This document presents the results of a program evaluation of school garden and farm to school programs in San Francisco and Portland. It finds that the programs have positive impacts on students' knowledge, life skills, attitudes, behaviors, and academic achievement. Students reported increased knowledge of food/nutrition, environmental topics, and life skills. They developed more positive attitudes towards fruits/veggies, the environment, and school. Students also reported eating more fruits/veggies, less unhealthy foods, and increased eco-actions at home.

1. A Model for Garden-based Nutrition Education: School Garden and Farm to School Program Evaluation in San Francisco, CA & Portland, OR Abby Jaramillo, Urban Sprouts Michelle M. Ratcliffe, Ph.D., Ecotrust

4. National Farm to School Network www.farmtoschool.org

5. What are Farm to School and Garden-based Education? . . . A comprehensive approach to food and health that takes place in the . . . Community In the Garden In the Neighborhood At Home Classroom Indoors & Outdoors Cafeteria Healthy School Meals Links to Local Farms

8. Curricular learning environment Physical learning environment Social learning environment Knowledge acquisition Development of life skills Academic & cognitive skills Social & moral development Attitudes & preferences Public health Environmental quality Economic development Social capital Academic achievement Health behaviors School meal participation Food production Eco-actions Summary: All Program Elements and Outcomes Cited in the Literature

12. Knowledge acquisition Urban Sprouts students teach their peers to read Nutrition Facts on food labels.

13. Development of life skills Urban Sprouts students cook food from the garden with guest Chef Rania from NextCourse.

14. Academic & cognitive skills Students observe insect predators on plants: ladybugs and aphids.

15. Social & moral development Youth developmental or Resiliency assets Students learn teamwork in the garden and self-efficacy as they practice leadership.

21. Environmentally Responsible Behaviors (Eco-actions) Students teach peers about worm bins, composting, and recycling at home.

23. Curricular learning environment Physical learning environment Social learning environment Knowledge acquisition Development of life skills Academic & cognitive skills Social & moral development Attitudes & preferences Public health Environmental quality Economic development Social capital Academic achievement Health behaviors School meal participation Food production Eco-actions Summary: All Program Elements and Outcomes Cited in the Literature

25. Social Cognitive Theory Personal Behavioral Environmental Bandura, 1986

26. * Public health* *Environmental quality* *Economic development* *Social capital* Knowledge acquisition Development of life skills *Academic & cognitive skills * Social & moral development Attitudes & preferences * Academic achievement * Health behaviors School meal participation Food production Eco-actions Curricular learning environment Physical learning environment Social learning environment

28. Public health Environmental quality Economic development Social capital Knowledge acquisition Development of life skills Academic & cognitive skills Social & moral development Attitudes & preferences Academic achievement Health behaviors School meal participation Food production Eco-actions Curricular learning environment Physical learning environment Social learning environment

33. Sample Question from Online Student Survey

35. A Tool (checklist) for Educators

36. Staff Self-Appraisal Rubrics Key : = Successful = Challenging = Not Done Staff members color-code curriculum schedule and Performance Rubric to indicate level of success of implementation.

47. Thank you for your participation! “ The ultimate goal of farming is not the growing of crops, but the cultivation and perfection of human beings.” — Masanobu Fukuoka