to Temli Durmuş and Ok (2012).
Reliability of the scale was determined with Cronbach
alpha internal consistency coefficient and it was
determined as 0.949(Temli Durmuş and Ok, 2012).
Data Collection
The study was conducted with teachers working in primary
schools during the 2014 – 2015 academic year in
Şanlıurfa. The verbal instructions were provided by the
researcher and the teachers completed the forms. Data
were interpreted with statistical analysis. Table 1 below
presents the quantitative frequencies for teachers.
Data Analysis
Data obtained from the questionnaire were transferred to
SPSS and statistical analyses were conducted on the
data. In the questionnaire that included 27 statements, “I
3. Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey
Int. Res. J. Curricul. Pedag. 107
Table 1: Quantitative Frequencies for Teachers
Gender Class
Frequencies
Class
Frequencies
Male 61 64
Female 102 96
Total 163 160
State of Schools
City Center 118 122
Town Center 13 13
Village 32 25
Total 163 160
Experience
1-5 years 54 46
6-10 years 40 46
11-15 years 38 39
16 years and over 31 29
Total 163 160
completely agree” choice was scored as 5 points, “I
partially agree” choice as 4 points, “I neither agree nor
disagree” choice as 3 points, “I partially disagree” choice
as 2 points, and “I completely disagree” choice as 1 point.
Percentage, frequency, arithmetic mean and standard
deviation values were calculated for each item. Table 2
below presents an example of the score scale with the 5
range responses.
Table 2: Score Scale with 5 Range
Score Space Choices
1 I completely disagree
2 I partially disagree
3 I neither agree nor disagree
4 I partially agree
5 I completely agree
Data were analyzed consistent with the aims of the
study;data were coded between 1 to 5 in the utilized scale
and each interval was divided into 5 equal parts 1 point
each, and objectivity of the utilized criterion was provided
using a graded scale based on score ranges that
correspond to each choice to determine the viability of the
renewed primary school 3rd and 4th grade science
curriculum.
RESULTS
In accordance with the aim and research question of this
research, the results obtained from the analysis of the
surveys conducted. Results obtained from the analysis of
the surveys conducted with the teachers’ in relation to the
teachers’ views on the general status of the renewed
science and technology curriculum, are as follows:
Findings of 3rd
and 4th
Grade Classroom Teachers
‘Content Knowledge about New Curriculum.
Table 3: 3rdGrade Classroom Teachers’ Content
Knowledge about New Curriculum.
F %
1 Yes 98 60,1
2 No 6 3,7
3 Partial 59 36,2
Total 163 100
As presented in Table 3 that 98 out of 163 3rd grade
teachers, (60.1%) had content knowledge on the renewed
science curriculum, while 6 (3.7%) did not have content
knowledge. 59 individuals (36.2%) had partial content
knowledge on the curriculum. This was an indication that
almost all 3rd grade sample group teachers had some
content knowledge on the curriculum.
Table 4: 4th Grade Classroom Teachers’ Content
Knowledge about New Curriculum.
F %
1
2
3
Total
Yes
No
Partial
99
6
55
160
61,9
3,8
34,4
100
It could be observed in Table 4 that 99 out of 1604th grade
teachers (61.9%) had content knowledge on the renewed
science curriculum, while 6 (3.8%) did not have content
knowledge. 55 individuals (34.4%) had partial content
knowledge on the curriculum. This was an indication that
almost all 4th grade sample group teachers had some
content knowledge on the curriculum.
Findings on the Views of 3rd
and 4th
Grade Classroom Teachers on Curriculum Based on Seniority Variable.
Table 5: Comparison of 3rd Grade Teachers’ Survey Scores Based on Experience Variable.
Variable Groups Mean Rank Chi-square df P Differences
Experience
1-5 years
6-10 years
11-15 years
16 years and
over
101,67
89,21
62,11
62,82
22,222 3 0,000*
(1-5)>(6-10)
(1-5)>(11-15)
(1-5) >(16 +)
(6-10)>(11-15)
(6-10)>(16 +)
(11-15>(16 +)
N: 163, *p<0,05
As shown in Table 5, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was a significant difference between the mean
scores obtained from the new curriculum scale based on
the variable of the teachers having content knowledge on
the new curriculum, demonstrated that the difference
4. Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey
Karakuyu and Can 108
between the group averages was statistically significant [χ2
(df=3, n= 163) =22.222, p<0.05: 0.000]. Following this
procedure, to determine the source groups of the
significant difference determined as a result of Kruskal
Wallis H-test, supplementary comparison techniques were
conducted. For this purpose, Mann Whitney U-test that is
preferred in paired comparisons was used. Based on the
comparison results presented in Table 5, the significant
difference was in favor of teachers with a seniority of 1 – 5
years and teachers with a seniority of 6 – 10 years. The
scores of teachers with an experience of 1 – 5 years on
their views of the new science curriculum were higher than
those that of the teachers with 11 – 15 years of experience
and teachers with a 16 years or more experience.
Similarly, the scores of teachers with an experience of 6 –
10 years on their views of the new science curriculum
teacher were higher those that of the teachers with an
experience of 11 – 15 years and teachers with 6 years or
more experience. Thus, teachers with experience of 1 – 5
and 6 – 10 years had more positive views on the new
science curriculum.
Table 6: Comparison of 4th Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Seniority Variable.
Variable Groups Mean
Rank
Chi-
square
df P
Experience
1-5 years
6-10 years
11-15 years
16 years and over
99,52
92,34
67,33
63,25
23,211 3 0,085
N: 160, p>0,05
As shown in Table 6, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was not a significant difference between the mean
scores obtained from the new curriculum scale based on
the seniority variable, demonstrated that the difference
between the group averages was statistically not
significant [χ2 (df=3, n= 160) =23.211, p>0.05: 0.085].
Findings of 3rd
and 4th
Grade Classroom Teachers’
Survey Based on Content Knowledge about New
Curriculum.
Table 7: Comparison of 3rd Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on New Curriculum.
Variable Groups Mean
Rank
Chi-
square
df P Differences
Content
Knowledge
Yes
Partial
No
89,64
74,32
32,67
10,707 2 0,005*
(Yes)>(Partial)
(Yes)>(No)
(Partial) >(No)
N: 163, *p<0,05
As shown in Table 7, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was a significant difference between the mean
scores obtained on the variable of the 3rd grade teachers
having content knowledge of the new curriculum,
demonstrated that the difference between the group
averages was statistically significant [χ2 (df=2, n= 163)
=10.707, p<0.05: 0.005].Following this procedure, to
determine the source of the significant difference
determined as a result of Kruskal Wallis H-test,
supplementary comparison techniques were conducted.
For this purpose, Mann Whitney U-test that is preferred in
paired comparisons was used. Analyses results
demonstrated that the difference was in favor of the
teachers who examined or partially examined the new
curriculum (U=97,00; z:-2,750; p<0,05: 0,006 U=78,00; z;-
2,246; p<0,05: 0,025).
Table 8: Comparison of 4th Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on New Curriculum.
Variable Groups Mean
Rank
Chi-
square
df p Differences
Content
Knowledge
Yes
Partial
No
91,63
67,61
43,44
20,517 2 0,013*
(Yes)>(Partial)
(Yes)>(No)
(Partial) >(No)
N: 160, *p<0.05
As shown in Table 8, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was a significant difference between the mean
scores based on the variable of the 4th grade teachers
having content knowledge on the new curriculum,
demonstrated that the difference between the group
averages was statistically significant [χ2 (df=2, n=160) =
8.653, p<0.05: 0.013]. Following this procedure, to
determine the source of the significant difference
determined as a result of Kruskal Wallis H-test,
supplementary comparison techniques were conducted.
For this purpose, Mann Whitney U-test that is preferred in
paired comparisons was used. The results demonstrated
that the difference was in favor of the teachers who
examined or partially examined the new curriculum (U=
93,00; z: -2,823; p<0,05: 0,005 U= 42,00; z; -2,986;
p<0,05: 0,003).
Comparison of 3rd
and 4th
Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Whether They Have Examined the
New Curriculum
Table 9: Comparison of 3rd Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Examining the New Curriculum.
Variable Groups Mean
Rank
Chi-
square
df P Differences
Examining
New
Curriculum.
Yes
Partial
No
104,42
55,45
34,33
56,968 2 0,000*
(Yes)>(Partial)
(Yes)>(No)
(Partial) >(No)
N: 163, *p<0.05
As shown in Table 9, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was a significant difference between the mean
scores obtained based on the variable of the 3rd grade
teachers having examined the new curriculum,
demonstrated that the difference between the group
averages was statistically significant [χ2 (df=2, n=163 )
=56.968, p<0.05: 0.000]. Following this procedure, to
5. Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey
Int. Res. J. Curricul. Pedag. 109
determine the source groups of the significant difference
determined as a result of Kruskal Wallis H-test,
supplementary comparison techniques were conducted.
For this purpose, Mann Whitney U-test that is preferred in
paired comparisons was used. The results demonstrated
that the difference was only in favor of the teachers who
examined the new curriculum(U=141,00; z:-6,010; p<0,05:
0,000).
Table 10: Comparison of 4thGrade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Examining the New Curriculum.
Variable Groups Mean
Rank
Chi-
square
df p Differences
Examining
New
Curriculum.
Yes
Partial
No
91,63
67,61
43,44
20,517 2 0,000*
(Yes)>(Partial)
(Yes)>(No)
(Partial) >(No)
N: 160, *p<0.05
As shown in Table 10, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was a significant difference between the mean
scores based on the variable of the 4th grade teachers
having examined the new curriculum, demonstrated that
the difference between the group averages was
statistically significant [χ2 (df=2, n=160 ) =20.517, p<0.05:
0.000].Following this procedure, to determine the source
groups of the significant difference determined as a result
of Kruskal Wallis H-test, supplementary comparison
techniques were conducted. For this purpose, Mann
Whitney U-test that is preferred in paired comparisons was
used. The results demonstrated that the difference was in
favor of the teachers who examined or partially examined
the new curriculum (U=384,00; z:-3,991; p<0,05: 0,000
U=227,00; z;-2,021; p<0,05: 0,043).
Findings on the Survey Scores of 3rd
and 4th
Grade
Teachers that Received and Did Not Receive In-
Service Training.
Table 11: Comparison of 3rd Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Received and Did Not Receive In-
Service Training
Variable Mean S.R U Z P
New
Curriculum
Received In-
Service
Training
Did Not
Receive In-
Service
Training
76,84
83,41
2689,50
10676,50
2059,50 -0,730 0,462*
N= 163; *p>0,05 Mean: Mean Rank:; S.R: Sum of Ranks;
As shown in Table 11, the results of the non-parametric
Kruskal Wallis H-test, conducted to determine whether
there was not a significant difference between the scores
obtained based on the variable of the 3rd grade teachers
having received in-service training, demonstrated that
there was a significant difference between the groups at p
> 0.05 significance level.
Table 12: Comparison of 4th Grade Teachers’ Survey
Scores Based on Received and Did Not Receive In-
Service Training
Variable Mean S.R U Z P
New
Curriculum
Received In-
Service
Training
Did Not
Receive In-
Service
Training
80,79
80,43
266,00
10214,00
2086,00 -0,040 0,968*
N= 160; *p>0,05 Mean: MeanRank:; S.R: Sum of Ranks;
As shown in Table 12, the results of the non-parametric
Mann Whitney U-test, conducted to determine whether
there was not a significant difference between the scores
based on the variable of the 4th grade teachers having
received in-service training, demonstrated that there was
a significant difference between the groups at p > 0.05
significance level.
DISCUSSION
In conjunction with the aim and research question of this
study, primary school 3rd and 4th grade teachers stated that
the experiments in the renewed science curriculum were
suitable for the learning outcomes. In this study, 3rd and 4th
grade teachers agree with the idea that the new curriculum
fulfills the deficiencies of previous curriculum. In our study,
approximately 97% 3rd grade teachers had content
knowledge on the renewed science curriculum. This result
shows that teachers reviewed the new curriculum. The
numbers of the 4th grade teachers are almost the same.
They expressed that putting theoretical knowledge into
practice via the experiments both increased student
activity and information retention. Teachers believed that
the new curriculum was organized with an emphasis on
knowledge, ability, emotion and communication. In a study
by Erdoğan (2005), it was stated that, with the new
curriculum, the activities that were performed in the
classroom before were now practiced in the laboratory.
Teachers also stressed that the teacher-student and
student-student communications increased as a result of
the group studies. They stated that the new science and
technology curriculum promoted active participation of
students in the learning process, the curriculum was
student-centered, and it stressed frequently on the
necessity of learning by doing and with experience. In their
study, Ercan and Altun (2005) determined that 95% of
teachers found the new curriculum to be student-centered.
In a study by Deniz (2005), that scrutinized the effect of
student-centered science instruction on student
achievement demonstrated the superiority of the student-
6. Opinions of Teachers about Renewed 3rd and 4th Grade Science Curriculum in Turkey
Karakuyu and Can 110
centered instruction method. In the study, most of the
teachers stated that the curriculum fit the student level,
considered the student development level, the curriculum
had a student-centered design, it enabled the students to
explore the information, and it was suitable for group
studies (Tüysüz and Aydın, 2009).
3rd and 4th grade classroom teachers participating in this
study stated that the new curriculum rendered the student
more investigative and inquisitive due to instructional
methods and techniques utilized, developed the students’
cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities. In their
study, Ercan and Altun (2005) attempted to assess 4th and
5thgrades’ new science and technology curriculum based
on teacher views. 90% of the participating teachers stated
that the new science and technology curriculum enabled
students to gain more investigative and inquisitive
qualifications and the number of students who could think,
analyze and evaluate scientifically increased as a result of
the new curriculum. 85% of the participants stated that
students had suitable behavior for scientific process skills
and displayed conscious individual behavior and 100% of
the participants expressed that students were completely
related science and technology course with the daily life.
In that study, classroom teachers argued that the science
and technology curriculum was related to other courses,
the curriculum content was satisfactoryand the subjects
were suitable for the student level.
Teachers stated that the new science curriculum had more
positive qualities when compared to the previous
curriculum, constructivist approach was prevalent
replacing the behaviorist approach and the order of the
subjects was appropriate. It was observed that teachers
used alternative assessment methods of peer review,
student product file, project assessment, performance
homework and portfolio in addition to oral and written
examinations in assessment and evaluation. Furthermore,
it was observed that laboratory activities, trips and
observation were used as out-of-classroom learning
environments and also utilized instruction technologies
such as overhead projectors, projector, and CDs. In our
study, the significant difference was in favor of teachers
with an experience of 1 – 5 years and teachers with an
experience of 6 – 10 years. Thus, teachers with an
experience of 1 – 5 and 6 – 10 years had more positive
views on the new science curriculum. And there was not a
significant difference between the mean scores obtained
from the new curriculum scale based on the variable of the
4th teachers having content knowledge on the new
curriculum
Teachers participating in this study expressed that they
had experienced problems while implementing the
activities in the new curriculum such as insufficient time,
material shortages during experiments, and general
material shortages. In schools with insufficient physical
equipment, teachers stated they were unable to implement
the curriculum completely. The most reported problems in
application of the new curriculum declared by the teachers
were inadequate in-service training about the new
curriculum (Öz, 2007). In this study there wasn’t a
significant difference between the scores obtained based
on the variable of the 3rd grade and 4th grade teachers
having received in-service training or not receive in-service
training. There are many issues to make improvements in
science education. The Next Generation Science
Standards (NGSS) which was completed in 2013 should
be focused on professional development, new policies,
and more effort of the whole science education (Pruitt,
2014).
In a study conducted on acquisition of scientific attitude
and behavior in science course, Öz (2007) stated that
problems such as insufficient tools and equipment at
schools and lack of information about the renewed
curriculum were encountered at schools. Students can
apply knowledge to use scientific and engineering
practices via helping many gifted teachers to their
students. Research in science education has recognized
the importance of integrating practice with content
(Corcoran, Mosher, & Rogat, 2009). In our study, it was
determined that former senior teachers did not have more
content knowledge about the new curriculum. It has been
seen from between the mean scores obtained from the
new curriculum scale based on the variable of the teachers
having content knowledge on the new curriculum. The
studies by Karatay, Timur and Timur (2013) that compared
2005 and 2013 science curricula, by Toroman and Alcı
(2013) on the views of science teachers about the renewed
science curriculum, and by Yücel and Özkan (2013) that
compared 2013 science curriculum with 2005 science and
technology curriculum presented results that support the
findings of the current study. Results showed that most of
the 3rd grade and 4th grade teachers participated in the
study believe that the new program is suitable to students’
level, it has been developed according to students’
learning out comes provide opportunities for students
achievements.
REFERENCES
Balcı, A. (2001). Research Methods, Techniques and
Principles in Social Sciences (3rd edition). Ankara:
PegemA Publishing.
Büyükkaragöz, S. (1997). Program Development. Konya:
Self Education Publications.
Corcoran, T., Mosher, F. A., & Rogat, A. (2009). Learning
Progressions in Science: An Evidence-based approach
to Reform (CPRE #RR-63). Consortium for Policy
Research in Education, Centuer on Continous
Instruction Improvement, Teachers’s College, New
York, NY: Columbia University. http://www.cpre.org/.
Delen, İ., & Kesercioğlu, T. (2012). How Middle School
Students’ Science Process Skills Affected by Turkey’s
National Curriculum Change?, Journal of Turkısh
Scıence Education, 9(4).