This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts including objects, classes, data abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It defines objects as instances of classes that associate data structures with operators. Classes group similar objects and represent their properties as methods. Data abstraction and encapsulation hide internal details and protect data. Inheritance allows new classes to inherit properties from existing classes. Polymorphism gives operators different meanings depending on usage. The document was prepared by trainees as part of a mentoring program to teach these OOP concepts.

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OOP CONCEPTS

3. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

4. Object Oriented Programming(OOP)
• “object oriented programming is a programming
methodology that associates data structures with
a set of operators which act upon it.”

5. Features of OOP
1.Object
2.Class
3.Data Abstraction
4.Encapsulation
5.Inheritance
6.Polymorphism

6. OBJECT
• Object are the basic run-time entities in an object –oriented
system.
• Every object is associated with data and function which define
meaningful operations on that object.
• Object is a real world existing entity.
• Object is an instance of a particular class.

8. CLASS
• Classes are data types based on which objects are created.
• Objects with similar properties and methods are grouped
together to form a Class. Thus a Class represent a set of
individual objects.
• Characteristics of an object are represented in a class as
Properties.
• The actions that can be performed by objects becomes
functions of the class and is referred to as Methods.

9. DATA ABSTRACTION
• Data abstraction refers to, providing only essential information
to the outside world and hiding their background details.
• For example, a database system hides certain details of how
data is stored and created and maintained.

10. ENCAPSULATION
• Encapsulation is used for hide the code and data in a single unit
to protect the data from the outside the world. Class is the best
example of encapsulation.
• Encapsulate means to hide, so it is also called data hiding.
• You can think Encapsulation like a capsule (medicine tablet)
which hides medicine inside it . Encapsulation is wrapping, just
hiding properties and methods.

11. INHERITANCE
• One of the most useful aspects of object-oriented programming
is code reusability.
• As the name suggests Inheritance is the process of forming a
new class from an existing class that is from the existing class
called as base class, new class is formed called as derived class.

12. POLYMORPHISM
• The ability to use an operator or function in different ways in
other words giving different meaning or functions to the
operators or functions is called polymorphism.
• Poly refers to many. That is a single function or an operator
functioning in many ways different upon the usage is called
polymorphism.

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