Oil burner servicing, combustion efficiency testing cbt 2

Oil Burner Servicing
Module 10: Combustion Efficiency Testing

Why Combustion Testing?
 The purpose of the testing is to see
how well the unit is using the fuel
 The testing benefits the customer
 Should be performed once a year with
routine service

Table of Contents
◦ Light Off
◦ Draft
◦ Smoke
◦ CO2
◦ Stack Temperature and Net Temperature
◦ Efficiency
◦ Combustion Test Report
◦ Typical Readings
◦ Conclusion
◦ Self Test

Lighting Off
 Safety Glasses
 Fuel Supply
 Reset Button
 Stand to the Side!

Draft
 Why measure draft?
◦ This is ensures the flue
products are going where
they are supposed to – up
the chimney
 Measure in inches of
water column
 Measure with a draft
meter:
Caution! Probe tip will be hot!

Draft:
Overfire: measurement should
be -0.02”w.c.
Insert probe
here

Draft
 Insert the
probe tip about
an inch into the
opening and
read the
measurement

Draft
 Any adjustments are made by
adjusting the counterweight on the
barometric damper
 Record this reading

Smoke
 What is smoke?
◦ Smoke is simply soft
carbon, remnants of
the unburned fuel
◦ Not desirable at all
 Use smoke tester to
check

Smoke
 Start by
inserting a
clean sheet of
test paper as
shown here:
Tighten and
loosen here

Smoke
 Inert probe tip
about an inch
into the opening
 Pump the tester
ten times to
obtain the
sample

Smoke
 Remove the
test paper
sample and
compare it to
the smoke
chart
 Less than 2 is
desired

Smoke
 Make adjustments to the air shutter to
obtain less than #2 smoke
Adjust here:
Course and
Fine

CO2
 CO2: Carbon Dioxide levels
 We are measuring excess gases
within the flue byproducts
 Levels should be 10 to 12.5%
 Measure with Shaker bottle:

WARNING !
 Shaker bottle contains potassium
hydroxide
 Substance is highly corrosive
 Gloves and safety glasses are
required
 For more information visit
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd052
3.html

CO2: Test Procedure
Depress plunger to clear
chamber
Zero the scale

CO2: Test Procedure
 Insert probe tip one inch into the
opening in the stack
 Hold sampling tube down on plunger
 Squeeze bulb 18 times

CO2: Test Procedure
 Important! Release
the plunger before
removing the probe.
 Remove probe from
stack
 Turn shaker bottle
upside down twice to
mix the sample

CO2: Test Procedure
 Measure and record the fluid level

Stack and Net Temperatures
 The stack temperature is the
measured temperature in the stack
 The ambient temperature is the
temperature of the surrounding area
(room temperature)
 The net temperature is the stack
temperature minus the ambient
temperature.

Stack Ambient
Measure both temperatures and record

 Calculate Net Temperature:
 Our example:
◦ Stack Temperature: 560°F
◦ Ambient Temperature: 80°F
 560°F - 80°F = 460°F Net Temperature
 Record this reading

Efficiency
 Use the Fire Finder slide rule to solve
for efficiency using CO2 and net
temperature values – record values

Efficiency: Example
9.5%
CO2
550°F
76%
Efficient

Combustion Testing Report
 Compile data from testing into a report
for customer and your records
 Click on the following link to see an
example of a combustion testing
report:
 http://donibartley.jimdo.com/combustio
n-testing-report-form/

Typical Readings
 Oil-fired power burners*:
• O2 — (flame retention) 3-6%.
• CO2 — 10-12.5%.
• Stack temp — 60-79% AFUE 400˚ to 600˚F
• Stack temp — 80-plus AFUE 330˚ to 450˚F
• Stack temp — 90-plus AFUE less than
125˚F
• Draft — -0.02 inch wc overfire.
• Draft (stack) — -02 inch wc/0.04 inch wc.
• Smoke spot — #0-#1.
 * Always follow manufacturers
recommendations

Conclusion
 The combustion testing procedures you just
learned about are designed to be performed by
a professional
 Your next step will be conducting hands-on training
in a laboratory environment under the supervision
of a trained professional
 Now let’s test your knowledge you have acquired
about combustion testing:
QUIZ

Quiz
 Question 1:
At what location would you make any adjustments to
the draft of an oil burner during combustion testing?
A
B
C
D
Air shutter
Barometric damper
Pressure regulator
Indoor fan motor
Next
Question

That is Correct!
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Question
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Question

Incorrect. Try Again.
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Question
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Question

Quiz
 Question 2:
What is the name of the dangerous substance found
in the aqueous solution in the CO2 shaker bottle?
A
B
C
D
Potassium chloride
Potassium sulfate
Potassium hydroxide
Potassium nitride
Next
Question
Previous
Question

Quiz
 Question 3:
How many times should you pump the smoke tester
during a sample?
A
B
C
D
10
18
16
12
Next
Question
Previous
Question

Quiz
 Question 4:
What two values are used to solve for efficiency?
A
B
C
D
Stack temperature and smoke number
CO2 and Draft
Net Temperature and CO2
Draft and smoke number
Table of
Contents
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Question

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Contents

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Question

Oil burner servicing, combustion efficiency testing cbt 2

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