This document discusses strategies for online teachers to establish an effective teaching presence. It defines teaching presence as consisting of three roles: instructional design and organization, facilitating discourse, and direct instruction. It also notes that merely putting students together online does not facilitate meaningful learning - teachers must use appropriate strategies. While positive teacher behaviors can motivate students, negative behaviors have a greater impact in demotivating students. The document recommends that teachers design courses effectively and clearly, create a functional and stimulating online community, manage time and timing flexibly, and know how to make themselves and others present through modeling, facilitating discussion, providing feedback, and challenging students.

1. Tips for Online Teachers: Making your presence felt or not By Khaison Duong Kristin Walters Penny Neuendorf

2. INTRODUCTION Constructivism Meaning via discussion and reflection, building own conclusion Community of Inquiry Teaching presence Social & cognitive presence

3. Defining Teachers’ Role Note. From “The good teacher is more than a lecturer - the 12 roles of the teacher” by Harden & Crosby 2000, Medical Teacher, 22(4), 334-347 .

4. Table 1. Roles of an Online Teacher Adapted from “ Assessing Teacher Presence in a Computer Conferencing Context” by Anderson et al., 2001, Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks , 5(2). Anderson et al. (2001) Berge (1995) Paulsen (1995) Mason (1991) Instructional design and organisation Managerial Organisational Organisational Facilitating Discourse Social Social Social Direct Instruction Pedagogical Intellectual Intellectual Technical

5. Instructional Design & Organisation Text based content PDF Word Doc Charts Files To DIGITAL FORMAT

6. Facilitating Discourse That is an interesting idea, did you think about the time that would take? I think teachers need to be online all the time to answer my questions

7. Direct Instruction

8. The effect of teaching presence “ What does it mean to have presence or to be effectively present?”

9. Issues “ despite the popularity of online discussion boards and chat rooms, there needs to be a realization that merely putting students together in an online group does not mean they will engage in meaningful collaborative inquiry”. appropriate pedagogical strategies are needed to facilitate meaningful engaging learning activities in online discussions.

10. Can teaching presence have a negative impact on learning? “ negative behaviours by teachers appeared to have more impact on student demotivation than positive teacher behaviours had on motivation”.

11. STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE TEACHING PRESENCE

12. Design effectively and clearly

13. Create a functional and stimulating community Create a ‘community’ Use various interaction patterns between students and between students and teacher

14. Time and timing Take advantage of momentum Be flexible with dates Honest and up-front details about time commitment

15. Know how to make yourself + others present Be a model Facilitate discussion – pose, respond to, redirect, comment on, refer to and manage learner contributions Challenge Provide feedback on strengths + weaknesses – be an ‘affirmer’

16. CONCLUSION