The document provides information on nuclear power production in the United States, California, and worldwide. It discusses that 20% of US electricity comes from 103 nuclear plants, and that California gets power from two reactors at Diablo Canyon and two at San Onofre, with 1/3 ownership of three reactors in Arizona. Worldwide there are 440 reactors in 31 countries producing 16% of global electricity. The document then goes into details about how nuclear reactors work to create electricity through nuclear fission and steam turbines, and also discusses nuclear waste storage and future reactor designs.
THIS presentation is all about the types of nuclear energy, where it came from, the reactors used to produce nuclear energy.
included in this presentations are the effects of nuclear energy in nature and in humans.
the accidents recorded in the history about nuclear energy and the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy.
THIS presentation is all about the types of nuclear energy, where it came from, the reactors used to produce nuclear energy.
included in this presentations are the effects of nuclear energy in nature and in humans.
the accidents recorded in the history about nuclear energy and the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy.
Nuclear energy scenario in India is a hot debate topic in India.Since 1947, India was banned to participate in nuclear market. With Indo-US treaty India achieved energy independence.India has 25% of total thorium resource in the world.
Nuclear energy scenario in India is a hot debate topic in India.Since 1947, India was banned to participate in nuclear market. With Indo-US treaty India achieved energy independence.India has 25% of total thorium resource in the world.
Power System Analysis was a core subject for Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Based On Anna University Syllabus. The Whole Subject was there in this document.
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The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster was a series of equipment failures, nuclear meltdowns, and releases of radioactive materials at the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant, following the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011
Our planet is repleted with vast sum of energy hidden in coalmines,underneath the oceans, or maybe just through wind rolling aroung the atmosphere, springs and teachnology, which I call uranium generated fuel.You will gather knowledge about Geothermal and Nuclear Energy and how they have been a boon and curse to mankind and nature.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
3. California Nuclear energy
Each of the five reactors produces about 1,100
million watts (megawatts) of electricity
This is enough to power one million homes per
reactor
Each reactor’s production is equivalent to 15 million
barrels of oil or 3.5 million tons of coal a year.
The total 5,500 reactor produced megawatts is out
of a peak state electrical power of 30,000 – 40,000
megawatts.
4. Worldwide Nuclear Power
Reactors
There
are 440 nuclear power reactors in 31
countries.
30 more are under construction.
They account for 16% of the world’s
electricity.
They produce a total of 351 gigawatts (billion
watts) of electricity.
6. Nuclear Electricity Production by Countries
and Regions in Gigawatts (World Total 350
Gigawatts) and percent of electricity
US
97 Trend: declining
North America Region
109
France
63 Increasing
Germany
21 Being phased out
U. K.
12
Western Europe Region 126
Japan
44 Increasing
Asia Region
66 Increasing
Eastern Europe Region
11
Former Soviet U. Region 34
7. How a Nuclear Reactor works
235U
fissions by absorbing a neutron and producing 2 to 3 neutrons,
which initiate on average one more fission to make a controlled
chain reaction
Normal water is used as a moderator to slow the neutrons since
slow neutrons take longer to pass by a U nucleus and have more
time to be absorbed
The protons in the hydrogen in the water have the same mass as
the neutron and stop them by a billiard ball effect
The extra neutrons are taken up by protons to form deuterons
235
U is enriched from its 0.7% in nature to about 3% to produce the
reaction, and is contained in rods in the water
Boron control rods are inserted to absorb neutrons when it is time to
shut down the reactor
The hot water is boiled or sent through a heat exchanger to produce
steam. The steam then powers turbines.
8. Nucleons more tightly bound in Fission
Product Nuclei – Gives 200 Mev Energy per
Fission
12. Production of Plutonium (Pu) in
Nuclear Reactors
239Pu
is produced in nuclear reactors by the
absorption of a neutron on 238U, followed by two beta
decays
239
Pu also fissions by absorbing a thermal neutron,
and on average produces 1/3 of the energy in a fuel
cycle.
239
Pu is relatively stable, with a half life of 24
thousand years.
It is used in nuclear weapons
It can be bred for nuclear reactors
13. Nuclear Weapons to Reactor
Fuel
We
are buying highly enriched uranium (20%
235
U) from the former Soviet Union’s nuclear
weapons for 20 years from 1993--2013
Converting it to low enriched uranium (3%
235
U) for reactor fuel
It will satisfy 9 years of US reactor fuel
demand
It comes from 6,855 Soviet nuclear warheads
so far
14. Nuclear Plant Future
The countries of the world are each planning their own
course of nuclear plant development or decline
Nuclear power is competitive with natural gas
It is non-polluting
It does not contribute to global warming
Obtaining the fuel only takes 5% of the energy output
Plant licenses have been extended from 20 years to an
additional 20 years
15. Nuclear Plant Future
Newer designs are being sought to make them more
economical and safer
Preapproval of a few designs will hasten development
Disposal of high level radioactive waste still being
studied, but scientists believe deep burial would work
Because they are have large electrical output, their cost
at $2 billion is hard to obtain and guarantee with banks
Replacing plants may be cheaper using the same sites
and containment vessels
16. Nuclear Problems and Solutions
Three Mile Island 1979
50% core meltdown, stuck valve with no indicator released
water, but containment vessel held
More sensors added, better communication to experts in
Washington, don’t turn off emergency cooling
28 year US safety record since accident
Chernobyl 1986
Human stupidity turned off cooling system
Poor steam cooling reactor design allowed unstable steam
pocket to explode
Graphite caught fire
Design not used in other countries
17. Yucca Mountain Project: Nuclear Fuel
and High Level Waste Repository
Much more secure repository than leaving high level waste at 60 reactor
sites around the country.
On old atomic bomb testing base, inside a mountain.
The storage is above the water table.
The Yucca Mountain site would be 60% filled by present waste.
US has legal commitment to the reactor industry.
Site has been studied extensively by scientists for over 20 years.
Will store waste during its 10,000 year decay time.
Questions of how to deflect dripping water around and under the
storage vessels.
Questions of radioactive decay weakening storage containers.
A solution would be to build containers that can be opened and
reincased, or to which surrounded casings could be added.
18.
19. Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor
Uses the fast neutrons from 235U fission on
surrounding 238U to produce 239Pu
In 10-20 years, enough Pu is produced to power
another reactor
No moderators are allowed
No water, must use liquid sodium coolant
U must be at 15%-30% enrichment to generate
power with fast neutrons while breeding Pu
This is at weapons grade enrichment, however
Super-Phenix in France has operated for 20 years
20. Nuclear Power Proposed
Solution?
Richard Garwin , MIT and industry propose:
If 50 years from now the world uses twice as much energy, and half
comes from nuclear power
Need 4,000 nuclear reactors, using about a million tons of Uranium a
year
With higher cost terrestrial ore, would last for 300 years
Breeder reactors creating Plutonium could extend the supply to 200,000
years
Nonpolluting, non-CO2 producing source
Need more trained nuclear engineers and sites
Study fuel reprocessing, waste disposal, and safer designs.
While nuclear reactors have to be on all day and night, and power use
is less at night, they could be used to charge up electric cars.
Until electric cars or a hydrogen generation economy, they might only
be used for the 40% of generation used at night, up from the present
20% that they generate.
21. Fusion Reactors
Fusion easiest for Deuteron (D) + Tritium(T):
D(p,n) + T(p,nn) → 4He(pp,nn) + n
in a high temperature plasma.
Replacement T created from Li blanket around reactor
n + 6Li → 4He + T
Fusion reactors
International ITER in 2012 for research for a decade, costing $5
billion
Current stalemate over siting in France or Japan
Followed by DEMO for a functioning plant, taking another 10
years.
Design and completion of a commercial plant not until 2050.
US Lithium supply would last a few hundred years.
Still would be a radioactive waste disposal problem.