This document discusses different concepts of health, including the biomedical concept which views health as the absence of disease, the ecological concept which sees health as adaptation to the environment, and the holistic concept which recognizes social, economic, and political influences. It also describes the health-illness continuum model, which illustrates well-being as more than just an absence of illness, showing how one can move either toward higher wellness or premature death based on factors like awareness, education, and lifestyle choices. The model compares treatment-focused and wellness-focused approaches.

1. FINC NURSING
CHOACHING AGRA
NURSING FOUNDATION UNIT -1
PART -1(CONCEPT OF HEALTH,
HEALTH ILLNESS CONTINUUM)

2. CONCEPT OF HEALTH
• HEALTH IS A COMMON THEME IN
MOST CULTURES . ALL COMMUNITIES
HAVE THEIR CONCEPT OF HEALTH , AS
A PART OF THEIR CULTURE . OLDEST
DEFINITION OF HEALTH IN ALL
COMMUNITIES IS “ABSENCE OF
DISEASE”.

3. TYPES OF HEALTH CONCEPT
1- BIOMEDICAL CONCEPT
2- ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT
3- PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPT
4- HOLISTIC CONCEPT

4. 1- BIOMEDICAL CONCEPT-
• TRADITIONALLY , HEALTH HAS
BEEN VIEWED AS AN “ABSENCE
OF DISEASE “, AND IF ONE WAS
FREE FROM DISEASE , THEN THE
PERSON WAS CONSIDERED
HEALTHY . THIS IS “ BIOMEDICAL
CONCEPT”.

5. CONTINUE…
• BASED ON GERM THEOTY OF DISEASE
(LOUIS PASTEUR)
• THE MEDICAL PROFESSION VIEWED THE
HUMAN BODY AS A MACHINE , DISEASE
AS A CONSEQUENCES OF THE
BREAKDOWN OF THE MACHINE AND
ONE OF THE DOCTORS ‘S TASK AS
REPAIR OF THE MACHINE.

6. 2- ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT -
• HEALTH IMPLIES RELATIVE ABSENCE OF
PAIN AND DISCOMFORT AND A
CONTINUOUS ADAPTATION TO THE
ENVIRONMENT TO ENSURE OPTIMAL
FUNCTION.
• THIS VIEWED HEALTH AS A DYNAMIC
EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN MAN AND HIS
ENVIRORNMENT

7. CONT….
• ACCORDING TO DUBOS “ HEALTH IMPLIES
THE RELATIVE ABSENCE OF PAIN AND
DISCOMFORT AND A CONTINOUS
ADAPTATION AND ADJUSTMENT TO THE
ENVIRONMENT TO ENSURE OPTIMAL
FUNCTION .”
• THE ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT RAISES TWO
ISSUES , VIZ . IMPERFECT MAN AND
IMPERFECT ENVIRONMENT .

8. 3-PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPT -
• DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELDS OF
SOCIAL SCIENCES REVEALED THAT
HEALTH IS NOT ONLY A BIOMEDICAL
PHENOMENON , BUT WHICH IS
INFLUENCED BY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL
, CULTURAL , ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL
FACTORS OF PEOPLE CONCERNED.

9. 4- HOLISTIC CONCEPT-
• SYNTHESIS OF ALL THE ABOVE CONCEPTS
RECOGNIZES STRENGTH OF SOCIAL ,
ECONOMIC , POLITICAL AND
ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES ON HEALTH.
• THIS APPROACH IMPLIES THAT ALL
SECTORS OF SOCIETY HAVE AN EFFECT , IN
PARTICULAR ANIMAL FOOD , INDUSTRY ,
EDUCATION , HOUSING , PUBLIC SOCIETY
OTHER SECTORS.

10. HEALTH ILLNESS CONTINUUM-
• INTRODUCTION- HEALTH ILLNESS
CONTINUUM IS A GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION A
WELL BEING , CONCEPT FIRST PROPOSED BY
JOHN . W. TRAVIS IN 1972.
• IT DESCRIBE HOW WELLBEING IS MORE
THAN SIMPLY AN ABSENCE OF ILLNESS ,
BUT ALSO INCORPORATES THE
INDIVIDUALS MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL
HEATH .

11. CONT…
• TRAVIS BELIEVED THAT THE STANDARD
APPROACH TO MEDICINES , WHICH
ASSUMES A PERSON IS WELL WHEN THERE
ARE NO SIGNS OR SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE
, WAS INSUFFICIENT.

12. HIGH LEVEL WELLBEING
1-AWARENESS 2- EDUCATION
3-GROWTH
PRE MATURE DEATH
3-DISABILITY 2- SYMPTOMS 1- SIGN
TREATMENT PARADIGM
WELLNESS PARADIUM
NEUTRAL POINT

13. CONT….
• COMPOSED OF TWO ARROWS
POINTING IN OPPOSITE DIRECTION AND
JOINED AT A NEUTRAL POINT.
• MOVEMENTS TO THE RIGHT TO THE
ARROWS (TOWARDS THE HIGH LEVEL OF
WELLNESS ) EQUALS AN INCREASE IN
LEVEL OF HEALTH AND WELLBEING .

14. CONT..
• ACHIEVED IN THREE STEPS-
• 1- AWARENESS
• 2- EDUCATION
• 3- GROWTH

15. CONT…
• MOVEMENTS TO THE LEFT TO THE
ARROWS(TOWARDS PREMATURE DEATH)
EQUATES A PROGRESSIVELY DECREASING
STATE OF HEALTH .
• ACHIEVED IN THREE STEPS-
• 1- SIGNS
• 2- SYMPTOMS
• 3- DISABILITY

16. CONT…
• MOST IMPORTANT IS THE DIRECTION IS THE
INDIVIDUAL FACING ON THE PATHWAY
• 1- IF TOWARDS HIGH LEVEL HEATH , A
PERSON HAS GENUINELY OPTIMISTIC OR
POSITIVE OUTLOOK DESPITE HIS/HER
STATUS .
• 2- IF TOWARDS PREMATURE DEATH , A
PERSON HAS A GENUINELY PESSIMISTIC OR
NEGATIVE OUT LOOK ABOUT HIS OR HER
HEALTH STATUS.

17. COMPARES TREATMENT MODEL WITH
A WELLNESS MODEL -
• IF TREATMENT MODEL IS USED , AN
INDIVIDUAL CAN MOVE RIGHT ONLY TO THE
NEUTRAL POINT.
• EXAMPLE- A HYPERTENSIVE CLIENT
WHO ONLY TAKES HIS MEDICATIONS
WITHOUTS MAKING ANY OTHER
LIFE STYLE CHANGES.

18. CONT…
• IF WELLNESS MODEL IS USED , AN
INDIVIDUAL CAN MOVE RIGHT PAST THE
NEUTAL POINT .
• EXAMPLE- AS HYPERTENSIVE CLIENT
NOT TAKES MEDICATIONS BUT STOPS
SMOKING , LOOSING WEIGHT , START
AN EXERCISE PROGRAMME ETC