SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Open Education @ UCT: Becoming
an Open Educator
Glenda Cox (Centre for Innovation in Learning and
Teaching) and Jill Claassen (Library)
University of Cape Town
http://www.moddou.com/
No cost
Degrees of openness depends on
rights of the licence that the
creator of content has granted to
the user.
Open Content part of the
“Open Movement”
The Open Movement
Open Source Software
Open Access
Open LicencesOpen Science
Open Society
BY Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams
Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are
educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed
that can be:
Shared
Shared freely
and openly to
be…
Used
Improved
Redistributed
… used by
anyone to …
… adapt / repurpose/
improve under some type
of license in order to …
… redistribute
and share again.
What are the enablers of Open Education?
In 2015 over 1 billion
works were licenced
under Creative
Commons
175 million visitors
http://www.oeconsortium.org/
Global Participation
BACKGROUND TO OPEN EDUCATION
@UCT
OER AT UCT
UCT signs Cape Town Open Education
Declaration
Brazil:1750
USA: 24 000
+200 000 visits
184 countries
Australia: 2152
Philippines:
2400
India: 7300
Germany: 1802UK: 6800
South
Africa
102 000 June 2014- before
moving into OpenUCT
CILT
• Open
Educations
Resources
• CC awareness
LIBRARY
• Open Access
• Repository
help and
moderation
IP LAW
• Creative
Commons
legal Lead:
Tobias
Schonwetter
• Support from
RCIPS
OER grants for R10 000
next round 18 April
Workshops and seminars
on all aspects of Open
Education
Open education
consortium Global
Network with
international recognition
for open education
UCT MOOCs use
materials that will
become Open
Educational Resources
Research: Research on
OER for Development in
the Global South. Post
graduate studies in Open
Education
What does CILT offer:
Faculties and areas 2011-2015
Centre for Higher
Education Development
7
Commerce 7
Engineering 12
Health Science 24
Humanities 20
Science 7
Law 4
Library 1
Vice Chancellor’s office 1
Other (undefined) 2
TOTAL 85
OER grants for
R10 000 next
round 18 April
Workshops
and seminars
on all aspects
of Open
Education
Open education
consortium Global
Network with
international recognition
for open education
Open
education
consortium
Global
Network with
international
recognition for
open
education
Award Winners
Open
education
consortium
Global
Network with
international
recognition for
open
education
Open
education
consortium
Global
Network with
international
recognition for
open
education
OCWC Educator award
• Dr Juan Klopper (FHS)
“I’m honoured to announce that I have been awarded
the Open CourseWare Consortium 2014 Award for the
category Individual Educator for my work on open
education.
Previous award winner, Walter Lewin, Physicist at MIT,
has been an inspiration and hero of mine and to be a
recipient of the same award, is a truly humbling
experience for me” http://www.juanklopper.com/
Over 200
000
viewsOpen
education
consortium
Global
Network with
international
recognition for
open
education
UCT MOOCs use
materials that will
become Open
Educational
Resources
UCT MOOCs
use materials
that will
become Open
Educational
Resources
Research:
Research on
OER for
Development
in the Global
South. Post
graduate
studies in
Open
Education
UCT Libraries’ role in
UCT’s Open Educational Resources
UCT’s Open Access Policy, 2014
• The Policy is committed to preserving “scholarly work of UCT
scholars and to make this scholarship discoverable, visible and
freely available online to anyone who seeks it".
• The Policy encourages all forms of works of scholarship
available, which includes:
– essays, books, conference papers, reports, educational
resources, presentations, scholarly multi-media material,
audio-visual works and digital representations of pictorial
and graphical materials.
http://open.uct.ac.za/
Choose a type of submission
Choose A Creative Commons License
The repository’s licensing options are found in the Rights dropdown list
from the set of six Creative Commons licenses:
The distribution license
The submitter has to grant UCT a non-exclusive distribution license. By
granting this license, the submitter gives OpenUCT the right to share the
item further on their behalf and preserve it.
http://open.uct.ac.za/submission.html
The next steps: Moderation by Libraries
• Check copyright
• Check that teaching and learning material does not
conflict with UCT’s IP Policy (e.g. multiple choice tests
and examination questions, Syllabuses and curricula)
• Thereafter make item available globally
2016 OpenUCT Statistics (T&L)
Activities and labs 2 Music score 1
Assessments 1 Other 83
Audio||Audio Lectures 43 Position paper 6
Book 4 Poster 3
Book chapter 1 Reading 17
Book review 1 Recorded lecture 23
Collection 7 Simulation 12
Curriculum Standards 1 Slideshow 26
Filmed lecture 2 Still image 2
Graphic 2 Teaching & learning strategy 3
Guide 4 Textbook 21
Guidelines 2 Training manual 1
Handbook 1 Training materials 18
HTML 17 Video 32
Interview 11 Video||Training materials 15
Lecture notes 29 Web page 16
Lesson plan 16 Web site 16
Moving image 3 Wiki 3
TOTAL: 445
2016 Stats of OpenUCT
Books and Chapters in Books 56
Articles 1695
Thesis 11621
T&L 445
Grey Literature 1301
TOTAL: 15118
Webometrics ranking of OpenUCT
9TH
8TH
0
5
10
15
20
25
January 2015 January 2016
No.ofRepositories
OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS
RANKING
SOUTH AFRICA
12TH
8TH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
January 2015 January 2016
No.ofRepositories
OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS
RANKING
AFRICA
470TH
370TH
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
January 2015 January 2016
No.ofRepositories
OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS
RANKING
WORLD
Attribution: Shireen Davis-Evans, UCT Libraries
UCT’s eRA
You are invited to an Open Scholarship Symposium that will
have international and national speakers present on open
source, open access, OERs, open data and open publishing.
Details available at:
http://www.openaccess.lib.uct.ac.za/open-access-
symposium-2016
WHY NOW? AND WHAT CAN YOU DO?
• Increase institutional visibility, advancing competitiveness, attracting
students and resources
• Promote effective social responsiveness
• Improve learning experience by selecting materials in pedagogically
sound and innovative ways
• Improve recruitment by helping the right students find the right
programmes
• Enhance teaching coherence across courses
• Ensure better long-term archiving, curation and reuse of teaching
materials
• Attract alumni as life-long learners
Why now for departments?
• Profile teaching and pedagogical idea
sharing
• Create record of teaching for teaching
portfolio
• Foster connections between other
colleagues, departments and even other
universities (especially cross-disciplinary
studies)
• Increase impact of teaching materials
• Extend use of teaching materials to high
school learners and life-long learners
Individual
Why now individually?
My online presence
• Research project: Instruments and research data on
Datafirst
(https://www.datafirst.uct.ac.za/dataportal/index.php
/catalog/central)
• Articles in Open Access Journals
• Open education resources: Slides in Slideshare: eg.
Introduction to OER (+4000 views)
• Slides and other materials in OpenUCT
• Thesis in OpenUCT when examined later in the year
• Twitter for communicating all of the above
The process
Creators and Contacts
Prepared by: Glenda Cox. Glenda.cox@uct.ac.za
And Jill Claassen. Jill.claassen@uct.ac.za
Some of the slides were created by Michael
Paskevicius : mike.vicious@gmail.com
Other slides by Sarah Goodier, Cheryl
Hodgkinson-Williams and Shireen Davis-Evans
OpenUCT repository
https://open.uct.ac.za/
CILT website
http://www.cilt.uct.ac.za/
Roer4D website:
http://roer4d.org/
Open Education @ UCT by Glenda Cox and Jill
Claassen is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License

More Related Content

What's hot

OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharingOER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
LangOER
 
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open EducationOpen Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
Clint Lalonde
 
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
Dominic Orr
 
Trends in open and online education
Trends in open and online educationTrends in open and online education
Trends in open and online education
Robert Schuwer
 
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
icdeslides
 
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas TerbukaOCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
The Open Education Consortium
 
An Introduction to Open Educational Resources
An Introduction to Open Educational ResourcesAn Introduction to Open Educational Resources
An Introduction to Open Educational Resources
LangOER
 
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-AssessmentDay 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
Dr. Indira Koneru
 
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions DeliveryWiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
 
OER, an Overview
OER, an OverviewOER, an Overview
OER, an Overview
Robert Schuwer
 
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
Gijs Houwen
 
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTABringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
icdeslides
 
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTSIntro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
Robin DeRosa
 
Open education in Europe, trends and developments
Open education in Europe, trends and developmentsOpen education in Europe, trends and developments
Open education in Europe, trends and developments
Robert Schuwer
 
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & PolicySaudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
Cable Green
 
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALsOER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
OEPScotland
 
The Innovative Aspect of Open Education
The Innovative Aspect of Open EducationThe Innovative Aspect of Open Education
The Innovative Aspect of Open Education
Robert Farrow
 
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching (CILT), University of Cape Town
 
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
EADTU
 
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OERWikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
Robert Schuwer
 

What's hot (20)

OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharingOER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
OER - Open Educational Resources: finding, reusing, sharing
 
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open EducationOpen Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
Open Technology - The 3rd Pillar of Open Education
 
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
What educational policy needs OER for, and what policy support does OER need?
 
Trends in open and online education
Trends in open and online educationTrends in open and online education
Trends in open and online education
 
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
ICDE Report: UNESCO Chairs in OER, International Meeting Krakow, Poland April...
 
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas TerbukaOCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
OCWC Global 2013: OER @ Universitas Terbuka
 
An Introduction to Open Educational Resources
An Introduction to Open Educational ResourcesAn Introduction to Open Educational Resources
An Introduction to Open Educational Resources
 
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-AssessmentDay 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
Day 3 OER-enabled Teaching-Learning-Assessment
 
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions DeliveryWiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
Wiley Thoughts on OER Definitions Adoptions Delivery
 
OER, an Overview
OER, an OverviewOER, an Overview
OER, an Overview
 
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
Getting started with Open Education: Open & Online Education for Capacity Bui...
 
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTABringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
Bringing Educational Resources For Teachers in Africa - BERTA
 
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTSIntro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
Intro to Open Pedagogy: For STUDENTS
 
Open education in Europe, trends and developments
Open education in Europe, trends and developmentsOpen education in Europe, trends and developments
Open education in Europe, trends and developments
 
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & PolicySaudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
Saudi Arabia’s National Open Education Strategy, Master Plan & Policy
 
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALsOER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
OER and OEP - what they are and what impact might they have on ALs
 
The Innovative Aspect of Open Education
The Innovative Aspect of Open EducationThe Innovative Aspect of Open Education
The Innovative Aspect of Open Education
 
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
Open, Sesame?: OER and MOOCs Demystifying Open Educational Resources and Ma...
 
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
Introduction to MOOCs and internationalisation (MID2017)
 
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OERWikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
Wikiwijs, a National Initiative on OER
 

Similar to Open Education at UCT (2016)

Overview ocw july 2011
Overview ocw july 2011Overview ocw july 2011
Overview ocw july 2011
The Open Education Consortium
 
Open Learn And Its Impact
Open Learn And Its Impact Open Learn And Its Impact
Open Learn And Its Impact
OpenLearn .
 
Getting started with Open Education
Getting started with Open EducationGetting started with Open Education
Getting started with Open Education
Willem van Valkenburg
 
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher EdForward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
 
Open Education and Co-creation
Open Education and Co-creationOpen Education and Co-creation
Open Education and Co-creation
Lorna Campbell
 
OCWC Overview Jan 2010
OCWC Overview Jan 2010OCWC Overview Jan 2010
OCWC Overview Jan 2010
ChrisPegler
 
Moving Beyond OER: USNH
Moving Beyond OER: USNHMoving Beyond OER: USNH
Moving Beyond OER: USNH
The Open Education Consortium
 
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conferenceOpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
Willem van Valkenburg
 
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
Megan Beckett
 
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open EcosystemENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
Robert Farrow
 
Producing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gains
Producing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gainsProducing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gains
Openness and higher education
Openness and higher educationOpenness and higher education
Openness and higher educationGlenda Cox
 
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
Support Centre for Open Resources in Education
 
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
Una Daly
 
And the-textbook-is-free
And the-textbook-is-freeAnd the-textbook-is-free
And the-textbook-is-free
Cyrus Helf
 
Openness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
Openness in higher education: Open Educational ResourcesOpenness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
Openness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
ROER4D
 
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout SessionOpen Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
Sarah Currier
 
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
Michael Paskevicius
 
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
BCcampus
 

Similar to Open Education at UCT (2016) (20)

Overview ocw july 2011
Overview ocw july 2011Overview ocw july 2011
Overview ocw july 2011
 
Open Learn And Its Impact
Open Learn And Its Impact Open Learn And Its Impact
Open Learn And Its Impact
 
Getting started with Open Education
Getting started with Open EducationGetting started with Open Education
Getting started with Open Education
 
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher EdForward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
Forward - Situating OER in Global Higher Ed
 
Open Education and Co-creation
Open Education and Co-creationOpen Education and Co-creation
Open Education and Co-creation
 
OCWC Overview Jan 2010
OCWC Overview Jan 2010OCWC Overview Jan 2010
OCWC Overview Jan 2010
 
Moving Beyond OER: USNH
Moving Beyond OER: USNHMoving Beyond OER: USNH
Moving Beyond OER: USNH
 
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conferenceOpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
OpenCourseWare for eurosakai conference
 
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
Open education: What does it mean to us, to South Africa and to you?
 
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open EcosystemENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
ENCORE+: Your Place in the Open Ecosystem
 
Producing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gains
Producing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gainsProducing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gains
Producing MOOCs: Evaluating institutional gains
 
Openness and higher education
Openness and higher educationOpenness and higher education
Openness and higher education
 
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
Oer projects, programmes and initiatives in the uk and internationally april ...
 
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
Ohio Textbook Affordability Summit: Why Openness Matters?
 
And the-textbook-is-free
And the-textbook-is-freeAnd the-textbook-is-free
And the-textbook-is-free
 
Openness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
Openness in higher education: Open Educational ResourcesOpenness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
Openness in higher education: Open Educational Resources
 
Oer
OerOer
Oer
 
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout SessionOpen Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
Open Educational Resources and Repositories: Discussion Breakout Session
 
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
Open Education Week: Degrees of Open Practice
 
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
Open Textbook Project: a presentation for the Canadian Association of Researc...
 

More from Glenda Cox

OTESSA keynote back up.pptx
OTESSA  keynote back up.pptxOTESSA  keynote back up.pptx
OTESSA keynote back up.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptx
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptxFuture of open education Cox presentation.pptx
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
CC 2023.pptx
CC 2023.pptxCC 2023.pptx
CC 2023.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Cox WPU January 2023.pptx
Cox WPU January 2023.pptxCox WPU January 2023.pptx
Cox WPU January 2023.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
ADUN Cox presentation.pptx
ADUN Cox presentation.pptxADUN Cox presentation.pptx
ADUN Cox presentation.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptxPG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptxAlkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptxWUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Walter_Sisulu.pptx
Walter_Sisulu.pptxWalter_Sisulu.pptx
Walter_Sisulu.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Opened 22 (1).pptx
Opened 22 (1).pptxOpened 22 (1).pptx
Opened 22 (1).pptx
Glenda Cox
 
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptxUNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
Glenda Cox
 
Cornerstone_seminar.pptx
Cornerstone_seminar.pptxCornerstone_seminar.pptx
Cornerstone_seminar.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
OE_Global_2022.pptx
OE_Global_2022.pptxOE_Global_2022.pptx
OE_Global_2022.pptx
Glenda Cox
 
NMU Open Education colloquium 20
NMU Open Education colloquium 20NMU Open Education colloquium 20
NMU Open Education colloquium 20
Glenda Cox
 
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption PyramidCox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
Glenda Cox
 
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for DevelopmentDigital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Glenda Cox
 
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for DevelopmentDigital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Glenda Cox
 
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
Glenda Cox
 
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
Glenda Cox
 
The philosophy of open by glenda cox final
The philosophy of open by glenda cox   finalThe philosophy of open by glenda cox   final
The philosophy of open by glenda cox final
Glenda Cox
 

More from Glenda Cox (20)

OTESSA keynote back up.pptx
OTESSA  keynote back up.pptxOTESSA  keynote back up.pptx
OTESSA keynote back up.pptx
 
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptx
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptxFuture of open education Cox presentation.pptx
Future of open education Cox presentation.pptx
 
CC 2023.pptx
CC 2023.pptxCC 2023.pptx
CC 2023.pptx
 
Cox WPU January 2023.pptx
Cox WPU January 2023.pptxCox WPU January 2023.pptx
Cox WPU January 2023.pptx
 
ADUN Cox presentation.pptx
ADUN Cox presentation.pptxADUN Cox presentation.pptx
ADUN Cox presentation.pptx
 
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptxPG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
PG Dip edtech Open Ed 2023.pptx
 
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptxAlkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
Alkasim presentation 2023 MC.pptx
 
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptxWUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
WUN_PRESENTATION__-_ENGLISH.pptx
 
Walter_Sisulu.pptx
Walter_Sisulu.pptxWalter_Sisulu.pptx
Walter_Sisulu.pptx
 
Opened 22 (1).pptx
Opened 22 (1).pptxOpened 22 (1).pptx
Opened 22 (1).pptx
 
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptxUNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
UNESCO_students_as_partners_(1).pptx
 
Cornerstone_seminar.pptx
Cornerstone_seminar.pptxCornerstone_seminar.pptx
Cornerstone_seminar.pptx
 
OE_Global_2022.pptx
OE_Global_2022.pptxOE_Global_2022.pptx
OE_Global_2022.pptx
 
NMU Open Education colloquium 20
NMU Open Education colloquium 20NMU Open Education colloquium 20
NMU Open Education colloquium 20
 
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption PyramidCox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
Cox and Trotter OER Adoption Pyramid
 
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for DevelopmentDigital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
 
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for DevelopmentDigital Open Textbooks for Development
Digital Open Textbooks for Development
 
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
Digital Open Textbooks OE Global Milan 2019
 
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
2019 Understanding Copyright and Creative Commons and slides on Finding OER
 
The philosophy of open by glenda cox final
The philosophy of open by glenda cox   finalThe philosophy of open by glenda cox   final
The philosophy of open by glenda cox final
 

Recently uploaded

Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityNatural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Akanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
Delapenabediema
 
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDABest Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
deeptiverma2406
 
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Atul Kumar Singh
 
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptxA Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
thanhdowork
 
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
heathfieldcps1
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
JosvitaDsouza2
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Jisc
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
SACHIN R KONDAGURI
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
camakaiclarkmusic
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
Celine George
 
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion DesignsDigital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
chanes7
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
EverAndrsGuerraGuerr
 
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkIntroduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
TechSoup
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
Jisc
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Vikramjit Singh
 
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBCSTRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
kimdan468
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Krisztián Száraz
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityNatural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
 
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDABest Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
 
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
 
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptxA Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
 
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 5pptx.pptx
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
 
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion DesignsDigital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
Digital Artifact 2 - Investigating Pavilion Designs
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
 
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkIntroduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
 
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBCSTRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
STRAND 3 HYGIENIC PRACTICES.pptx GRADE 7 CBC
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO PerspectiveAdvantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
 

Open Education at UCT (2016)

  • 1. Open Education @ UCT: Becoming an Open Educator Glenda Cox (Centre for Innovation in Learning and Teaching) and Jill Claassen (Library) University of Cape Town
  • 2.
  • 3. http://www.moddou.com/ No cost Degrees of openness depends on rights of the licence that the creator of content has granted to the user.
  • 4. Open Content part of the “Open Movement” The Open Movement Open Source Software Open Access Open LicencesOpen Science Open Society BY Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams
  • 5. Open Content / Open educational resources (OER) / Open Courseware are educational materials which are discoverable online and openly licensed that can be: Shared Shared freely and openly to be… Used Improved Redistributed … used by anyone to … … adapt / repurpose/ improve under some type of license in order to … … redistribute and share again.
  • 6. What are the enablers of Open Education?
  • 7. In 2015 over 1 billion works were licenced under Creative Commons
  • 8.
  • 11. BACKGROUND TO OPEN EDUCATION @UCT
  • 13. UCT signs Cape Town Open Education Declaration
  • 14.
  • 15. Brazil:1750 USA: 24 000 +200 000 visits 184 countries Australia: 2152 Philippines: 2400 India: 7300 Germany: 1802UK: 6800 South Africa 102 000 June 2014- before moving into OpenUCT
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. CILT • Open Educations Resources • CC awareness LIBRARY • Open Access • Repository help and moderation IP LAW • Creative Commons legal Lead: Tobias Schonwetter • Support from RCIPS
  • 19. OER grants for R10 000 next round 18 April Workshops and seminars on all aspects of Open Education Open education consortium Global Network with international recognition for open education UCT MOOCs use materials that will become Open Educational Resources Research: Research on OER for Development in the Global South. Post graduate studies in Open Education What does CILT offer:
  • 20. Faculties and areas 2011-2015 Centre for Higher Education Development 7 Commerce 7 Engineering 12 Health Science 24 Humanities 20 Science 7 Law 4 Library 1 Vice Chancellor’s office 1 Other (undefined) 2 TOTAL 85 OER grants for R10 000 next round 18 April
  • 21. Workshops and seminars on all aspects of Open Education
  • 22. Open education consortium Global Network with international recognition for open education Open education consortium Global Network with international recognition for open education
  • 25. OCWC Educator award • Dr Juan Klopper (FHS) “I’m honoured to announce that I have been awarded the Open CourseWare Consortium 2014 Award for the category Individual Educator for my work on open education. Previous award winner, Walter Lewin, Physicist at MIT, has been an inspiration and hero of mine and to be a recipient of the same award, is a truly humbling experience for me” http://www.juanklopper.com/ Over 200 000 viewsOpen education consortium Global Network with international recognition for open education
  • 26. UCT MOOCs use materials that will become Open Educational Resources UCT MOOCs use materials that will become Open Educational Resources
  • 27. Research: Research on OER for Development in the Global South. Post graduate studies in Open Education
  • 28. UCT Libraries’ role in UCT’s Open Educational Resources
  • 29. UCT’s Open Access Policy, 2014 • The Policy is committed to preserving “scholarly work of UCT scholars and to make this scholarship discoverable, visible and freely available online to anyone who seeks it". • The Policy encourages all forms of works of scholarship available, which includes: – essays, books, conference papers, reports, educational resources, presentations, scholarly multi-media material, audio-visual works and digital representations of pictorial and graphical materials.
  • 31. Choose a type of submission
  • 32. Choose A Creative Commons License The repository’s licensing options are found in the Rights dropdown list from the set of six Creative Commons licenses:
  • 33. The distribution license The submitter has to grant UCT a non-exclusive distribution license. By granting this license, the submitter gives OpenUCT the right to share the item further on their behalf and preserve it. http://open.uct.ac.za/submission.html
  • 34. The next steps: Moderation by Libraries • Check copyright • Check that teaching and learning material does not conflict with UCT’s IP Policy (e.g. multiple choice tests and examination questions, Syllabuses and curricula) • Thereafter make item available globally
  • 35. 2016 OpenUCT Statistics (T&L) Activities and labs 2 Music score 1 Assessments 1 Other 83 Audio||Audio Lectures 43 Position paper 6 Book 4 Poster 3 Book chapter 1 Reading 17 Book review 1 Recorded lecture 23 Collection 7 Simulation 12 Curriculum Standards 1 Slideshow 26 Filmed lecture 2 Still image 2 Graphic 2 Teaching & learning strategy 3 Guide 4 Textbook 21 Guidelines 2 Training manual 1 Handbook 1 Training materials 18 HTML 17 Video 32 Interview 11 Video||Training materials 15 Lecture notes 29 Web page 16 Lesson plan 16 Web site 16 Moving image 3 Wiki 3 TOTAL: 445
  • 36. 2016 Stats of OpenUCT Books and Chapters in Books 56 Articles 1695 Thesis 11621 T&L 445 Grey Literature 1301 TOTAL: 15118
  • 37. Webometrics ranking of OpenUCT 9TH 8TH 0 5 10 15 20 25 January 2015 January 2016 No.ofRepositories OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS RANKING SOUTH AFRICA 12TH 8TH 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 January 2015 January 2016 No.ofRepositories OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS RANKING AFRICA 470TH 370TH 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 January 2015 January 2016 No.ofRepositories OpenUCT WEBOMETRICS RANKING WORLD Attribution: Shireen Davis-Evans, UCT Libraries
  • 39. You are invited to an Open Scholarship Symposium that will have international and national speakers present on open source, open access, OERs, open data and open publishing. Details available at: http://www.openaccess.lib.uct.ac.za/open-access- symposium-2016
  • 40. WHY NOW? AND WHAT CAN YOU DO?
  • 41. • Increase institutional visibility, advancing competitiveness, attracting students and resources • Promote effective social responsiveness • Improve learning experience by selecting materials in pedagogically sound and innovative ways • Improve recruitment by helping the right students find the right programmes • Enhance teaching coherence across courses • Ensure better long-term archiving, curation and reuse of teaching materials • Attract alumni as life-long learners Why now for departments?
  • 42. • Profile teaching and pedagogical idea sharing • Create record of teaching for teaching portfolio • Foster connections between other colleagues, departments and even other universities (especially cross-disciplinary studies) • Increase impact of teaching materials • Extend use of teaching materials to high school learners and life-long learners Individual Why now individually?
  • 43. My online presence • Research project: Instruments and research data on Datafirst (https://www.datafirst.uct.ac.za/dataportal/index.php /catalog/central) • Articles in Open Access Journals • Open education resources: Slides in Slideshare: eg. Introduction to OER (+4000 views) • Slides and other materials in OpenUCT • Thesis in OpenUCT when examined later in the year • Twitter for communicating all of the above
  • 45. Creators and Contacts Prepared by: Glenda Cox. Glenda.cox@uct.ac.za And Jill Claassen. Jill.claassen@uct.ac.za Some of the slides were created by Michael Paskevicius : mike.vicious@gmail.com Other slides by Sarah Goodier, Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams and Shireen Davis-Evans OpenUCT repository https://open.uct.ac.za/ CILT website http://www.cilt.uct.ac.za/ Roer4D website: http://roer4d.org/
  • 46. Open Education @ UCT by Glenda Cox and Jill Claassen is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Editor's Notes

  1. What is the meaning of “open” in education? Open in the sense that there is access to education eg. The Open University in the UK. It is not free but anyone can sign up. Open education and OER are taking this further to mean access and free Massively open online courses (MOOCs) are accessible to everyone, not always free and many materials are copyrighted and closed
  2. The key aspect of an OER is that it is both discoverable online – so that people can find it AND openly licensed - so that people can legally make use of it. OER includes texts, different forms of media, ideas, as well as documented teaching strategies/techniques or practices. Advocates of openness would suggest that the value in OER is in its potential to support learning in many ways and in many contexts.
  3. https://stateof.creativecommons.org/report/
  4. https://stateof.creativecommons.org/
  5. More than 250 institutions and afflilated organistations
  6. Update
  7. EDUCATOR AWARD The Educator award recognizes an educator who actively develops and/or uses open educational resources in creative and significant ways over a sustained period of time.
  8. Lets drill down and talk about what this means to us as academics in the information age. Why is this important? OER allows us to profile and highlight our teaching and pedagogical ideas online (in addition to research) It creates a record of our teaching material and leads to the development of teaching portfolios – essentially building a teaching profile in addition to your research profiles Having our material online may foster connections between other colleagues, departments and even other universities especially cross-disciplinary studies. It can increase the impact of our teaching materials and help us attract the right students by giving them some idea of what we teach at UCT It may also extend the use of teaching materials to high school and life-long learners
  9. 4452 views in one Slideshare on Openness
  10. Magnifying glass image (top left) by Tall Chris available at http://www.flickr.com/photos/tallchris/14288135/ under CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en) Academic image (2nd from the top right) by Tim Ellis available at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/tim_ellis/2269499855/ under CC BY-NC 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/deed.en)