This presentation introduces object-oriented programming (OOP). It discusses the hierarchy of programming paradigms, comparing procedural programming to OOP. The need for OOP is that it models real-world things better and promotes reusability. The main components of OOP discussed are classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction. Benefits of OOP include reusability, extensibility, and maintainability. The presentation concludes that OOP allows breaking problems into smaller pieces and facilitates upgrading systems from small to large.

1. OBJECT
ORIENTATED
PROGRAMMING
PRESENTATION DONE BY:
PANDEESWARI.K(19IT1036)

2. 1
2
4
INTRODUCTION TO OOPS
HIERACHY OF
PROGRAMMING
PARADIGMS
PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE
VS OBJECT-ORIENTATED
LANGUAGE
NEED OF OOPS
01
02
03 07
8CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
COMPONENTS OF OOPS
3
6
5
OOPS LANGUAGES
7 BENEFITS OF OOPS
8 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION TO OOPS
• The object-oriented paradigm is a programming methodology
that promotes the efficient design and development of software system
using reusable components
• It can be quickly and safely assembled into larger systems.
• The main aim of object-oriented programming is to implement real world
concepts like
Object -> real world entity
Classes ->Templates/ Blueprints
Abstraction -> Visibility Controls
Inheritance -> Backward
Compapatibilty ->parent child relation
Polymorphism ->Many forms

4. HIERARCHY OF PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS

5. PROCEDURAL VS OOPS

6. NEED OF OOPS
• It breaks down requirements into objects with responsibilities,
not into functional steps.
• Easier to Model Real things
• To make software projects more manageable and predictable
• For more re-use code and prevent ‘reinvention of wheel’ every
time

7. COMPONENTS OF OOPS

8. CLASSES AND OBJECTS
 A class is a group of objects which have
common properties.
 It is a template or
blueprint from which objects are
created.
 It is a logical entity.
 It is non primitive data type.
 It can't be physical(no memory space)
 Object is an Instance of a class
 Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an
object.
 For example a chair, pen, table,
keyboard, bike, etc.
 A object can be physical or
logical
.

9. Programming Representation Of a
Class and Object
//Defining a Student class.
class Student{
//defining fields
int id; //field or data member or instance variable
String name;
//creating main method inside the Student class
public static void main(String args[]){
//Creating an object or instance
Student s1=new Student();//creating an object of Student
//Printing values of the object
System.out.println(s1.id);//accessing member through
reference variable
System.out.println(s1.name);
}
}

10. INHERITANCE
 Inheritance is a mechanism in which one object acquires
all the properties and behaviors of a parent object.
 Inheritance represents the IS-A relationship which is also
known as a parent-child relationship.
 EXAMPLES:Animal is a Mammals , Reptiles or Birds.
 Sub Class/Child Class/drived/extended -> inherits from
other class
 Super Class/Parent Class/ Base class ->Superclass is
the class from where a subclass inherits features.
 Types Of inheritance:
-Single -> Class B -> Class A
- Multilevel -> Class C -> Class B -> Class A
- Hierarchical -> Class B -> Class A, Class C -> Class A
- Multiple -> Class C -> class A, Class C -> class B

11. Programming Representation of
Inheritance
Programming Representation of Inheritance
The syntax of Java Inheritance
class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name
{
//methods and fields
}
Example:
class Employee{
float salary=40000;
}
class Programmer extends Employee{
int bonus=10000;
public static void main(String args[]){
Programmer p=new Programmer();
System.out.println("Programmer salary is:"+p.salary);
System.out.println("Bonus of Programmer is:"+p.bonus);
}

12. Polymorphism
 If one task is performed by different ways, it
is known as polymorphism.
 For example: To convince the customer
differently, to draw something, like shape,
triangle, rectangle , a cat speaks meow, dog
barks woof, etc.
 Polymorphism present a method that
can have many definitions.
 Polymorphism is related to
- Overloading -> Compile
timepolymorphism/runtimepolymorphism
- Overriding -> Run time polymorphism/
Dynamic polymorphism
- Syntax
getPrice()
getPrice(string name)

13. Encapsulation
 Encapsulation is the integration of
data and operations into a class.
 Encapsulation is hiding the
functional details from the object
calling it.
Examples:
A capsule
So, how does acceleration work?
Huh?
Details encapsulated (hidden)
from the driver.

14. Abstraction
 Abstraction is basically hiding the
implementation and gain access to
there functionality by exposing by
extend keyword.
 An abstract class is a class that may
not have any direct
instances.
 An abstract operation is an operation
that it is incomplete and requires a child
to supply an implementation of the
operation.

15. ACCESS MODIFIERS

16. BENEFITS OF OOPS

17. CONCLUSION
 Thus using oops,we can develop the programs from
standard working modules that communicate with one
another, rather than having to start writing the code from
abrasion which leads to saving of development time and
advanced productivity.
 OOPs allow to break the program into bit-sized problems
that can be answered fluently (one object at a time).
 The new technology promises higher programmer
productivity, a better quality of software, and lower
conservation cost.
 The benefits of OOPs systems can be fluently upgraded
from small to large systems.
 It’s possible that multiple cases of objects co-occur
without any embarrassment.
 It’s actually easy to partition the work into a design
grounded on objects.

18. REFERENCES
 IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering
Terminology, ANSI/IEEE Std 729-1983, The Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 1983.
 Sametinger J. and Stritzinger A. A Documentation Scheme
for Object-Oriented Software Systems. OOPS Messenger,
1993.
 Stroustrup B.: The C++ Programming Language (Second
Edition), Addison-Wesley, 1991.
 Weinand A., Gamma E., Marty R.: Design and
Implementation of ET++, a Seamless Object-Oriented
Application Framework, Structured Programming,Vol. 10,
No.2, 1989.
 https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Objects/Object-
oriented_programming.
 http://sepwww.stanford.edu/public/docs/sep67/jon2/pap
er_html/node4.html

19. THANK
YOU!