This document summarizes a study on drainage water recycling systems and their ability to reduce nutrient losses based on the size of on-farm water storage. The study uses data from 2006-2016 from the Davis Purdue Agriculture Center in Indiana to model various storage sizes from 2-10% of field area. Larger storage sizes were able to capture more annual drain flow and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loads, with 8% storage capturing 66% of drain flow on average. The document concludes that drainage water recycling systems with storage sizes of 4-8% of field area can significantly reduce nutrient losses.
By Poolad Karimi at the "Water in the Anthropocene: Challenges for Science and Governance. Indicators, Thresholds and Uncertainties of the Global Water System" conference in Bonn, Germany May 2013
By Poolad Karimi at the "Water in the Anthropocene: Challenges for Science and Governance. Indicators, Thresholds and Uncertainties of the Global Water System" conference in Bonn, Germany May 2013
For more: http://www.extension.org/67754 The inconsistency among P Indices in terms of level of detail and scientific underpinnings among states, as well as in recommendations and interpretations based on site risk, prompted a review and possible revision of the 590 Standard and P-Indexing approach. The need for revision has been heightened by a slower than expected decrease in P-related water quality impairment and, in some cases, an increase in soil P to levels several fold greater than agronomic optimum due to the inability of the P Index to prevent the continued over-application of P to soils. While the basic scientific foundations of the P-Indexing approach are sound, these concerns are real. In this presentation, we propose the use of lower and upper boundaries of P Index use and describe an approach to evaluate individual State P Indices.
Objectives:
There was a dramatic geographic shift in agriculture in the 20th century which concentrated grain production in a small area in the upper Midwest and concentrated vegetable, potato, cotton and other crops in the arid West. This new geography may be extremely vulnerable to climate change and variability. The Midwest droughts 2012 and the current California drought are illustrative of the problems our USDA-EaSM proposal foresaw in 2010.
It is the objective of this project to determine whether a more distributed geographical production system with the SE increasing irrigated production is both economically and environmentally sustainable.
Sean McMahon - Farmer-led Efforts to Improve Water QualityJohn Blue
Farmer-led Efforts to Improve Water Quality - Sean McMahon, Iowa Agriculture Water Alliance, from the 2016 Iowa Pork Congress, January 27-28, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-iowa-pork-congress
For more: http://www.extension.org/67754 The inconsistency among P Indices in terms of level of detail and scientific underpinnings among states, as well as in recommendations and interpretations based on site risk, prompted a review and possible revision of the 590 Standard and P-Indexing approach. The need for revision has been heightened by a slower than expected decrease in P-related water quality impairment and, in some cases, an increase in soil P to levels several fold greater than agronomic optimum due to the inability of the P Index to prevent the continued over-application of P to soils. While the basic scientific foundations of the P-Indexing approach are sound, these concerns are real. In this presentation, we propose the use of lower and upper boundaries of P Index use and describe an approach to evaluate individual State P Indices.
Objectives:
There was a dramatic geographic shift in agriculture in the 20th century which concentrated grain production in a small area in the upper Midwest and concentrated vegetable, potato, cotton and other crops in the arid West. This new geography may be extremely vulnerable to climate change and variability. The Midwest droughts 2012 and the current California drought are illustrative of the problems our USDA-EaSM proposal foresaw in 2010.
It is the objective of this project to determine whether a more distributed geographical production system with the SE increasing irrigated production is both economically and environmentally sustainable.
Sean McMahon - Farmer-led Efforts to Improve Water QualityJohn Blue
Farmer-led Efforts to Improve Water Quality - Sean McMahon, Iowa Agriculture Water Alliance, from the 2016 Iowa Pork Congress, January 27-28, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-iowa-pork-congress
As part of the seminar held by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with IWMI, World fish and ICARDA “Options for improving irrigation water efficiency for sustainable agricultural development”.
"Design of Resilient Agro-Ecosystems" is University of Nebraska research by Trenton Franz. Please attribute accordingly.
The research was presented Sept. 19, 2017 at the Faculty Fellow Dialogue, hosted by the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute at the University of Nebraska.
Ground Validation of Crop Water Productivity: Developing a protocol, Christop...NENAwaterscarcity
Workshop on Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to Address ‘Water Consumption, Water Productivity and Drought Management’ in Agriculture, 27 - 29 October 2015, Cairo,Egypt
“Impacts of deficit irrigation practices for conserving water in horticultural cropping systems of Florida” by Davie Kadyampakeni at the 2023 Water for Food Global Conference. A recording of the presentation can be found on the conference playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSBeKOIXsg3JNyPowwJj6NDSpx4vlnCYj.
Dr. Stephen Jacquemin - Changes In Grand Lake St Marys Watershed: Moving Towa...John Blue
Changes In Grand Lake St Marys Watershed: Moving Towards An Improved Understanding Of Water Quality In The Region Over The Past Decade - Dr. Stephen Jacquemin, from the 2018 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, March 6 - 7, Ada, OH, USA.
More presentations at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZBwPfKdlk4SB63zZy16kyA
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage ProjectJohn Blue
Transforming Drainage Project - Dr. Eileen Kladivko, from the 2018 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, March 6 - 7, Ada, OH, USA.
More presentations at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZBwPfKdlk4SB63zZy16kyA
This lecture covers environmental flow and its inter-relationship with the integrated water resource management. Environmental flow allows for meeting the water needs of the aquatic ecosystems.
Dr. John Lawrence - Strengthening Agriculture's Commitment to Water Quality: ...John Blue
Strengthening Agriculture's Commitment to Water Quality: The Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy - Dr. John Lawrence, from the 2014 Iowa Pork Congress, January 22-23, Des Moines, IA, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-iowa-pork-congress
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
1. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Nutrient loss reduction potential of
drainage water recycling systems based on
on-farm water storage size
Ben Reinhart, Project Manager
Jane Frankenberger, Project Director
Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University
2. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Water storage
and management
in the Midwest
• Improve
drainage to
support
production
• Tile drains
increase loss of
nitrate (and
phosphorus) Outlet
(i.e. stream)
3. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Options for
reducing
nutrient loads
• Reduction
efficiencies are
highly variable
across practices
Source: Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy Science Assessment
Nitrogen Reduction Target = 41%
5. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
• How will this
vary across
climate and
soils?
• How much
storage is
needed to meet
crop or water
quality targets?
Designing drainage water recycling systems
6. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Water balance
in DWR systems
• Track:
1. Daily drain flow
3. Water level
and volume
2. Soil water
storage
7. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Soil water
storage
• Defining the soil
water reservoir
• Variables:
+ Eff. Precip. (Pe)
+ Irrigation (I)
- Evaporation/
Transpiration
(ET)
Daily Soil Water = Pe + I – ET
8. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Soil water
storage
• Effective
Precipitation
• FAO CLIMWAT
• Reference/Crop
ET
• Daily climate on-
site (L. Bowling,
Purdue)
• FAO CropWat Kc
(Maize)
9. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Storage level
and volume Avg. Depth
Area
• Variables:
+ Drain flow (D)
+ Precipitation (P)
- Evap.(E)
- Irrigation (I)
- Seepage (S)
Daily Water Volume =
D + P – E – I – S
10. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Water level and
volume
• Measured daily
drain flow and
precipitation
• Evaporation (NWS
pan avg. monthly values)
• Seepage (3mm/day
constant)
0
2
4
6
8
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
mm/day
Evaporation
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
mm/day Drain flow
11. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Water balance
in DWR systems
• As water is
added to the
system:
1. Capture if
capacity > flow
2. Bypass if
capacity < flow
12. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Water balance
in DWR systems
• As water is
removed from
the system:
1. Irrigation
applied if
demand < stored
volume
2. Storage Deficit
if demand >
stored volume
13. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Davis Purdue
Agriculture
Center (DPAC)
Field Data
(2006-2016, daily)
• Drain flow
• Weather
• Water Quality
• Nitrate-N
• Total Phosphorus
(2012-2016)
Data from Saadat, Bowling,
Frankenberger
14. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Davis Purdue Agriculture Center (DPAC)
Drain flow: 368 mm/yr (avg.); 232 mm Min., 470 mm Max
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Nitrate-Nitrogen(mg/l)
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
TotalPhosphorus(mg/l)
15. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Various Sizes of
Storage
2% of field area
4% of field area
6% of field area
8% of field area
10% of field area
Avg. Depth: 3 m
Field Area: 80 ac.
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
Drainage water recycling in MI
5 acres 1 acre
each
16. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Results: % of Annual Drain Flow Captured
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
17. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
0
10
20
30
40
Orig.
Load
2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
Results: Nitrate-N Load Captured (kg/ha)
N
18. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Orig.
Load
2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
Results: Total Phosphorus Load Captured (kg/ha)
N
P
19. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
Desired 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
Results: Applied Irrigation (mm/yr)
20. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Results: Spatial Variability
DPAC (Indiana)
Drain Flow: 232-470 mm
Southeast Research Farm (Iowa)
Drain Flow: 56-535 mm
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Storage Area/Field Area
Avg
Data courtesy Dr. Matt Helmers, Iowa State University
Example - % of Annual Drain Flow Captured
21. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Conclusions
How much
storage do we
need?
• 4% storage= 31%
avg. reduction
• 6% storage= 49%
avg. reduction
• 8% storage= 66%
avg. reduction
DWR
4%
DWR
6% DWR
8%
22. MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Next Steps
1. Evaluation
across variable
climate and
soils
2. Development
of online tool
for evaluating
DWR systems
23. THIS MATERIAL IS BASED UPON WORK THAT IS SUPPORTED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,
UNDER AWARD NUMBER 2015-68007-23193, “MANAGING WATER FOR INCREASED RESILIENCY OF DRAINED AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES”,
HTTP://TRANSFORMINGDRAINAGE.ORG. ANY OPINIONS, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, OR RECOMMENDATIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS PUBLICATION ARE THOSE OF
THE AUTHOR(S) AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THE VIEW OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
University of Missouri
MANAGING WATER FOR TOMORROW’S AGRICULTURE
Managing Water for Increased
Resiliency of Drained Agricultural
Landscapes
Editor's Notes
Don’t focus on the tool but rather the activity of tracking water balances and nutrient reductions