SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Water Cost and Availability for
Algae Cultivation- Salinity Issues
ERIK R. VENTERIS AND MARK S. WIGMOSTA
June 10, 2013 1
Spatial Modeling Research Engineer
Richland, WA
PNNL-SA-95574
June 10, 2013 2
Overview
Key issues- water availability, quality, and associated costs
Relevant PNNL Biomass Assessment Tool (BAT) capabilities (open ponds)-
Algae productivity from climate and salinity data (M. Huesemann, PNNL)
Evaporative water demand (met data, pond state simulation)
Water source characterization, availability and costs
Competitive freshwater
salinity <2,000 mg L-1, relatively shallow <1,000 ft, municipal and/ or agricultural use
Non-competitive saline water
salinity generally too high for crops (>2,000 mg L-1), depth <3,280 ft
Seawater-
unlimited supply, salinity ~35,000 mg L-1, consistent ion chemistry
This presentation-
National trends in freshwater availability and groundwater salinity
What is the best operating salinity to balance production value and water costs?
For organism X and salinity of water source, what are supply and saline disposal costs
(CAPEX and OPEX)?
Note that we do not follow NRC model of freshwater + brackish mix
Competitive water (Fresh) Availability
Details in Venteris et al., 2013, Environmental Science and Technology
Strong E/W gradients, especially for southern half of the US 3
Salinity trends in competitive (fresh) waters
Geostatistical simulation based on nearly 200,000 data points
Patterns related to interaction between geology and climate
Even waters defined as “fresh” have significant salt content
4
Salinity trends in non- competitive
(brackish/ saline) groundwater
Less data (21,000 data points), more clustering, more uncertainty
Higher salinity waters related to sedimentary basins, oil-gas occurrence 5
June 10, 2013 6
Tradeoff Modeling- Operating Salinity
What is best compromise between growth rate and water costs?
As pond operating salinity goes up, in general-
Algae growth rate and biofuel production decreases (Chlorella, N. salina)
Total makeup water and associated costs decrease (blowdown)
Smaller pipelines
Fewer supply wells
Less saline concentrate for disposal (by geologic injection or evaporation ponds)
Costs based on pipelines (seawater) or wells and pipelines (ground waters)
GIS models connect each farm site to optimal water source
Calculate (biofuel production value – water costs) for range of salinities
Operating Salinity- N. salina and seawater
June 10, 2013 7
4,654 485 Ha Unit Farm Sites
16,024 485 Ha Unit Farms
38,678 485 Ha Unit Farms
Operating Salinity- Chlorella and competitive waters
June 10, 2013 8
Southwestern US Southeastern US
5-7 g kg-1 2-3 g kg-1
Operating Salinity- Chlorella and saline waters
June 10, 2013 9
Southwestern US Southeastern US
~15
g kg-1
7-10
g kg-1
Use Chlorella or more salt-resistant species?
June 10, 2013 10
Conclusions, future directions
Regional trends in salinity impact water availability and costs
Understanding interactions between organism growth and water source
geochemistry is critical.
Elevated water source salinity and evaporation rates in SW require that ponds
be operated at a higher salinities than in the SE.
Many water issues remain to be addressed, including-
Regulatory constraints on freshwater supplies and saline concentrate disposal
Temporal trends in competitive uses (development, climate change, etc.)
Brackish and saline groundwater sustainability (volumes, recharge etc.)
Growth performance vs. pH, ion chemistry, etc. (for example, NaCl water vs.
bicarbonate waters…)

More Related Content

What's hot

Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
 
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of GeorgiaWhy Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
Eric832w
 
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm ImpactsSharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
Soil and Water Conservation Society
 
LEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
LEED Credit 6.2-Final PosterLEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
LEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
Russell Auwae
 
Water quality monitoring & rotating basin
Water quality monitoring & rotating basinWater quality monitoring & rotating basin
Water quality monitoring & rotating basin
Oklahoma COnservation Commission
 
Communicating your Impact Stories
 Communicating your Impact Stories Communicating your Impact Stories
Communicating your Impact Stories
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
 
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_Final
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_FinalBen Starr_AHA Paper_Final
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_Final
Ben Starr
 
10. Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
10.  Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...10.  Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
10. Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
 
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
ICIMOD
 
Final_Water_Document
Final_Water_DocumentFinal_Water_Document
Final_Water_Document
Tim Andrews
 
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
 
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New CommunityCapture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
UrbanSystemsCanada
 
State report on Gatineau Park ecosystems
State report on Gatineau Park ecosystemsState report on Gatineau Park ecosystems
Metz Lateral Conservation Project
Metz Lateral Conservation ProjectMetz Lateral Conservation Project
Metz Lateral Conservation Project
Soil and Water Conservation Society
 
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional ApproachKansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
Matt Unruh
 
Water accounting sa
Water accounting saWater accounting sa
Water accounting sa
James Prae Liclican
 
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
ILRI
 
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara CountyProviding safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
Laura Rinaldi
 
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, MichiganWater Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
ESD UNU-IAS
 
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
IRC
 

What's hot (20)

Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
Innovative Policies to Optimize the Allocation of Water Quality and Conservat...
 
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of GeorgiaWhy Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
Why Xeriscaping Makes Good Sense - University of Georgia
 
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm ImpactsSharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
Sharpley - The Importance of Monitoring to Determine Farm Impacts
 
LEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
LEED Credit 6.2-Final PosterLEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
LEED Credit 6.2-Final Poster
 
Water quality monitoring & rotating basin
Water quality monitoring & rotating basinWater quality monitoring & rotating basin
Water quality monitoring & rotating basin
 
Communicating your Impact Stories
 Communicating your Impact Stories Communicating your Impact Stories
Communicating your Impact Stories
 
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_Final
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_FinalBen Starr_AHA Paper_Final
Ben Starr_AHA Paper_Final
 
10. Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
10.  Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...10.  Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
10. Eye in the Sky: Monitoring the Environment from Space - Gary Free - Wate...
 
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
SWaRMA_IRBM_Module2_#1, Tools and approaches for understanding biophysical dr...
 
Final_Water_Document
Final_Water_DocumentFinal_Water_Document
Final_Water_Document
 
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
Characterizing rural households’ historical behaviour and experience with CKD...
 
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New CommunityCapture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
Capture, Reduse and Reuse - Integrated Master Planning a New Community
 
State report on Gatineau Park ecosystems
State report on Gatineau Park ecosystemsState report on Gatineau Park ecosystems
State report on Gatineau Park ecosystems
 
Metz Lateral Conservation Project
Metz Lateral Conservation ProjectMetz Lateral Conservation Project
Metz Lateral Conservation Project
 
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional ApproachKansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
Kansas Water Vision Implementation - A Regional Approach
 
Water accounting sa
Water accounting saWater accounting sa
Water accounting sa
 
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
Nile Basin livestock-water productivity: A project of the Challenge Program o...
 
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara CountyProviding safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
Providing safe, clean water for Santa Clara County
 
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, MichiganWater Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
Water Sustainability in RCE Grand Rapids, Michigan
 
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
Water security - Sanitation nexus: key to sustainable future. Lessons from Ma...
 

Viewers also liked

Abo salt water strain webinar ucsd
Abo salt water strain webinar ucsdAbo salt water strain webinar ucsd
Abo salt water strain webinar ucsd
AlgaeBiomass
 
Salinity risk assessment in bangladesh
Salinity risk assessment in bangladeshSalinity risk assessment in bangladesh
Salinity risk assessment in bangladesh
Nahin Mahfuz Seam
 
Salinity Prevention
Salinity PreventionSalinity Prevention
Salinity Prevention
Bhavik A Shah
 
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of BangladeshGroundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
 
32. soil alkalinity and salinity by Allah Dad Khan
32. soil alkalinity and salinity  by Allah Dad Khan 32. soil alkalinity and salinity  by Allah Dad Khan
32. soil alkalinity and salinity by Allah Dad Khan
Mr.Allah Dad Khan
 
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of BangladeshA Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
suvash roy
 
Soil Salinity in India
Soil Salinity in IndiaSoil Salinity in India
Soil Salinity in India
Geetika Saluja
 
Salinity
SalinitySalinity
Salinity
UNLU2008
 
7-Waterlogging and salinity
7-Waterlogging and salinity7-Waterlogging and salinity
7-Waterlogging and salinity
samra marrium
 
Soil salinity P K MANI
Soil salinity  P K MANISoil salinity  P K MANI
Soil salinity P K MANI
P.K. Mani
 
Water logging salinity
Water logging  salinityWater logging  salinity
Water logging salinity
Ashish Sahoo
 
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmaniwater logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
musadiqrehmani
 
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminarSalinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
Zuby Gohar Ansari
 
Drip irrigation
Drip irrigationDrip irrigation
Drip irrigation
Tushar Dholakia
 
Ppt on irrigation
Ppt on irrigationPpt on irrigation
Ppt on irrigation
Divyam1027
 
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
Biocity Studio
 

Viewers also liked (16)

Abo salt water strain webinar ucsd
Abo salt water strain webinar ucsdAbo salt water strain webinar ucsd
Abo salt water strain webinar ucsd
 
Salinity risk assessment in bangladesh
Salinity risk assessment in bangladeshSalinity risk assessment in bangladesh
Salinity risk assessment in bangladesh
 
Salinity Prevention
Salinity PreventionSalinity Prevention
Salinity Prevention
 
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of BangladeshGroundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Groundwater Salinity and Zoning in the Southwestern Coastal Region of Bangladesh
 
32. soil alkalinity and salinity by Allah Dad Khan
32. soil alkalinity and salinity  by Allah Dad Khan 32. soil alkalinity and salinity  by Allah Dad Khan
32. soil alkalinity and salinity by Allah Dad Khan
 
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of BangladeshA Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
A Seminar on Salinity Problem on Coastal Region of Bangladesh
 
Soil Salinity in India
Soil Salinity in IndiaSoil Salinity in India
Soil Salinity in India
 
Salinity
SalinitySalinity
Salinity
 
7-Waterlogging and salinity
7-Waterlogging and salinity7-Waterlogging and salinity
7-Waterlogging and salinity
 
Soil salinity P K MANI
Soil salinity  P K MANISoil salinity  P K MANI
Soil salinity P K MANI
 
Water logging salinity
Water logging  salinityWater logging  salinity
Water logging salinity
 
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmaniwater logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
water logging and salinity in pakistan by Musadiq Rehmani
 
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminarSalinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
Salinity stress tolerance in plants master seminar
 
Drip irrigation
Drip irrigationDrip irrigation
Drip irrigation
 
Ppt on irrigation
Ppt on irrigationPpt on irrigation
Ppt on irrigation
 
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
Water / Wastewater - groundwater levels, dry land salinity and drought in Ade...
 

Similar to ABO salinity presentation pnnl

Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
iosrjce
 
H012615560
H012615560H012615560
H012615560
IOSR Journals
 
Science Forum Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
Science Forum  Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...Science Forum  Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
Science Forum Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
WorldFish
 
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-okiCalidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
PIEDRON
 
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENTCULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
Deborah Robertson-Andersson
 
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
IRJET -  	  Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...IRJET -  	  Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
IRJET Journal
 
EPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
EPA Water Conference 2021 PostersEPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
EPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland
 
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural UseMacedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
Jenkins Macedo
 
Measured effects of conservation watershed scale
Measured effects of conservation watershed scaleMeasured effects of conservation watershed scale
Measured effects of conservation watershed scale
Soil and Water Conservation Society
 
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
Soil and Water Conservation Society
 
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central AsiaFood-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
 
Water extremes in austin texas
Water extremes in austin texasWater extremes in austin texas
Water extremes in austin texas
U.S. Water Alliance
 
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna ShreshthaNepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
SaciWATERs
 
IWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
IWRM Evaluation Result_SingaporeIWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
IWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
GWP SOUTHEAST ASIA
 
Ahmed Nasr Allah (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
Ahmed Nasr Allah  (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...Ahmed Nasr Allah  (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
Ahmed Nasr Allah (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
 
Filtration of Greywater by Natural Process
Filtration of Greywater by Natural ProcessFiltration of Greywater by Natural Process
Filtration of Greywater by Natural Process
Rohan Gajbhiye
 
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
 
Item 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
Item 2. National updates on soil - EgyptItem 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
Item 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
Soils FAO-GSP
 
Emma description
Emma descriptionEmma description
Emma description
Patrick White
 
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
Mcrpc Staff
 

Similar to ABO salinity presentation pnnl (20)

Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
Suitability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Coastal Aquifers f...
 
H012615560
H012615560H012615560
H012615560
 
Science Forum Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
Science Forum  Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...Science Forum  Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
Science Forum Day 2 - Diaa Al Kenawy - Integrated agric-aquaculture, science...
 
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-okiCalidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
Calidad del agua para agricultura fao 29-ayers y westcot 1985-oki
 
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENTCULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
CULTIVATION OF ULVA IN AQUACULTURE EFFLUENT
 
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
IRJET -  	  Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...IRJET -  	  Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
IRJET - Underground Water Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting using Rem...
 
EPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
EPA Water Conference 2021 PostersEPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
EPA Water Conference 2021 Posters
 
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural UseMacedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
Macedo et al (2015)-Irrigation Groundwater Quality for Agricultural Use
 
Measured effects of conservation watershed scale
Measured effects of conservation watershed scaleMeasured effects of conservation watershed scale
Measured effects of conservation watershed scale
 
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
A Framework for Setting Realistic Expectations for Water Quality Improvements...
 
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central AsiaFood-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
Food-Water-Energy Nexus in Central Asia
 
Water extremes in austin texas
Water extremes in austin texasWater extremes in austin texas
Water extremes in austin texas
 
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna ShreshthaNepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
Nepal's history of water management_Dr. Hari Krishna Shreshtha
 
IWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
IWRM Evaluation Result_SingaporeIWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
IWRM Evaluation Result_Singapore
 
Ahmed Nasr Allah (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
Ahmed Nasr Allah  (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...Ahmed Nasr Allah  (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
Ahmed Nasr Allah (World Fish) • 2019 IFPRI Egypt Seminar "Options for improv...
 
Filtration of Greywater by Natural Process
Filtration of Greywater by Natural ProcessFiltration of Greywater by Natural Process
Filtration of Greywater by Natural Process
 
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
Water Quality and Productivity Enhancement in an Irrigated River Basin throug...
 
Item 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
Item 2. National updates on soil - EgyptItem 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
Item 2. National updates on soil - Egypt
 
Emma description
Emma descriptionEmma description
Emma description
 
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
Gray vs. Green: The Role of Watershed-scale Green Infrastructure Systems for ...
 

Recently uploaded

Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented ChatbotsMutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Pablo Gómez Abajo
 
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
Jason Yip
 
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
DanBrown980551
 
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersEssentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Safe Software
 
June Patch Tuesday
June Patch TuesdayJune Patch Tuesday
June Patch Tuesday
Ivanti
 
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
AstuteBusiness
 
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
Edge AI and Vision Alliance
 
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfTaking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
ssuserfac0301
 
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUHCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
panagenda
 
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development ProvidersYour One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
akankshawande
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
panagenda
 
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptxPrinciple of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
BibashShahi
 
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
Pitangent Analytics & Technology Solutions Pvt. Ltd
 
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
Alex Pruden
 
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionSkybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Tatiana Kojar
 
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StoryDriving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Safe Software
 
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
Jason Packer
 
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
saastr
 
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE VisionWhat is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
DianaGray10
 
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing InstancesEnergy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
Alpen-Adria-Universität
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented ChatbotsMutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
 
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...
 
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
 
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersEssentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
 
June Patch Tuesday
June Patch TuesdayJune Patch Tuesday
June Patch Tuesday
 
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
 
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
“How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-eff...
 
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfTaking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
 
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUHCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
 
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development ProvidersYour One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providers
 
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUHCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
 
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptxPrinciple of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
 
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
 
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
 
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionSkybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoption
 
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StoryDriving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
 
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
Columbus Data & Analytics Wednesdays - June 2024
 
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
Deep Dive: AI-Powered Marketing to Get More Leads and Customers with HyperGro...
 
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE VisionWhat is an RPA CoE?  Session 1 – CoE Vision
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE Vision
 
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing InstancesEnergy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
Energy Efficient Video Encoding for Cloud and Edge Computing Instances
 

ABO salinity presentation pnnl

  • 1. Water Cost and Availability for Algae Cultivation- Salinity Issues ERIK R. VENTERIS AND MARK S. WIGMOSTA June 10, 2013 1 Spatial Modeling Research Engineer Richland, WA PNNL-SA-95574
  • 2. June 10, 2013 2 Overview Key issues- water availability, quality, and associated costs Relevant PNNL Biomass Assessment Tool (BAT) capabilities (open ponds)- Algae productivity from climate and salinity data (M. Huesemann, PNNL) Evaporative water demand (met data, pond state simulation) Water source characterization, availability and costs Competitive freshwater salinity <2,000 mg L-1, relatively shallow <1,000 ft, municipal and/ or agricultural use Non-competitive saline water salinity generally too high for crops (>2,000 mg L-1), depth <3,280 ft Seawater- unlimited supply, salinity ~35,000 mg L-1, consistent ion chemistry This presentation- National trends in freshwater availability and groundwater salinity What is the best operating salinity to balance production value and water costs? For organism X and salinity of water source, what are supply and saline disposal costs (CAPEX and OPEX)? Note that we do not follow NRC model of freshwater + brackish mix
  • 3. Competitive water (Fresh) Availability Details in Venteris et al., 2013, Environmental Science and Technology Strong E/W gradients, especially for southern half of the US 3
  • 4. Salinity trends in competitive (fresh) waters Geostatistical simulation based on nearly 200,000 data points Patterns related to interaction between geology and climate Even waters defined as “fresh” have significant salt content 4
  • 5. Salinity trends in non- competitive (brackish/ saline) groundwater Less data (21,000 data points), more clustering, more uncertainty Higher salinity waters related to sedimentary basins, oil-gas occurrence 5
  • 6. June 10, 2013 6 Tradeoff Modeling- Operating Salinity What is best compromise between growth rate and water costs? As pond operating salinity goes up, in general- Algae growth rate and biofuel production decreases (Chlorella, N. salina) Total makeup water and associated costs decrease (blowdown) Smaller pipelines Fewer supply wells Less saline concentrate for disposal (by geologic injection or evaporation ponds) Costs based on pipelines (seawater) or wells and pipelines (ground waters) GIS models connect each farm site to optimal water source Calculate (biofuel production value – water costs) for range of salinities
  • 7. Operating Salinity- N. salina and seawater June 10, 2013 7 4,654 485 Ha Unit Farm Sites
  • 8. 16,024 485 Ha Unit Farms 38,678 485 Ha Unit Farms Operating Salinity- Chlorella and competitive waters June 10, 2013 8 Southwestern US Southeastern US 5-7 g kg-1 2-3 g kg-1
  • 9. Operating Salinity- Chlorella and saline waters June 10, 2013 9 Southwestern US Southeastern US ~15 g kg-1 7-10 g kg-1 Use Chlorella or more salt-resistant species?
  • 10. June 10, 2013 10 Conclusions, future directions Regional trends in salinity impact water availability and costs Understanding interactions between organism growth and water source geochemistry is critical. Elevated water source salinity and evaporation rates in SW require that ponds be operated at a higher salinities than in the SE. Many water issues remain to be addressed, including- Regulatory constraints on freshwater supplies and saline concentrate disposal Temporal trends in competitive uses (development, climate change, etc.) Brackish and saline groundwater sustainability (volumes, recharge etc.) Growth performance vs. pH, ion chemistry, etc. (for example, NaCl water vs. bicarbonate waters…)

Editor's Notes

  1. Brief overview of PNNL’s efforts in water resource modeling.Discuss national patterns in groundwater salinityHow do these impact overall water costs? (Supply and concentrate disposal)
  2. Freshwater availability model based on average discharge measured at stream gauges.Supply limited to 5% total dischargeEach dot is 485 ha unit farm, black supplied, gray unsupplied. Priority on water supply costsEW gradients
  3. Low salinity waters in east and south east, some areas of upper Midwest, Pacific NorthwestSalinity of competitive waters much higher in the south west, Rockies, Great Plains.Saline concentrate disposal essentially unavoidable.
  4. Non compete less information, generally deeper, higher salinity, etc.
  5. As an approximation, utilization of non-compete waters requires roughly 2x increase in operating salinity.