Oliver Holland - IEEE VTS UKRI - Energy efficiency challenges of data volume increases and the use of sleep modes facilitated by opportunistic cognitive radio networking as a solution
Oliver Holland from King's College London talks about energy efficiency challenges of data volume increases and the use of sleep modes facilitated by opportunistic cognitive radio networking as a solution
Keith Nolan - Use Of Cognitive Radio To Improve Spectrum Usage Efficiency And...Keith Nolan
Keith Nolan - spectrum, regulatory, technical and market issues surrounding the use of cognitive radio to improve spectrum usage efficiency and data capacity, IEEE VTS UKRI meeting, July 2012, Dublin, Ireland
An overview of cognitive radio, comparison of cognitive radio vs. conventional radio, real-world applications for cognitive radio networks, how cognitive radios improve spectrum efficiency and address the wireless spectrum shortage.
IoT Needs Good Neighbours - Cognitive Radio Turns Enemies into FriendsAMIHO Technology
With the internet of things the use of connected devices is predicted to be in many tens of billions. In this presentation, Steve Clarke discusses the use of various wireless technologies and techniques such as cognitive radio to allow these devices to co-exist in harmony with their (many) neighbours.
Steve Clarke, Technical Director of AMIHO, presented this paper at the prestigious Embedded World conference,Feb 2016.
Cognitive Radio (CR) is an adaptive, intelligent radio and network technology that can automatically detect available channels in a wireless spectrum and change transmission parameters enabling more communications to run concurrently and also improve radio operating behavior.
This document discusses cognitive radio in 5G networks. It begins with describing the evolution of mobile standards from 1G to 4G. It then introduces the concepts of 5G and cognitive radio. The key points are:
- 5G will provide very high data rates up to 1 Gbps and connect many more devices.
- Cognitive radio can improve spectrum efficiency by allowing unlicensed users to access licensed spectrum holes.
- The document proposes a cognitive radio based 5G network that can integrate various wireless technologies and help manage network complexity using cognitive radio's abilities.
Cognitive radio is a form of software-defined radio that can be used to address the spectrum crunch by detecting unused spectrum ("spectrum holes") and transmitting on those frequencies without interfering with the licensed users. It works by constantly sensing its operating environment and adapting its transmission parameters, such as frequency band or power level. This allows cognitive radios to opportunistically use vacant spectrum while avoiding occupied bands. Some challenges to the technology include developing specialized hardware, synchronization between devices, and preventing security vulnerabilities or false interference readings.
The document discusses spectrum usage and dynamic spectrum access. It notes that current spectrum policies result in inefficient usage, with some blocks saturated and others underused. Improved flexibility and regulation are needed. Context-aware applications and cross-layer optimization, including flexible spectrum use, could enhance service. Most discussions focus on cognitive radio and how it can intelligently manage radio systems and networks to better utilize spectrum.
Keith Nolan - Use Of Cognitive Radio To Improve Spectrum Usage Efficiency And...Keith Nolan
Keith Nolan - spectrum, regulatory, technical and market issues surrounding the use of cognitive radio to improve spectrum usage efficiency and data capacity, IEEE VTS UKRI meeting, July 2012, Dublin, Ireland
An overview of cognitive radio, comparison of cognitive radio vs. conventional radio, real-world applications for cognitive radio networks, how cognitive radios improve spectrum efficiency and address the wireless spectrum shortage.
IoT Needs Good Neighbours - Cognitive Radio Turns Enemies into FriendsAMIHO Technology
With the internet of things the use of connected devices is predicted to be in many tens of billions. In this presentation, Steve Clarke discusses the use of various wireless technologies and techniques such as cognitive radio to allow these devices to co-exist in harmony with their (many) neighbours.
Steve Clarke, Technical Director of AMIHO, presented this paper at the prestigious Embedded World conference,Feb 2016.
Cognitive Radio (CR) is an adaptive, intelligent radio and network technology that can automatically detect available channels in a wireless spectrum and change transmission parameters enabling more communications to run concurrently and also improve radio operating behavior.
This document discusses cognitive radio in 5G networks. It begins with describing the evolution of mobile standards from 1G to 4G. It then introduces the concepts of 5G and cognitive radio. The key points are:
- 5G will provide very high data rates up to 1 Gbps and connect many more devices.
- Cognitive radio can improve spectrum efficiency by allowing unlicensed users to access licensed spectrum holes.
- The document proposes a cognitive radio based 5G network that can integrate various wireless technologies and help manage network complexity using cognitive radio's abilities.
Cognitive radio is a form of software-defined radio that can be used to address the spectrum crunch by detecting unused spectrum ("spectrum holes") and transmitting on those frequencies without interfering with the licensed users. It works by constantly sensing its operating environment and adapting its transmission parameters, such as frequency band or power level. This allows cognitive radios to opportunistically use vacant spectrum while avoiding occupied bands. Some challenges to the technology include developing specialized hardware, synchronization between devices, and preventing security vulnerabilities or false interference readings.
The document discusses spectrum usage and dynamic spectrum access. It notes that current spectrum policies result in inefficient usage, with some blocks saturated and others underused. Improved flexibility and regulation are needed. Context-aware applications and cross-layer optimization, including flexible spectrum use, could enhance service. Most discussions focus on cognitive radio and how it can intelligently manage radio systems and networks to better utilize spectrum.
Cognitive Radio: When might it Become Economically and Technically Feasible? Jeffrey Funk
My Master's students use ideas from my (Jeff Funk) forthcoming book (Technology Change and the Rise of New Industries) to analyze the economic and technical feasibility of cognitive radio. See my other slides for details on concepts, methodology, and other new industries.
In this prentation cognitive radio is described, discussed
and compared with software defined radio (SDR). The two types
of cognitive radio are presented and examples on both spectrum
interweave and spectrum underlay cognitive radio antenna systems
are detailed. Reconfigurable filtennas are proposed as communicating
antennas in a MIMO setting for both cases of cognitive
radio. The benefits of resorting to filtennas as well as toMIMO
configuration is shown and discussed herein. The various antenna
examples are designed, tested and compared with each other. Conclusions
are drawn based on the presented results.
Cognitive radio networks allow for secondary users to access unused licensed frequencies, known as spectrum holes. The document discusses the history and introduction of cognitive radio, characteristics including cognitive capability, reconfigurable capability, and self-organized capability. It then covers cognitive radio networks architecture including infrastructure-based, ad-hoc, and mesh architectures. It also discusses security issues, attacks on cognitive networks, applications, cognition techniques, and future research directions such as seamless spectrum handovers and proactive spectrum selection and interference avoidance.
Cognitive radios are smart radios that can sense their environment and adjust their transmission parameters accordingly. They were first proposed in 1999 to more efficiently utilize limited radio spectrum. Cognitive radios operate in a cycle of spectrum sensing, decision, sharing, and mobility. They can access licensed spectrum as secondary users as long as they do not interfere with primary users. This allows for increased spectrum utilization. Cognitive radios have characteristics of cognitive capability, reconfigurability, and self-organization. They enable applications such as cognitive mesh networks and public safety networks through techniques like dynamic spectrum management.
Cognitive Radio : Emerging Business Toward an Efficiently Smart Era of ICTNurmaya Widuri
Cognitive Radio is a hot issue in wireless technology. This is ultimately new wave of how radio technolgy communicate through spectrum effeciency. Furthermore, this new big thing bring a new wave of future ICT business lanscape toward efficiently smart era of ICT.
The document discusses cognitive radio networks and dynamic spectrum allocation. It proposes a cognitive sensor network testbed approach using cross-layer analysis. The key functions of cognitive radio devices are sensing to detect spectrum availability, decision making on transmission parameters, spectrum sharing through coordination, and mobility to switch frequencies. The proposal involves a cross-layer protocol stack with interfaces for sensing, decision making, and coordinating media access across layers. Challenges in implementing this approach on wireless sensor networks include time response, bandwidth limits, and energy consumption.
NetSim Webinar on Cognitive Radio NetworksSANJAY ANAND
Why use a Network Simulator for research ?
Introduction to NetSim
Cognitive Radio Basics
Designing Cognitive Radio networks using NetSim
Modifying Cognitive Radio source C code in NetSim
How to develop custom metrics?
Q & A
The E3 project aims to design cognitive radio systems and gradually evolve wireless networks for increased efficiency. The project involves network operators, equipment manufacturers, regulators and academia. It focuses on using cognitive radio concepts like dynamic spectrum allocation and selection to flexibly use spectrum between operators. This allows systems like LTE-Advanced to potentially use opportunistic spectrum access. The project also examines reconfigurable base stations and terminals, cognition enablers like a cognitive pilot channel, and self-optimization of radio networks.
CR technology is based on the fact that the licensed systems (also named primary systems PS) are not always using their spectrum bands; CR brings new radio types—cognitive radios—that should firstly, identify the existing spectrum holes, and secondly, utilize them according to an access
The document discusses cognitive radio and its benefits. It defines cognitive radio as a radio that is aware of its surroundings and adapts intelligently. Cognitive radio provides a framework for devices to dynamically create links by sensing the environment, evaluating options, and implementing the best waveform. This allows for improved spectrum utilization and quality of service. Some applications of cognitive radio include extending mobile networks, emergency radio systems, and multi-technology phones.
Cognitive radio is an enhancement of software defined radio that allows radios to sense their environment and change operating parameters accordingly. It was first proposed in 1998 as a way to more efficiently utilize limited radio frequency spectrum. A cognitive radio can sense available portions of spectrum, then dynamically use those available channels while avoiding occupied ones. This allows for greater spectrum utilization and more flexible interoperability between different wireless technologies. However, cognitive radio also faces significant hardware and software challenges around dynamic reconfiguration, interference avoidance, and security that must be addressed for it to be fully realized.
Cognitive radio is an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its environment and can learn and adapt to better utilize available spectrum. It aims for highly reliable communication and efficient spectrum usage. Cognitive radios use radio scene analysis to detect spectrum holes by analyzing signals over time and space. They also estimate interference temperature using spectral estimation and adaptive beamforming. Transmit power control and dynamic spectrum management allow cognitive radios to opportunistically access spectrum holes while avoiding interference. Future work may focus on language understanding, MIMO techniques, and nanoscale processing to improve cognitive radio capabilities.
NetSim(http://www.tetcos.com/ ) Simulator provide Cognative Radio network
follow this link for more Details
http://www.tetcos.com/
Cognitive radio (CR) is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones
The document provides an overview of cognitive radio networks and spectrum sharing. It discusses how cognitive radio allows for opportunistic and adaptive usage of spectrum. It defines primary and secondary users and describes the cognitive radio network architecture. It then covers spectrum sensing, management, mobility and sharing in cognitive radio systems. Game theory approaches to modeling spectrum sharing are also summarized.
This document discusses using cognitive radio networks to enable smart grid applications. It begins by introducing smart grids and their need to overcome challenges in aging infrastructure and growing energy demands. It then discusses cognitive radio networks, which can opportunistically access licensed spectrum without interfering with licensed users. The document outlines the key components of cognitive radio networks and smart grids, and proposes using cognitive radio networks to enable smart grid applications at the home area network, neighborhood area network, and wide area network levels. Specifically, it suggests cognitive radio technologies could manage spectrum sharing among smart meters and grid components to improve efficiency and flexibility of smart grid operations.
This document discusses cognitive radio networks (CR). CR networks are defined as networks that are aware of their surroundings and can dynamically reconfigure their characteristics. The document outlines topics that will be discussed including CR antennas, mechanisms, accessibility, adaptivity, scalability, reliability and interconnectivity. It provides examples of how CR networks improve these qualities and can sense spectrum usage, analyze it, decide on parameters, and tune transmissions accordingly using reconfigurable antennas. The document compares CRs to conventional radios and outlines benefits of CRs such as functioning in challenging conditions and identifying unused spectrum. It mentions xG Technology developed CR network technology called xMax.
This document provides a summary of a term paper on cognitive radio. It discusses key topics such as what cognitive radio is, its advantages over static spectrum allocation, key drivers for cognitive radio like dynamic spectrum access and cognitive radio networks, challenges to deployment including legal hurdles, security issues, and technology hurdles related to spectrum sensing. Promising applications of cognitive radio mentioned include emergency services, low cost internet access, and new services enabled by intelligent radio-based advertising.
Brendan Finn - Using ITS to achieve the potential for public transportKeith Nolan
Using ITS to achieve the potential of public transport, this document discusses how intelligent transportation systems can help address capacity constraints for high-volume bus rapid transit systems. It focuses on three key areas: vehicle throughput at stations, vehicle throughput at junctions, and passenger throughput at stations. Dynamic operations management using technologies like automatic vehicle location and precision docking could help increase capacity by managing vehicle access and assigning slots along the route.
Inaugural IEEE VTS UKRI chapter meeting and presentations | Keith NolanKeith Nolan
This document summarizes the formation of a new chapter of the Vehicular Technology Society (VTS) to serve over 130 members in the UK and Ireland section of IEEE. The VTS comprises engineers working in transportation technologies. Key goals of the new chapter include providing speakers and presentations, networking opportunities, and representing member initiatives. It must hold at least two meetings per year in various formats. This inaugural meeting included presentations on lithium batteries, electric vehicles, interfaces, wireless sensors, public transport, and printed solar arrays. Next steps discussed were to define the chapter structure and officers, encourage membership, develop a website, and propose plans for the next meeting.
Cognitive Radio: When might it Become Economically and Technically Feasible? Jeffrey Funk
My Master's students use ideas from my (Jeff Funk) forthcoming book (Technology Change and the Rise of New Industries) to analyze the economic and technical feasibility of cognitive radio. See my other slides for details on concepts, methodology, and other new industries.
In this prentation cognitive radio is described, discussed
and compared with software defined radio (SDR). The two types
of cognitive radio are presented and examples on both spectrum
interweave and spectrum underlay cognitive radio antenna systems
are detailed. Reconfigurable filtennas are proposed as communicating
antennas in a MIMO setting for both cases of cognitive
radio. The benefits of resorting to filtennas as well as toMIMO
configuration is shown and discussed herein. The various antenna
examples are designed, tested and compared with each other. Conclusions
are drawn based on the presented results.
Cognitive radio networks allow for secondary users to access unused licensed frequencies, known as spectrum holes. The document discusses the history and introduction of cognitive radio, characteristics including cognitive capability, reconfigurable capability, and self-organized capability. It then covers cognitive radio networks architecture including infrastructure-based, ad-hoc, and mesh architectures. It also discusses security issues, attacks on cognitive networks, applications, cognition techniques, and future research directions such as seamless spectrum handovers and proactive spectrum selection and interference avoidance.
Cognitive radios are smart radios that can sense their environment and adjust their transmission parameters accordingly. They were first proposed in 1999 to more efficiently utilize limited radio spectrum. Cognitive radios operate in a cycle of spectrum sensing, decision, sharing, and mobility. They can access licensed spectrum as secondary users as long as they do not interfere with primary users. This allows for increased spectrum utilization. Cognitive radios have characteristics of cognitive capability, reconfigurability, and self-organization. They enable applications such as cognitive mesh networks and public safety networks through techniques like dynamic spectrum management.
Cognitive Radio : Emerging Business Toward an Efficiently Smart Era of ICTNurmaya Widuri
Cognitive Radio is a hot issue in wireless technology. This is ultimately new wave of how radio technolgy communicate through spectrum effeciency. Furthermore, this new big thing bring a new wave of future ICT business lanscape toward efficiently smart era of ICT.
The document discusses cognitive radio networks and dynamic spectrum allocation. It proposes a cognitive sensor network testbed approach using cross-layer analysis. The key functions of cognitive radio devices are sensing to detect spectrum availability, decision making on transmission parameters, spectrum sharing through coordination, and mobility to switch frequencies. The proposal involves a cross-layer protocol stack with interfaces for sensing, decision making, and coordinating media access across layers. Challenges in implementing this approach on wireless sensor networks include time response, bandwidth limits, and energy consumption.
NetSim Webinar on Cognitive Radio NetworksSANJAY ANAND
Why use a Network Simulator for research ?
Introduction to NetSim
Cognitive Radio Basics
Designing Cognitive Radio networks using NetSim
Modifying Cognitive Radio source C code in NetSim
How to develop custom metrics?
Q & A
The E3 project aims to design cognitive radio systems and gradually evolve wireless networks for increased efficiency. The project involves network operators, equipment manufacturers, regulators and academia. It focuses on using cognitive radio concepts like dynamic spectrum allocation and selection to flexibly use spectrum between operators. This allows systems like LTE-Advanced to potentially use opportunistic spectrum access. The project also examines reconfigurable base stations and terminals, cognition enablers like a cognitive pilot channel, and self-optimization of radio networks.
CR technology is based on the fact that the licensed systems (also named primary systems PS) are not always using their spectrum bands; CR brings new radio types—cognitive radios—that should firstly, identify the existing spectrum holes, and secondly, utilize them according to an access
The document discusses cognitive radio and its benefits. It defines cognitive radio as a radio that is aware of its surroundings and adapts intelligently. Cognitive radio provides a framework for devices to dynamically create links by sensing the environment, evaluating options, and implementing the best waveform. This allows for improved spectrum utilization and quality of service. Some applications of cognitive radio include extending mobile networks, emergency radio systems, and multi-technology phones.
Cognitive radio is an enhancement of software defined radio that allows radios to sense their environment and change operating parameters accordingly. It was first proposed in 1998 as a way to more efficiently utilize limited radio frequency spectrum. A cognitive radio can sense available portions of spectrum, then dynamically use those available channels while avoiding occupied ones. This allows for greater spectrum utilization and more flexible interoperability between different wireless technologies. However, cognitive radio also faces significant hardware and software challenges around dynamic reconfiguration, interference avoidance, and security that must be addressed for it to be fully realized.
Cognitive radio is an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its environment and can learn and adapt to better utilize available spectrum. It aims for highly reliable communication and efficient spectrum usage. Cognitive radios use radio scene analysis to detect spectrum holes by analyzing signals over time and space. They also estimate interference temperature using spectral estimation and adaptive beamforming. Transmit power control and dynamic spectrum management allow cognitive radios to opportunistically access spectrum holes while avoiding interference. Future work may focus on language understanding, MIMO techniques, and nanoscale processing to improve cognitive radio capabilities.
NetSim(http://www.tetcos.com/ ) Simulator provide Cognative Radio network
follow this link for more Details
http://www.tetcos.com/
Cognitive radio (CR) is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones
The document provides an overview of cognitive radio networks and spectrum sharing. It discusses how cognitive radio allows for opportunistic and adaptive usage of spectrum. It defines primary and secondary users and describes the cognitive radio network architecture. It then covers spectrum sensing, management, mobility and sharing in cognitive radio systems. Game theory approaches to modeling spectrum sharing are also summarized.
This document discusses using cognitive radio networks to enable smart grid applications. It begins by introducing smart grids and their need to overcome challenges in aging infrastructure and growing energy demands. It then discusses cognitive radio networks, which can opportunistically access licensed spectrum without interfering with licensed users. The document outlines the key components of cognitive radio networks and smart grids, and proposes using cognitive radio networks to enable smart grid applications at the home area network, neighborhood area network, and wide area network levels. Specifically, it suggests cognitive radio technologies could manage spectrum sharing among smart meters and grid components to improve efficiency and flexibility of smart grid operations.
This document discusses cognitive radio networks (CR). CR networks are defined as networks that are aware of their surroundings and can dynamically reconfigure their characteristics. The document outlines topics that will be discussed including CR antennas, mechanisms, accessibility, adaptivity, scalability, reliability and interconnectivity. It provides examples of how CR networks improve these qualities and can sense spectrum usage, analyze it, decide on parameters, and tune transmissions accordingly using reconfigurable antennas. The document compares CRs to conventional radios and outlines benefits of CRs such as functioning in challenging conditions and identifying unused spectrum. It mentions xG Technology developed CR network technology called xMax.
This document provides a summary of a term paper on cognitive radio. It discusses key topics such as what cognitive radio is, its advantages over static spectrum allocation, key drivers for cognitive radio like dynamic spectrum access and cognitive radio networks, challenges to deployment including legal hurdles, security issues, and technology hurdles related to spectrum sensing. Promising applications of cognitive radio mentioned include emergency services, low cost internet access, and new services enabled by intelligent radio-based advertising.
Brendan Finn - Using ITS to achieve the potential for public transportKeith Nolan
Using ITS to achieve the potential of public transport, this document discusses how intelligent transportation systems can help address capacity constraints for high-volume bus rapid transit systems. It focuses on three key areas: vehicle throughput at stations, vehicle throughput at junctions, and passenger throughput at stations. Dynamic operations management using technologies like automatic vehicle location and precision docking could help increase capacity by managing vehicle access and assigning slots along the route.
Inaugural IEEE VTS UKRI chapter meeting and presentations | Keith NolanKeith Nolan
This document summarizes the formation of a new chapter of the Vehicular Technology Society (VTS) to serve over 130 members in the UK and Ireland section of IEEE. The VTS comprises engineers working in transportation technologies. Key goals of the new chapter include providing speakers and presentations, networking opportunities, and representing member initiatives. It must hold at least two meetings per year in various formats. This inaugural meeting included presentations on lithium batteries, electric vehicles, interfaces, wireless sensors, public transport, and printed solar arrays. Next steps discussed were to define the chapter structure and officers, encourage membership, develop a website, and propose plans for the next meeting.
Frazer McKimm - DHS - High Performance Digital InterfacesKeith Nolan
Map navigation is a vital part of electric vehicle energy management as it helps overcome range anxiety and aids in charge point management, posing challenges for users and fleet operators. DHS has focused its electric vehicle interaction research on map navigation to address these issues.
Liana Cipcigan - Grid Integration of Electric VehiclesKeith Nolan
This document summarizes research into the grid integration of electric vehicles. The research team aims to analyze how many EVs there may be, when and where they will charge, and evaluate infrastructure challenges and options for managing EV load. Experimental work and framework development will validate algorithms for intelligent charging and synergies with smart grids. An integrated model looks at automotive R&D, social impacts, electricity markets and intelligent infrastructure. The team analyzes impacts of EV penetration on distribution and generation systems using UK and Spanish case studies for 2030. Uncontrolled EV charging could increase peak demand significantly but controlled approaches may reduce impacts.
The document discusses the formation and purpose of an IEEE Vehicular Technology Society (VTS) chapter for the UK and Republic of Ireland region. A VTS chapter requires at least 12 supporting signatures from VTS members in the geographic area. It facilitates collaboration and events to connect members interested in mobile communications, land transportation, and vehicular electrotechnology. The UKRI VTS chapter aims to serve members through meetings with speakers, networking, and promoting members' work.
- The document discusses paradigm shifts in turbo processing from point-to-point to network-based approaches, considering Slepian-Wolf and CEO problem viewpoints. It proposes a spatial turbo code approach using vertical iterations between MIMO equalization and decoding to improve performance. The approach is shown to provide coding gain over turbo codes alone. Correlated sources are also modeled and the performance with correlation is evaluated.
This document discusses a paradigm shift in wireless sensor network design from peer-to-peer to network-based approaches using the CEO problem framework. It proposes a wireless sensor network model where sensors observe noisy versions of a random source and transmit to a fusion center. An iterative algorithm is introduced to estimate the observation error probabilities at each sensor and update log-likelihood ratios for decoding. Simulation results show the estimated probabilities achieve near-optimal performance and the algorithm works well even when probabilities vary. Some open questions remain around multiple access techniques, source-channel separation, deriving rate-distortion bounds, and short block length cases.
This document contains biographical information about Tad Matsumoto and describes his work on single carrier signaling and MIMO equalization. It discusses how single carrier signaling is impacted by multipath propagation and how the number of signal points increases exponentially with more multipath components. It then presents Matsumoto's 2002 equation for a block-wise time domain MIMO equalizer, noting its computational complexity is dominated by matrix inversion. The document concludes by describing Matsumoto's 2005 equation for a frequency domain equalizer, which has complexity at a logarithmic order of the frame length and is independent of the path number.
Yvonne Hübner - Electric vehicle and infrastructure trials in the north east ...Keith Nolan
The document summarizes an electric vehicle and infrastructure trial conducted in the North East of England. It installed over 1,300 charging points with public and private access as part of a £7.8 million government-funded program. Data was collected from over 7,000 vehicle trips covering 65,000 km to analyze driver behavior, vehicle range, and energy use. Key findings included that drivers overestimated typical trip lengths, charging mostly occurred overnight, and vehicle acceleration and top speeds met drivers' expectations. While drivers enjoyed electric vehicles, high purchase costs remain a barrier to widespread adoption.
Dirk Pesch - Networked systems research at NIMBUS (Cork Institute of Technology)Keith Nolan
The document discusses research at Nimbus Centre for Networked Embedded Systems on wireless sensor networks and vehicular ad-hoc networks. Key areas covered include indoor wireless network design and localization for sensor applications, and protocol design like RVG for reliable broadcasting in vehicular networks for road safety. Future work aims to integrate building energy management with electric vehicle charging.
The Connaught Automotive Research (CAR) Group was established in 2005 and is located at the National University of Ireland, Galway. The CAR Group conducts research in automotive image processing, signal processing, and embedded systems. It has partnerships with Valeo and Intel to fund PhD researchers working on projects involving real-time pedestrian detection, distance determination, and automotive image quality assessment. The CAR Group fills an industry need and aims to continue collaborating with automotive partners like Valeo.
Celia Chambers - Northern Ireland plugged in places projectKeith Nolan
Northern Ireland is undertaking a 'Plugged In Places' electric vehicle charging infrastructure pilot project from 2011-2013. The project will install 121 standard public charge posts, 5 rapid charge posts, up to 127 workplace chargers, and up to 634 home chargers. It aims to reduce emissions and align with government renewable energy and air quality targets. A consortium of government agencies and private companies will implement the two-year project to help introduce electric vehicles into Northern Ireland.
Senan McGrath - The ESB ecar Ireland projectKeith Nolan
The document discusses Ireland's plans to promote electric vehicles (EVs) by 2020, including having 10% of vehicles be electric. It outlines Ireland's targets to reduce CO2 emissions and increase renewable energy sources. It also describes the ESB's plans to build a national charging infrastructure network with over 1500 charge points and 30 fast chargers. Technical issues around standardization, safety, and smart charging functionality are also discussed.
This document discusses dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and their potential role in powering electric vehicles. It provides details on DSSC structure, operation, and advantages over silicon solar cells, including maintaining efficiency in diffuse light and wide acceptance angles. The document then outlines the SMARTOP project which aims to develop a modular smart roof integrating lightweight, low-cost solar panels to recharge batteries and power onboard devices for vehicles. It lists the work packages and partners involved. Key specifications for the DSSC subsystem are outlined, including requirements for performance under various lighting conditions, temperature and UV resistance, weight and size limits. Dimensions for the DEMO#1 design are also provided. In closing, the document
David Goodman - IEEE VTS UKRI - Can cellular networks keep up with the growth...Keith Nolan
This document summarizes David Goodman's presentation on addressing the cellular data crisis. The presentation covered:
1) Explosive growth in mobile data usage and the inability of current pricing models to keep up with demand.
2) Technological approaches being taken by the industry to increase network capacity, such as small cell deployment, new spectrum auctions, and video compression.
3) Research at NYU Wireless, including developing techniques for cell selection using opportunistic backhaul, fast handover between small cells, and millimeter wave communications.
Robert Evans - Overview of midlands PiP projectKeith Nolan
The document provides an overview of the Midlands Plugged in Places (PiP) project. It discusses:
- Cenex's role in managing the Midlands PiP project jointly with Central Technology Belt to develop the electric vehicle market through installing over 500 public and 200 domestic charge points across the East and West Midlands.
- The project aims to facilitate inter-regional EV travel between PiPs and other regions by developing a quick charger network at transport hubs.
- Progress to date includes establishing procurement frameworks, initial marketing efforts, and 30 installation projects in the pipeline, while addressing strategic challenges around communication, program structure, and measuring success.
The document discusses ensuring reliable networks for mobility applications. It covers the following key points:
1) Safety is becoming ubiquitous across various industries like automotive, aviation, manufacturing due to increasing use of electronics.
2) The company provides solutions for safety-critical applications across industries like aerospace, automotive, off-highway vehicles based on its time-triggered technology.
3) Example projects include providing networking solutions for Boeing 787 Dreamliner and NASA Orion spacecraft.
James Rohan - Electric vehicle battery systemsKeith Nolan
This document discusses materials used in lithium ion batteries. It describes how lithium is a good material for batteries due to its light weight and ability to provide large voltage gains. It also discusses various cathode and anode materials used in lithium ion batteries like lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and carbon. The document outlines challenges for lithium ion batteries like improving energy density, power output, cycle life, safety and cost and suggests that addressing these challenges will require new materials and structuring.
Oliver Holland IEEE VTS UKRI Chapter meeting Introduction - July 2012, Dublin...Keith Nolan
Oliver Holland introduces the July 2012 meeting of IEEE VTS UKRI, which was held at CTVR / The Telecommunications Research Center at Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
Oliver Holland IEEE VTS UKRI Chapter meeting Introduction - July 2012, Dublin...
Similar to Oliver Holland - IEEE VTS UKRI - Energy efficiency challenges of data volume increases and the use of sleep modes facilitated by opportunistic cognitive radio networking as a solution
An Adaptive Energy Efficient Reliable Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Ne...IDES Editor
A reliable routing protocol for wireless sensor
networks (WSN) should be capable of adjusting to
constantly varying network conditions while conserving
maximum power. Existing Routing protocols provide
reliability at the cost of high energy consumption. In this
paper, we propose to develop an Adaptive Energy Efficient
Reliable Routing Protocol (AEERRP) with the aim of
keeping the energy consumption low while achieving high
reliability. In our proposed protocol, the data forwarding
probability is adaptively adjusted based on the measured
loss conditions at the sink. So only for high loss rates, a node
makes use of high transmission power to arrive at the sink.
Whenever the loss rate is low, it adaptively lessens the
transmission power. Since the source rebroadcasts the data,
until the packet loss is minimized, high data reliability is
achieved. By simulation results we show that the proposed
protocol achieves high reliability while ensuring low energy
consumption and overhead.
The document summarizes a student's M. Tech thesis project on improving routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. It begins with an objective to develop a hybrid routing protocol combining features of PEGASIS and LEACH to increase network lifetime. It then reviews related work on routing protocols and energy efficiency. The proposed methodology describes a hybrid protocol that selects cluster heads probabilistically like LEACH while forming chains to route data like PEGASIS. Simulation results show the hybrid protocol increases network lifetime to over 2000 rounds compared to 2000 rounds for previous work. The conclusion is that lower cluster head election probabilities in the hybrid protocol extend network lifetime. Future work could analyze different network parameters.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using sink mobility to maximize the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. The paper introduces wireless sensor networks and describes the existing problem of energy-inefficient routing. It then proposes a solution that involves moving the sink node to different locations to reduce energy consumption. The framework creates alternative paths using AODV routing when nodes have low energy. Results show improved network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, and lower bit error rate compared to stationary sink approaches. Future work may extend the approach to networks with moving sensor nodes.
This document discusses performance evaluation of sensor node scalability using a reactive modified I-LEACH protocol. It begins with an abstract that introduces the challenges of wireless sensor networks including limited power, computing, and storage capacity of sensor nodes. It then reviews related work on improving the LEACH protocol. The paper aims to increase network lifetime by using a reactive I-LEACH protocol and compares its performance to LEACH and I-LEACH based on power usage and lifetime. It finds that the proposed technique shows more effective results, even with increased node scalability.
Maximizing the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sink in Delay...ambitlick
This document proposes a framework to maximize the lifetime of wireless sensor networks by using a mobile sink when applications tolerate delayed data delivery to the sink. The framework formulates optimization problems to find routing and sink schedules that maximize lifetime subject to delay, energy, and flow constraints. Computational experiments show the proposed approach significantly increases lifetime compared to stationary and traditional mobile sink models. The delay tolerance is also shown to not impact the maximum achievable lifetime.
Free-Space Optical Networking Using the Spectrum of Visible LightIJTET Journal
Radio frequency technology suffers from limited bandwidth and electromagnetic interference. The recent
developments in solid-state Light Emitting Diode (LED) materials and devices are driving resurgence into the use of Free-Space Optical (FSO) wireless communication. LED-based network transceivers have a variety of competitive advantages over RF
including high bandwidth density, security, energy consumption, and aesthetics. They also use a highly reusable unregulated part of the spectrum (visible light). Many opportunities exist to exploit low-cost nature of LEDs and lighting units for widespread deployment of optical communication. The prime focus is to reducing cost, and for that, we have to make appropriate selection
of system’s components, e.g. modulation, coding, filtering. The objective is to describe the viability of an optical free-space visible light transceiver as a basis for indoor wireless networking and to achieve acceptable bit error rate (BER) performance for indoor use, with a low cost system.
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networkiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document provides an overview of hierarchical energy protocols in wireless sensor networks. It discusses several key protocols including LEACH, PEGASIS, TEEN, and APTEEN. LEACH is described as a clustered-based protocol that randomly selects cluster heads to help distribute the energy load. PEGASIS is presented as an improvement on LEACH that forms chains between sensor nodes to help reduce energy usage. TEEN is a reactive protocol designed for time-critical applications, using hard and soft thresholds to reduce transmissions. Finally, APTEEN is summarized as an extension of TEEN that aims to support both periodic data collection and responding to important events.
An Energy Efficient Protocol To Increase Network Life In WSNIOSR Journals
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Energy Efficient Enhancement of TDEEC Wireless Sensors Network Protocol Based...chokrio
Radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor networks are two important wireless technologies which have a wide variety of applications in current and in future systems. By integration of these technologies, it is
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energy consumption across all nodes is very important to prevent the death of those nodes and thereafter increase the lifetime of the network .The most part of the network energy is consumed in the localization and in the communication stages, when nodes are sending HELLO packet, this energy can be recovered by implementing a passive RFID circuit in each node. This approach extends the network lifetime and increase the number of packet messages sent to the base station. Computer simulation in MATLAB with different scenarios comparison shows that the proposed method presents an efficient solution to enhance the energy network performance.
An Efficient Approach for Data Gathering and Sharing with Inter Node Communi...cscpconf
In today’s era Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a solution for a wide range of
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algorithm is divided into seven parts: Registration Phase, Authentication Phase, Request and Reply Phase,
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access the data from the node which is not in the list, by sharing the data from the node which is
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The document discusses mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). It provides an introduction to MANETs and their history. It describes different routing protocols for MANETs including reactive, proactive, and hybrid protocols. It discusses some problems with MANETs and applications of MANETs such as for business meetings. It proposes a solution for secure data transmission in MANETs and concludes with a comparison of MANET routing protocols.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Energy Minimization in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Multi Hop TransmissionIOSR Journals
This document discusses energy minimization in wireless sensor networks using multi-hop transmissions. It provides background on wireless sensor networks and their components. It then discusses challenges like limited energy and the need for multi-hop transmissions due to limited transmission range. The document outlines the problem of determining the optimal number of cooperating nodes per hop to minimize total energy consumption while meeting an outage probability requirement at each hop. It discusses using cooperative transmissions to increase transmission range through diversity gain while keeping transmit power fixed.
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Oliver Holland - IEEE VTS UKRI - Energy efficiency challenges of data volume increases and the use of sleep modes facilitated by opportunistic cognitive radio networking as a solution
1. Energy Efficiency Challenges of
Data Volume Increases, and the use
of Sleep Modes facilitated by
Opportunistic Cognitive Radio
Networking as a Solution
Oliver Holland
King’s College London, UK
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
2. Overview
• Energy consumption Implications of data volume
increases
• Opportunistic networking using cognitive radio to
facilitate sleep modes for radio network equipment
– Scenarios
– Example mechanism facilitating awareness
– Some example results
• Conclusion and future considerations
2
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
3. Implications for energy consumption
• How do we maintain this same expectation?
illustration courtesy
of IEEE Spectrum
3
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
4. Implications for energy consumption
• Three ways to increase capacity (with fixed spectrum)
– Achieve better link performance (closer to Shannon limit)
– Increase Tx power
– Increase density of frequency reuse
Capacity
4
SINR
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
5. Implications for energy consumption
• Increase density of
frequency reuse
– Far smaller cells
– Lower power per cell
consumption and better
able to take advantage
of environment (e.g.,
propagation), BUT
– Latent energy
consumption an issue;
still very low Tx-to-input
power efficiency
5
ICT-EARTH D2.3
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
6. Implications for energy consumption
• Increase density of frequency reuse
– Far smaller cells—embodied energy
smaller
cells
6
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
7. Implications for energy consumption
• Embodied energy
7
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
8. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• So what can we do?
• Opportunistic cognitive radio connectivity/networking
– To minimise number of network elements that are active at any one
point in time through facilitating sleep modes
– To minimise the number that are deployed in first place
– Achieved by awareness through cognitive radio of what is deployed
and available (connectivity options)
– Awareness/prediction through cognitive radio of what has happened
and will happen in the future (user mobility affecting availability of
connectivity options, traffic variations, traffic requirements, etc.)
– Planning for connectivity options based on all this awareness 8
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
9. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• Opportunistic peer-to-peer to
reduce necessary transmission
?
power and number of
transmissions, given awareness of
the end-node being in the vicinity
and with a good channel
9
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
10. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• Opportunistic usage of a more power
efficient or better channel
?
connectivity means given awareness
of the connectivity means existing
10
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
11. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• Transmission of delay-tolerant traffic at a more appropriate
time based on mobility
?
11
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
12. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• “Store-carry-forward” for delay-tolerant traffic; facilitating the
powering down of network elements (e.g., reducing necessary
cell density) by transmitting at a more appropriate time.
12
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
13. Opportunistic Networking Using
Cognitive Radio to Save Energy
• Network elements shutdown when p2p connectivity is
sufficient
13
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
14. Awareness of Opportunistic
Networking Using IEEE 1900.6
S = Sensor
INow even Ifwhichof IEEE of can connect with ‘Q’
can I knowhis a fair idea I cognitive radio
ILet’s check with things!
wonder lots devices
Great! have serial is ‘B’ CE = Cognitive Engine
ad-hocin he theknowpossibilities (e.g., at location ‘T’,
network theisThere isbymight are devices
Also, wait!area that I ‘O’ network routes
are networking that ‘S’
But I now more! ‘R’, a
1900.6, location also
then at
But there’s hostedThatthere DA = Data Archive
andDA in thiscommunicate ‘J’ found atthe RATs and
‘U’type ofto location ‘V’. can over
transmitting 1900.6‘E’ and ‘F’ all
autocorrelation function I know
device at RATs
communication capabilities
prospective link
be able device, which I
location ‘C’ looks is a RAT ‘P’, e.g.,
system. Bet This is I lot
subsystem there
with throughand like am
multiple hops)ofthelocation ‘C’, and I am at given
somewhere near use this associate in
link capabilities whichone knowledge with
connect to! can
collaboration withthere! devices myits
ableinformation duration between
of
locations, andto… other that to to expected future
connected can at
due to the time match of
connection option with
opportunistic formation those
communicate
devicesfindnetworksconnect capable
“cognitive out
Let’s could
peaks. Ior ‘C’ alsolinks?
location form
autonomouslyradio” such Inetworks thatof
traffic capabilities andas am with
mobility, etc
RATs ‘E’ and ‘F’ CE/DA
Over S-S Interface (e.g., collaborative sensing scenario)
I am ‘A’ type of sensor with ‘B’ serial number
Request
My location is ‘C’
Device 1 I have detected RATs ‘D’, ‘E’ and ‘F’ at ‘G’, ‘H’, and ‘I’ frequency Device 2
(S and CE embedded) I have found ‘J’ signal autocorrelation function at ‘K’ frequency (S embedded)
14
(Perhaps future addition) I have ‘L’, ‘M’, ‘N’ radio configuration capability
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
15. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Opportunistic usage of Wi-Fi access points (including in TV white space!) to
enable power saving modes for cellular network equipment (powering down cells
where possible and sectorization switching—20% Wi-Fi access point deployment)
15
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
16. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Opportunistic usage of Wi-Fi access points (including in TV white space!) to
enable power saving modes for cellular network equipment (powering down cells
where possible and sectorization switching—5% Wi-Fi access point deployment)
16
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
17. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Results on previous slides obtained through simulations using following coverage
analyses as basis: S. Kawade and M. Nekovee, “Broadband wireless delivery using
an inside-out TV white space network architecture,” IEEE Globecom 2011
• Further detail can be obtained in A. Aijaz, O. Holland, P. Pangalos, H. Aghvami, H.
Bogucka, “Energy Savings for Mobile Communication Networks through Dynamic
Spectrum and Traffic Load Management,” to appear in Green Communications:
Theoretical Fundamentals, Algorithms and Applications, CRC Press, 2012
• Further related work has been presented in ICC 2012: A. Aijaz, O. Holland, P.
Pangalos, and H. Aghvami, “Energy Savings for Cellular Access Network through
17
Wi-Fi Offloading”
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
18. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Mix of FTP, HTTP and video streaming traffic, 15%, 45% and 40% respectively
…
…
18
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
19. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Opportunistic reallocation between frequency bands/networks to enable power
saving modes (base station powering down and sectorization switching)
• Can also extend to network-side reconfiguration decisions
(power consumption
model similar to macro
case on slide 5)
19
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
20. Example: Offload to Wi-Fi enabling
Cellular Power Saving Modes
• Using cognition on the
network side (fuzzy cognitive
maps) to learn about traffic
variations on make decisions
on power saving modes
• Cumulative energy
consumption and blocking
rate 20
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
21. Conclusion
• Big energy consumption issues caused by data volume increases
– Capacity provision ultimately will require greater frequency reuse and smaller
cells (under assumption of the same spectrum)
– Presents energy issues, both operational and embodied
• Presented opportunistic cognitive radio networking as a means to
save energy by facilitating power saving modes
• Discussed various scenarios in which such solutions might apply
• Shown performance examples indicating very significant savings
• Future prospects
– “Green communications” research has to consider from-the-socket power
rather than just minimising transmission power (is beginning to happen to
some extent) as well as embodied energy (hardly considered thus far)
– Solution such as presented here help address/consider both such issues 21
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
22. References
[1] O. Holland, T. Dodgson, A. H. Aghvami., and H. Bogucka, “Intra-Operator Dynamic Spectrum
Management for Energy Efficiency,” IEEE Communications Magazine, to appear
[2] O. Holland, O. Cabral, F. Velez, A. Aijaz, P. Pangalos and A. H. Aghvami, “Opportunistic Load and
Spectrum Management for Mobile Communications Energy Efficiency,” IEEE PIMRC 2011, Toronto,
Canada, Sept. 2011
[3] O. Holland, C. Facchini, A. H. Aghvami, O. Cabral, and F. Velez, “Opportunistic Spectrum and Load
Management for Green Radio,” chapter appearing in: E. Hossein, V. Bhargava, G. Fettweis, 2011,
Green Radio Communication Networks, Cambridge University Press, 2011
[4] O. Holland, Vasilis Friderikos, A. H. Aghvami, “Green Spectrum Management for Mobile Operators,”
IEEE Globecom, Miami, FL, USA, December 2010
[5] O. Holland et al., “Intra-Operator Spectrum Sharing Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Throughput
Enhancement,” CogART 2010, Rome, Italy, November 2010 (invited paper)
[6] A. Aijaz, O. Holland, P. Pangalos, A.H. Aghvami, “Energy Savings for Cellular Access Network
through Wi-Fi Offloading,” IEEE ICC 2012, Ottawa, ON, Canada, June 2012
[7] A. Aijaz, O. Holland, P. Pangalos, H. Aghvami, H. Bogucka, “Energy Savings for Mobile
Communication Networks through Dynamic Spectrum and Traffic Load Management,” appearing in
Green Communications: Theoretical Fundamentals, Algorithms, and Applications, Auerbach
Publications, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
[8] C. Facchini, O. Holland, F. Granelli, N. Fonseca, A. H. Aghvami, “Dynamic Green Self-Configuration
of 3G Base Stations using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps,” submitted to Elsevier Computer Networks 22
IEEE VTS-UKRI Dublin Meeting
26 July 2012
23. Acknowledgement
• This work has been supported by the ICT-
ACROPOLIS Network of Excellence, www.ict-
acropolis.eu, FP7 project number 257626
23
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26 July 2012