OER: Reducing Costs, Expanding Access, Improving Efficacy (#UNTOA16)
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The cost of college textbooks has grown to a point that virtually every campus is now seeking solutions. While many colleges and universities have successfully reduced costs through stop-gap measures such as rental programs and textbook reserves, the greatest potential for permanently solving the problem lies in Open Educational Resources (OER), which are academic materials that are freely available online for everyone to use, adapt, and share. Institutions across the country have begun to leverage OER to reduce textbook costs, expand access to information, and enable faculty to better tailor materials to their courses. This talk will provide an overview of the OER movement to date, how it is playing out on campus, and research showing the impact on students. It will also help frame opportunities in the open, digital environment to improve teaching, learning and research for the advancement of society.
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OER: Reducing Costs, Expanding Access, Improving Efficacy (#UNTOA16)
- 1. @txtbks | sparcopen.org reducing costs expanding access improving efficacy nicole allen SPARC Except where otherwise noted... OER: #UNTOA16 | 5/20/16 | University of North Texas
- 3. @txtbks | sparcopen.org higher ed is important
- 4. @txtbks | sparcopen.org higher ed is expensive
- 5. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Source: CNN Money
- 6. @txtbks | sparcopen.org $1,000 $3,000 $5,000 $7,000 $9,000 1988199019921994199619982000200220042006200820102012 State Funding Tuition Revenue US Public Higher Education Funding - $/Undergrad FTE Data source: State Higher Education Officers Association Slide source: @dernst, adapted under CCBY
- 7. @txtbks | sparcopen.org $28,950 Average debt per borrower for graduating class of 2014 Source: TICAS
- 8. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Cost Factors: Tuition and Fees Room and Board Transportation Books and Supplies Other Expenses Cost Factors: Books and Supplies
- 9. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Figure 1: Estimated Increases in New College Textbook Prices, College Tuition and Fees, and Overall Consumer Price Inflation, 2002 to 2012 prices grew by 28 percent. Source: GAO
- 10. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Average Estimated Undergraduate Budgets, 2014-15 Source: College Board Books & Supplies = $1,225
- 11. @txtbks | sparcopen.org “the straw that broke the camel’s back”
- 15. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Market Failure
- 16. @txtbks | sparcopen.org students are captives, not consumers
- 17. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Market Failure 5 major publishers hold nearly 90% of the market Source: Turning the Page by James Koch
- 18. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Market Failure Source: NACS.org
- 19. @txtbks | sparcopen.org 2 in 3 Students say they decided against buying a textbook because the cost is too high Source: Student PIRGs
- 20. @txtbks | sparcopen.org 1 in 2 Students say they have at some point taken fewer courses due to the cost of textbooks Source: Florida Virtual Campus
- 21. @txtbks | sparcopen.org <1 in 2 Students purchase a current edition of their textbook Source: Book Industry Study Group
- 22. @txtbks | sparcopen.org “Some of the e-book slump amounts to chickens coming home to roost for traditional publishers. They have been fighting to keep e-book prices high — to the point where they engaged in industry-wide collusion with Apple in an attempt to do so […] Is it really such a surprise that higher prices lead to people buying fewer e-books?”
- 23. @txtbks | sparcopen.org “More students drop out of the Electronic Classroom of Tomorrow or fail to finish high school within four years than at any other school in the country, while companies tied to its founder have been paid millions.”
- 24. @txtbks | sparcopen.org students can’t learn from materials they can’t afford
- 25. @txtbks | sparcopen.org we can do better.
- 32. @txtbks | sparcopen.org OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Free + Reuse Rights • Retain • Reuse • Revise • Remix • Redistribute
- 33. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Hewlett Foundation Definition: “OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or are released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing by others”
- 34. @txtbks | sparcopen.org open licensing system www.creativecommons.org
- 36. @txtbks | sparcopen.org how is OER created?
- 49. @txtbks | sparcopen.org how is OER being used?
- 52. @txtbks | sparcopen.org The cost of college textbooks has risen 812% since 1978, more than the rates of inflation, health care, new home prices, and college tuition. More and more, college students are unable to afford their textbooks, and as many as 70% of students have reported avoiding buying at least one textbook for their courses. Not surprisingly, these students do not do as well academically. As of May 2013, if a TCC student purchased all of the textbooks required for a business administration degree, that student would spend $3,678.95 on new books. While used textbooks may lower this price, their availability is, at best, uneven. But the problem with printed textbooks goes beyond financial cost; textbooks “ cost” students and teachers in other ways as well. Because textbooks are frequently written for broad audiences in the hopes that they will fill the learning support needs and be adopted by large numbers of faculty and departments, they are filled with content and exercises that are superfluous to a specific course’ s learning outcomes. The cost here is in teaching efficiency and effectiveness. Fortunately a solution to both problems exists. Beginning in Fall 2013, TCC became the first college in the U.S. to create an Associate of Science degree based solely on open educational resources (OER), academically vetted and publicly licensed content. After Tidewater CommunityCollege ismakingcollegemoreaffordable.
- 54. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Supporting Adoption Developmental Math Results" Percentage passing with C or better 48.40% 60.18% 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 70.00% Spring 2011 No OER Spring 2013 All OER n=2,842 About Lumen Lear Open Educational Resources represent a and learners, while at the same time imp unsure what to do to help their institution This is where Lumen enters the picture. Co-founded by open education visionary Lumen is dedicated to facilitating broad, After years of pioneering work in open ed Generation Learning Challenges grant-fu textbooks with OER in community colleg 50% and improving student success rate resulted in moving the cost of required te 10% compared to student performance in You can read more about the Kaleidosco Adding this concrete proof to the body of help more educational institutions and st Lumen helps institutional leaders and fac ! Finding quality content and mapp around the country to review and agg into Open Courses that match gener course frameworks online. This proc individual or institution to download a ! Incorporating OER into academic consulting services to help institution sense to introduce OER into courses Source: Lumen Learning
- 55. @txtbks | sparcopen.org • Higher or equivalent grades • Higher average credit load • Higher or equivalent completion rates
- 56. @txtbks | sparcopen.org what can you do?
- 57. @txtbks | sparcopen.org (1) Start with the low hanging fruit
- 59. @txtbks | sparcopen.org using OER in 1 course per year could save US students $1.42 billion
- 60. @txtbks | sparcopen.org … and remember all fruit falls eventually (credit: Quill West)
- 61. @txtbks | sparcopen.org (2) Encourage sharing by people who want to share
- 63. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Award winning statistics text
- 64. @txtbks | sparcopen.org (3) Support faculty to adopt, adapt, and create OER
- 68. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Libraries & OER Forum LibOER.org #LibOER
- 69. @txtbks | sparcopen.org (4) Make “open” your mission
- 71. @txtbks | sparcopen.org use the internet to do what it was meant for to benefit society
- 72. @txtbks | sparcopen.org Nicole Allen nicole@sparcopen.org @txtbks | @sparc_na www.sparcopen.org