Nuclear energy is generated through nuclear fission or fusion reactions. In India, nuclear power provides about 3% of electricity and is expected to rapidly expand. There are currently 21 reactors providing 5,780 MW of power, with several new plants under construction. Issues include the challenge of long-term storage and disposal of radioactive nuclear waste, though nuclear energy has advantages of low carbon emissions. India's nuclear program is overseen by several government organizations and aims to increase nuclear power generation to 64,000 MW by 2032.

1. NUCLEAR P WER
VERVIEW
Of
India
Presented
By
MBA PM 15th batch
ABHIJEET SRIVASTAVA
AMAN KUMAR
ALJAPUR HARKI THUKARAM

2. What is nuclear energy ?
Nuclear energy is a power source of energy generated
during a nuclear reaction by change in the nucleus of an
atom. The source of nuclear energy is the mass of nucleus
and energy generated during reaction is due to conversion
of mass into energy.
(Einstein’s Theory)

3. Ways to obtain Nuclear Energy.
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fusion

4. Nuclear Fusion
When atoms are joined together to
form a larger atom is commonly referred
to as nuclear fusion.
Sun produces energy through nuclear
fusion where the nuclei of hydrogen
atoms are fused into helium atoms.

5. Nuclear Fission
Nuclear fission works by
splitting the atoms apart to
produce smaller atoms and
as a result energy is released
Nuclear fission is used in nuclear power plants to generate
electricity through the splitting of the nuclei of nuclear atoms.

6. What happens IN Nuclear Fission….?
When a neutron strikes a uranium – 235 nucleus, it
splits into two nuclei, releasing energy.
Reaction =>

7. Chain Reaction
If at least one neutron from each fission strikes
another nucleus a chain reaction will occur.
An assembly of Uranium – 235 that sustains a
chain reaction is critical

8. 1

9. How it Works ?

10. Nuclear Reactor
A nuclear reactor is an installation capable of initializing,
controlling and maintaining nuclear reactions(fission usually)
chain occurring in the core of the facility.

11. Components of a nuclear reactor..
Reactor Core
Moderator
Control Rods
Coolant
Reflector
Thermal Shielding

12. Schematic diagram of a Nuclear Reactor

13. 3

14. Types of Nuclear Reactor
Boiling Water Reactor
Pressurised Water Reactor
Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor

15. Boiling Water Reactor(BWR)

16. Pressurized Water Reactor(PWR)

17. Liquid Metal Fast-Breeder Reactor

18. Comparison

19. Some other Reactors in operation are
 VVER(Water Water Energetic Reactor; Russian version PWR)
 EPR(European Pressurised Reactor; Third version of PWR)
 ESBWR(Economic Simplified boiling water reactor)
 Fusion Reactors
 AGR Reactor(Advanced Gas cooled Reactor)
 Magnox Reactor(Uses magnesium alloy cans)
 CANDU Reactor(Uses Callendria)

20. India’s Production of electricity by the fuel

21. World Electricity Production by Sources:

22. Nuclear power in India
Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in
India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of
electricity.
As of 2016 India has 21 nuclear reactors in operation in 7
nuclear power plants, generating 5,780 MW while five other
plants are under construction and are expected to generate
an additional 3,800 MW.

23. India’s nuclear power industry is undergoing rapid expansion
with plans to increase nuclear power output to 64,000 MW
by 2032. The country is involved in the development of
nuclear fusion reactors through its participation in the ITER
project and Is a global leader in the development of thorium
based fast breeder reactors.
Nuclear power in india

24. First nuclear power plant in india
Tarapur atomic power station (T.A.P.S.) was the first nuclear power plant
in the india. The construction of the plant was started in 1962 and the
plant went operational in 1969,
The 320 MW tarapur nuclear power station housed two 160 MW boiling
water reactor (BWRs), the first in Asia.
The tarapur plant was originally constructed by the american companies
bechtel and GE. Under a 1963 123 agreement between india, the United
States, and the IAEA. The tarapur atomic power station is under the
control of nuclear power corporation of india limited.

36. Proposed Nuclear power plants
Power plant Type Capacity(Mwe) Expected commission
date
Jaitapur in Maharashtra EPR 9900(6×1650 Mw) 2019
Gorakhpur in Haryana PHWR 2800(4×700Mw) 2021
Mithivirdhi in Gujrat LWR 6000(6×1000Mw)
Kovvada in Andhra
Pradesh
ESBWR 6000(6×1000Mw)
Chutka in Madhya
Pradesh
PHWR 1400(2×700Mw)

37. Cont…
Power plant Type Capacity(Mwe) Expected commission
date
Bhimpur , Shivpuri in
Madhya Pradesh
PHWR 2800(4×700Mw)

38. Project Capacity (MWe)
Expected Commercial
Operation
KUDANKULAM ATOMIC
POWER PROJECT
1 x 1000
Unit 2 – Jul-2016 (First
Criticality)
RAJASTHAN ATOMIC
POWER PROJECT
2 x 700
Unit 7 – Jun-2016
Unit 8 – Dec-2016
KAKRAPAR ATOMIC POWER
PROJECT
2 x 700
Unit 3 – Under Review
Unit 4 – Under Review

39. Nuclear Power Generation (2010-11 to
2016-17)
Year Gross Generation (MUs) Capacity Factor (%) Availability Factor (%)
2016-17
(Upto July - 2016)
12359 74 76
2015-16 37456 75 77
2014-15
37835 82 88
2013-14 35333 83 88
2012-13
32863 80 90
2011-12 32455 79 91
2010-11
26472 71 89

40. The top ten countries planning for new
nuclear reactors and MW planned
Country # New reactors planned Number of MW planned
1 China 37 38,360
2 India 23 21,500
3 Japan 13 17,915
4 US 11 13,800
5 Russian Fed. 7 8,000
6 South Korea 6 8,190
7 UK 4 6,600
8 UAE 4 5,600
9 Canada 4 4,400
10 South Africa 3 3,565

41. Top ten countries by number of nuclear reactors in 2010
and nuclear energy as percentage of total energy
Country # Reactors Percentage
1 US 104 19.7
2 France 58 76.2
3 Japan 54 24.9
4 Russia 31 16.9
5 S. Korea 20 35.6
6 UK 19 17.4
7 Canada 18 14.9
8 India 18 2.9
9 Germany 17 28.3
10 Ukraine 15 47.4

42. Nuclear Supply Group (NSG)
48 countries are the members of Nuclear Supply Group. The group
which keeps the knowledge of Nuclear Technology
Advantage of becoming the member of NSG is easy access of
uranium among the various countries without any treaty.
China demanded that, in-order to member of NSG, India has to sign
on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty(NPT).
If India become the member of NSG, then India can produce 63,000
MW nuclear energy up to 2030.

43. Organizations for Nuclear Energy
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
World Nuclear Association (WNA)
Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)
Baba Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL)
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR)

44. 2

45. Advantages of nuclear energy
Does not emit carbon di-oxide (green house effect).
Generating the electricity from nuclear energy causes little
pollution.
Lots of energy is produced from small amount of uranium.
Nuclear plants bring jobs and prosperity to a country.

46. Disadvantages of nuclear energy
 Disposing of the nuclear waste is very difficult and needs to be done after
a lot of planning by the experts.
 The radioactive waste takes years to be no longer hazardous.
 Waste must be stored very carefully for a long time.
 Storing is huge problem. The waste is very dangerous. It is radioactive.
 Nuclear power plants are very expensive to build.
 Uranium is not renewable and can lead to environmental problems
through mining and processing.

47. Reference
Wikipedia
Nuclear power corporation of india website
Youtube