The document discusses various aspects of occlusion including: 1) Occlusion refers to the contact relationship between the upper and lower teeth during functions like chewing, swallowing, and speech. 2) Important concepts discussed include centric occlusion, centric relation, occlusal curves like Curve of Spee and Curve of Wilson, dental arch formation, overjet, overbite, crossbite, and open bite. 3) The document also covers supporting and non-supporting cusps, leeway space, freeway space, Angle's classification of malocclusion, and Andrew's six keys of normal occlusion.

1. OCCLUSION
Dr Farhan Dil
Assistant professor
Khyber college of dentistry

2. Occlusion
• Contact relationship between upper and lower teeth during
various activity of the mandible (Mastication, swallowing &
Speech)
• Static and dynamic contact relationship between the occlusal
surfaces of the teeth during function

6. • Most commom sequance of eruption in maxillary arch
6-1-2-4-3-5-7-8 and 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8
• Most commom sequance of eruption in mandibular arch
(6-1)-2-3-4-5-7-8 and (6-1)-2-4-3-5-7-8

7. Centric occlusion
Maximum intercuspation between
uppr and lower teeth
Maximum intercuspation
Maximum interdigitation of the
maxillary teeth with mandibular
teeth

8. Centric Relation
It is the position of the mandible in which the condyle is
resting in the most posterior or retrusive unstrained position
in the glenoid fossa

9. Why we study Occlusion
Occlusion helps in treatment of Maloclusion,
Temporomandibular joint problems, proper construction of
Dentures (Crown, bridge, Implant etc)

10. Occlusal Curvatures
It allow the most efficient use of the forces of mastication
Stabilizing and protecting the dental arch

11. Curve of Spee
• Antero-posterior curve
• Cusp of canine and follows buccal cusp of premolar and molars
• 2 dimensional curve
• Curve upward from anterior to posterior
• Inclination of individual posterior teeth

12. Curve of Wilson
• Medio-lateral curvature
• 2 dimensional curve
• Path of the condyles during movements of jaw
• Inclination of crown and root is confirmed by this curve
• Curvature is deeper in molars then permolars

13. Curve of Monson (Compensating Occlusal Curvature)
• Combination of curve of spee and curve of Wilson
• 3 dimensional curve
• Concave for mandibular arch
• Convex for maxillary arch

14. Dental Arch Formation
• Outline of maxillary arch is larger
then mandibular arch
• So maxillary teeth overhang the
mandibular teeth when the teeth are
in centric occlusion
• Permits overbite and overjet
relationship

15. Overjet
• Horizontal relationship of the upper
teeth to the lower teeht in centric
occlusion
Overbite
• Vertical relation of the upper teeth to
lower teeth in centric occlusion
Importance
• Prevent soft tissue biting
• Guid the mandible through various
lateral movement

17. Crossbite
• It is a condition in which one or more teeth abnormally
malposed buccaly or lingually or labially with reference to
opposing teeth.

22. Open bite
• It is the failure of a tooth or teeth to meet their antagonist in
the opposite arch.
• It creats
– Difficulty in speech
– TMJ disorder
– Functional imbalance
– Bad aesthetics

23. Classification
• On the basis of region involve
– Anterior open bite
– Posterior open bite
• On the basis of etiological factors
– Skeletal open bite
– Dental open bite
• On the basis of molar relationship
– Class 1 open bite
– Class 2 open bite
– Class 3 open bite

26. Functional Cusps or Supporting Cusps
• The buccal cusp of mandibular posterior teeth and lingual cusp
of maxillary posterior teeth are called functional cusp or
supporting cusp.
• These cusp occlude in the central fossa and maintain the
occlusal vertical height, these are also called centric cusp or
holding cusp

27. Non Functional Cusps
• The lingual cusps of mandibular posterior
teeth and buccal cusps of maxillary
posterior teeth are non functional cusp
• Also called guiding cusps
• They guide the mandible in lateral
movements

28. Leeway space
• The erupting premolars are smaller in
mesiodistal dimension then the
primary molars.
• The difference in size between the
premolars and primary molars as well
as deciduous canine called Leeway
space

29. • The average mesiodistal size of the deciduous in that area is
47mm, which when compared with the premolar dimension of
43.2mm, indicates an average gain of 3.8mm in available
space.
• The leeway space must be utilized for alignment of lower
incisors as these teeth erupt with an average of 1.6mm of
crowding. The remainder of the space will be utilized by the
mandibular molars

31. Freeway space
• The space between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and
mandibular teeth when the mandible is in physiologic resting
position.

32. Angle Classification
• Class 1: Mesiobuccal cusp pf maxillary 1st molar occlude in
the buccal groove of mandibular 1st molar
• Canine relationship: The mesial incline of the maxillary
canine occludes with the distal incline of the mandibular
canine. The distal incline of the maxillary canine occludes with
the mesial incline of the mandibular first premolar

34. • Class II: Mesiobuccal cusp of maxillary 1st molar occlude
anterior to the buccal groove of mandibular 1st molar
• Division I: The maxillary anterior teeth are protruded. Teeth
are proclained and a large overjet is present.

35. • Class II: The molar relationships are Class II where the
maxillary central incisors are retroclined.
• Division II: The maxillary lateral incisor teeth may be
proclaimed or normally inclined

36. Class III
• Mesiobuccal cusp of maxillary 1st molar occlude poterior to
the buccal groove of mandibular 1st molar

37. Andrew’s 6 keys of Normal Occlusion
• Correct molar relationship
• Correct (mesio-distally) crown angulation
• Correct (Labio-lingually) crown inclination
• No rotation
• No spaces
• Flat occlusal plane

39. Thank you