This document summarizes a mentee's progress in their typing skills and learning of object-oriented programming concepts over 10 weeks. It shows that the mentee's typing speed improved from 18WPM to 23WPM but did not reach the weekly target of 25WPM. It then explains key OOP concepts like classes, objects, constructors, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts. The document was prepared by trainees of Baabtra as part of their mentoring program.

2. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt .
Ltd

4. Typing Speed
Week Target Achieved
1 25WPM 18WPM
2 25WPM 19WPM
3 25WPM 20WPM
4 25WPM 21WPM
5 25wpm 21wpm
6 25wpm 21wpm
7 25wpm 22wpm
8 25wpm 22wpm
9 25wpm 23wpm
10 25wpm 23wpm

5. Object-Oriented Programming
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6. What is OOP?
 Object-oriented programming (OOP)style of programming that
focuses on using objects to design and build applications.
 Think of an object as a model of the concepts,processes, or thing
in the real world that are meaningful to your application

7. What Are Objects?
 Software objects model reaL-world objects
- dog, bicycle, etc.
 Real-world objects have states and behaviors
-Dogs' states or properties: name, color, breed, hungry
-Dogs' behaviors or action : barking fetching
 How do Software objects implement real-world objects?
-Use variables to implement states
-Use methods to implement behaviors
 An object is a software bundle of variables and related
methods

8. Definition
• Class : -is the base design of objects
• Object :- is the instance of a class
• No memory is allocated when a class is created.
• Memory is allocated only when an object is created.

9. Constructor
 A method in a class that initialize an instance of an object
before it's used.
• The same name as the class and have no return type
 Multiple Constructors: the same name but a different number
of arguments or different typed arguments
• Method Overloading
 Java Provides default constructors.
 The special variable, this, can be used inside a method to refer
to the object instance

10. Example for Constructor
• Public class shape
{
private int width;
private int height;
shape(int height,int width)
{
this.width=width;
this.height=height;
}
Private int calculateArea()
{
return a*b;
}
}
Shape rectangle=new shape(20,35);

11. OOP FEATURES
Abstraction
Encapsulation
Polymorphism
Inheritance

12. Data Abstraction
 Abstraction refers to the act of representing
essential features without including the
background details or explanations.
 Since the classes use the concept of data
abstraction , they are known as the abstract
data types.

13. Encapsulation
 The wrapping up of data and functions into a
single unit is known as Encapsulation.
 The data is not accessible to the outside world
and only those functions which are wrapped in
the class can access it.
 This insulation of the data from direct access by
the program is called Data hiding or information
hiding.

14. Polymorphism
 In polymorphism refers to a programming language ability to process
objects differently depending on their data type or class.
 More specifically, it is the ability to redefine methods for derived classes.
 For example,
given a base class shape , polymorphism enables the programmer to
define different area methods for any number of derived classes, such as
circles, rectangles and triangles. No matter what shape an object is, applying
the area method to it will return the correct results. Polymorphism is considered
to be a requirement of any true object-oriented programming language (OOPL).

15. Example
Public class shape
{
int calculateArea(int width,int height)
{
return width*height;
}
float calculateArea(int radius)
{
return(22/7)*radius*radius;
}
}
public class example
{
Public static void main(string args[])
{
Shape sh=new shape();
System.out.println(sh.calculateArea(10));
}
}

16. Inheritance
 In object-oriented programming, inheritance is the
concept that when a class of objects is define, any subclass
that is defined can inherit the definitions of one or more
general classes.
 This means for the programmer that an object in a subclass
need not carry its own definition of data and methods that
are generic to the class (or classes) of which it is a part.
 This not only speeds up program development; it also
ensures an inherent validity to the defined subclass object

17. Example
Public class shape
{
protected int width;
protected int height;
Int calculateArea()
{
Return x*y;
}
Public class dimensionshape extends shape
{
Private int depth;
Int calculateVolume()
{
Return width*height*depth;
}
}

18. End

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