This document summarizes the challenges and processes involved in co-translating a religious poem by Emirati poet Ousha al Suwaidi from Arabic to English. It involved negotiating appropriate terminology and form through a network of Emirati actors. While an initial translation was produced, further consultation was advised. Issues around avoiding misrepresentation, respecting cultural and religious norms, and gaining necessary approvals from copyright holders and key figures emerged. The need for ongoing refinement through Emirati networks and specialists was highlighted to ensure a faithful yet accessible transmission of the original work.
Mua'llagat Zohayr ibn Abi Solma: Elegant Piece of Arabic Poetry (1) - معلقة ز...Al Baha University
Zohayr ibn Abi Solma is identified as an eminent poet who produced poetry distinguished with preeminence in courtly and virtuous love. The study employs an analytical and critical methodology, attempting to elucidate the influence of virtuous love narrated by the poet in the first verse lines of his great Mua'llagah. It employs the critical-descriptive-analytical approach. It commences with a terse introductory synopsis shedding light on the importance of classical Arabic language and its involvement with poetry. It goes on to shed light on Zohayr ibn Abi Solma, the person and the poet. The next section is dealing with selected verse lines from Al-Mualagah of Zohayr. The paper attempts to prove, via poetry of Zohayr ibn Abi Solma, the greatness of the Arabic classical poetry and demonstrate the aptitudes of the poet through his Mua'llagah. It is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the greatness of Arabic language then it moves to the second part that focuses of Arabic Poetry: Treasure of Wisdom. The third part sheds light on the poet's Courtly Love and the last main part goes with analytical and critical endeavor to the first ten verse lines of Al-Mua'llagah of Zohayr. It comes to an end with a conclusion.
Hassan ibn Thabit: An Original Arabic Tongue (1) حسان بن ثابت: لسان عربي أصيل Al Baha University
حسان بن ثابت واحد من أعظم الشعراء الذين عاشوا خلال عصرين متميّزين للأمة العربية في الجزيرة العربية، الفترة ما قبل الإسلامية والحقبة الإسلامية، قدم حسان خلالها صور حلو الشمائل عن العرب قبل الإسلام وبعده، في هذه الورقة الأدبية، يحاول الباحث سبر غور عمق الشعر العربي عند حسان بن ثابت كأنموذج على عظمة اللغة الشعرية العربية. يستحق الشاعر، حسان بن ثابت، دراسة أدبية، مركزاً، بشكل رئيسي على شعره كنوع من التراث والموروث للغة العربية الفصحى.
تعاملاً مع واحدة من القصائد الشهيرة لحسان بن ثابت، فإن هذه الورقة البحثية تستخدم الأسلوب التحليلي النقدي، والذي تبدأ بمقدمة موجزة عن الشعر العربي ثم تنتقل الورقة لإلقاء الضوء على العرب واللغة الشعرية العربية، ثم يلقي الباحث الضوء على الشاعر حسان بن ثابت، صاحب الملكات اللغوية العربية الغير عادية، وبعد ذلك، تنتقل الدراسة لتركز بشكل أوسع على التحليل والوصف لأول سِتة عشر بيتاً شعرياً من قصيدة حسان بن ثابت الشهيرة المعروفة باسم (قافية الألف). هذا الجزء هو الجزء الرئيسي التي تحاول الدراسة إثباتها من خلال شعر حسان بن ثابت، وتختتم هذه الورقة البحثية بملخص نهائي قصير.
Hassan ibn (son of) Thabit is one of the greatest poets who lived within two distinguished ages of the Arabic nations in Arabia, the pre-Islamic period and the Islamic period. He presented graceful pictures of Arabs before Islam and after Islam. In this literary paper, the investigator attempts to probe the depth of the Arabic poetry of Hassan ibn Thabit as an instance of the magnitude of Arabic poetic tongue. The poet Hassan ibn Thabit deserves a literary investigation paying attentiveness mostly to his poetry as a tradition and legacy of the classical Arabic poetic language.
In dealing with one of the famous poems of Ibn Thabit, the paper operates the critical-analytical method. It starts with a succinct introduction about Arabic poetry then the paper progresses to illuminate Arabs and Arabic poetic tongue. Subsequently, the researcher goes to shed light on the poet, Hassan ibn Thabit as a poet of an unusual Arabic language. After that, it goes on to focus more with analysis and wasf (description) on the first sixteen verse lines of Hassan ibn Thabit's renowned poem known as the Alef rhymed (قافية الألف). This part is the central division of the study in which it attempts to verify via the poetry of Hassan Ibn Thabit. The paper is ended with a short conclusion.
The Eminence of Poetic Arabic Language: Lamiyyat Al Arab of Ash-Shanfara Exam...Al Baha University
إن أهمية اللغة العربية تعود إلى كونها واحدة من أكثر اللغات وضوحاً في تألقها وقدرتها المتكررة على التكيف مع عدد لا يحصى من العلوم والمعارف الأخرى، وصلت اللغة العربية إلى الإبداع والأصالة في مختلف مجالات الأدب المختلفة التي يكون فيها الشعر أعظم ما يكون.
تهدف الورقة البحثية إلى إمعان النظر في الصور الرمزية والبلاغية والجمالية في قصيدة "لامية العرب" للشنفرى والتي يتبع فيها الباحث المنهج النقدي الاستدلالي والاستقرائي الذي يركز بشكل تحليلي على الأبيات العشرة الأولى من القصيدة، وتحاول الدراسة أن تكشف تحليلا بتعمق للصفات الجمالية والمواضيع الشعرية وكذلك الصور الرمزية والاستعارية في القصيدة، حيث تبدأ الدراسة بمقدمة عن الجزيرة العربية ولغتها العربية الشعرية ثم تنتقل لإلقاء الضوء على الشاعر الشنفرى كشاعر عربي عظيم، تختتم بتحليل وتعليقات على قصيدة "لامية العرب" التي تحاول ابراز القيم العربية الأصلية، والاصيلة والأخلاق والمبادئ في عصر ما قبل الإسلام التي تحتوي عليها.
The significance of the Arabic language holds back from its being one of the most explicit languages in its brilliance and its repeated ability to adapt to countless other sciences and knowledge. The Arabic language has reached creativity and originality in different fields of literature in which the greatest is poetry.
The paper aims at scrutinizing the figurative, rhetorical and aesthetic images in Lamiyyat Al Arab by Ash-Shanfara in which it follows the deductive, inductive critical approach focusing analytically on the first ten verses of the poem. Applying the historical-analytical method, the study attempts to reveal in the in-depth analysis of the aesthetic qualities and poetic issues as well as the figurative images in the poem. It commences with an introduction on Arabia and Poetic Language then moves to shed light on the protagonist-poet Ash-Shanfara as a great Arabic poet to be concluded with analysis and comments on the poem Lamiyyat Al-Arab trying to find out the original Arab values, morals, ethics, and tenets in the pre-Islam era it contains.
The Influence of the Arabic Language: The Muwashshah of Ibn Sahl Al-Andalusi ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The muwashahat were the product of the popular Arabic literary tradition, but their progress is associated with social factors in the Andalusi setting. This article is an attempt to study the inspiration of the Arabic language focusing on a literary genre like the Arabic Andalusian Muwashshah as a legacy of the graceful language. The paper constitutes an endeavor to assess the motivation and influence of the Arabic tongue on the literary practice of Andalusia with reference to the muwashshah particularly a piece of poetry of the same genre by a leading poet, Ibrahim Ibn Sahl Al-Ishbili Andalusi. The researcher, in this paper, undertakes to show the perspicacity of some verses of Ibn Sahl as a case of the elegance of the Arabic tongue. Ibn Sahl‟s muwashshah is worthy of being not given enough attention principally his poetry as a legacy of the dignified Arabic tongue in a part of the European continent.As a suitable approach, the researcher applies the descriptive-analysis. The article commences with a succinct exploratory framework on the importance of the Arabic language and its bond with poetry because poetry is thejewelry of Knowledge. The next point gives a justified illustration on the Muwashshah as an impact of Arab Muslims. Then, it moves progressively to present some crucial notions on the poet Ibn Sahl Al Andalusi. After that, the study attempts to give an analysis on one of the muwashshah, trying to probe the depth of the language the poet applied. Through this portion, the researcher tries to find out the influence of the Arabic tongue and to exemplify the aptitudes of Ibn Sahl through lyrics. The article finishes with a concise conclusion précising the complete analysis and commenting on the recommendations if the researcher may recommend.
Arabic Contemporary Poetic Drama Ali Ahmed Ba Kathir A Pioneer - المسرح الشعر...Al Baha University
Many central playwrights significantly contributed to the progress and advancement of Arabic drama. They were apt to achieve dramatic illustrations in several Arabic countries all the way through ages and places. Still, this study attempts to shed light on an innovator poet-dramatist who represents many cultures and experiences. It aims at displaying the most significant features of renovation associated with the development of the modern Arabic poetic drama that employs history and social problems to present a vision for Arabic literature in the contemporary age. The researcher adopts the critical-descriptive approach in analyzing the poet-dramatist, Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, and two of his poetic dramas. It is mapped with an introductory overview dealing with a concise notion of drama, concentrating predominantly on poetic drama. The foremost part copes with the developer and pioneer Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, focusing on his thoughts and experiences in the field. The paper, then, moves ahead to deal with two verse plays as a model of his craftsmanship and mastery. After that, the study finishes with a brief argument and/or recommendations and an end.
A Voice of Arabs Taabbata-Sharran: A Bandit by Name a Poet of Pride - صوت من...Al Baha University
The magnitude of the Arabic language holds back from its being one of the unblemished languages in its brilliance and its reiterated capability to adapt to countless different sciences and knowledge. The Arabic language has reached creativity and ingenuity in diverse fields and genres of literature in which the supreme is poetry. This article attempts to present the inner landscapes of Taabbata-Sharran and his profession placing him in the context of both his social milieu and his age.
The paper aims at studying the figurative, allegorical and appealing images in Al-Gafiah of Taabbata-Sharran in which it follows the inferential inductive critical methodology concentrating analytically on his Al-Gafiah poem. The study attempts to divulge in the analysis the appealing qualities and poetic matters as well as the rhetorical images in it with particular reference to the first ten verse lines. The article begins with an introduction to Arabia and the Arabic Poetic Language then shifts to shed light on the poet Taabbata-Sharran as a great poet of Arabia, the center of the Arabic language. It is concluded with a brief examination and comments on the poem Al-Gafiah trying to catch on the original Arab ideals, morals, integrity, and beliefs in the pre-Islamic Epoch it contains.
This document is an English translation of an interview with C.L. Jose, a Malayalam playwright, director, and actor. It includes an introduction discussing translation of drama from one language to another. The challenges include balancing literary translation with performability on stage. C.L. Jose's play "Interview" is then summarized, which explores a young man waiting for a job interview and interacting with the office peon.
The Influence of Ibrahim Khafaji as Arabic Lyric Poet - تأثير إبراهيم خفاجي: ...Al Baha University
This document summarizes the influence of Ibrahim Khafaji as an Arabic lyric poet in Saudi Arabia. It begins with an introduction to Arabic poetry as a prominent genre in ancient and modern Arabic literature. It then provides a brief overview of contemporary poetry in Saudi Arabia and its development. The document focuses on analyzing Khafaji's contributions as a significant modern Saudi poet, examining one of his poems in detail. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of Arabic poetry in recording Arab history and culture.
Mua'llagat Zohayr ibn Abi Solma: Elegant Piece of Arabic Poetry (1) - معلقة ز...Al Baha University
Zohayr ibn Abi Solma is identified as an eminent poet who produced poetry distinguished with preeminence in courtly and virtuous love. The study employs an analytical and critical methodology, attempting to elucidate the influence of virtuous love narrated by the poet in the first verse lines of his great Mua'llagah. It employs the critical-descriptive-analytical approach. It commences with a terse introductory synopsis shedding light on the importance of classical Arabic language and its involvement with poetry. It goes on to shed light on Zohayr ibn Abi Solma, the person and the poet. The next section is dealing with selected verse lines from Al-Mualagah of Zohayr. The paper attempts to prove, via poetry of Zohayr ibn Abi Solma, the greatness of the Arabic classical poetry and demonstrate the aptitudes of the poet through his Mua'llagah. It is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the greatness of Arabic language then it moves to the second part that focuses of Arabic Poetry: Treasure of Wisdom. The third part sheds light on the poet's Courtly Love and the last main part goes with analytical and critical endeavor to the first ten verse lines of Al-Mua'llagah of Zohayr. It comes to an end with a conclusion.
Hassan ibn Thabit: An Original Arabic Tongue (1) حسان بن ثابت: لسان عربي أصيل Al Baha University
حسان بن ثابت واحد من أعظم الشعراء الذين عاشوا خلال عصرين متميّزين للأمة العربية في الجزيرة العربية، الفترة ما قبل الإسلامية والحقبة الإسلامية، قدم حسان خلالها صور حلو الشمائل عن العرب قبل الإسلام وبعده، في هذه الورقة الأدبية، يحاول الباحث سبر غور عمق الشعر العربي عند حسان بن ثابت كأنموذج على عظمة اللغة الشعرية العربية. يستحق الشاعر، حسان بن ثابت، دراسة أدبية، مركزاً، بشكل رئيسي على شعره كنوع من التراث والموروث للغة العربية الفصحى.
تعاملاً مع واحدة من القصائد الشهيرة لحسان بن ثابت، فإن هذه الورقة البحثية تستخدم الأسلوب التحليلي النقدي، والذي تبدأ بمقدمة موجزة عن الشعر العربي ثم تنتقل الورقة لإلقاء الضوء على العرب واللغة الشعرية العربية، ثم يلقي الباحث الضوء على الشاعر حسان بن ثابت، صاحب الملكات اللغوية العربية الغير عادية، وبعد ذلك، تنتقل الدراسة لتركز بشكل أوسع على التحليل والوصف لأول سِتة عشر بيتاً شعرياً من قصيدة حسان بن ثابت الشهيرة المعروفة باسم (قافية الألف). هذا الجزء هو الجزء الرئيسي التي تحاول الدراسة إثباتها من خلال شعر حسان بن ثابت، وتختتم هذه الورقة البحثية بملخص نهائي قصير.
Hassan ibn (son of) Thabit is one of the greatest poets who lived within two distinguished ages of the Arabic nations in Arabia, the pre-Islamic period and the Islamic period. He presented graceful pictures of Arabs before Islam and after Islam. In this literary paper, the investigator attempts to probe the depth of the Arabic poetry of Hassan ibn Thabit as an instance of the magnitude of Arabic poetic tongue. The poet Hassan ibn Thabit deserves a literary investigation paying attentiveness mostly to his poetry as a tradition and legacy of the classical Arabic poetic language.
In dealing with one of the famous poems of Ibn Thabit, the paper operates the critical-analytical method. It starts with a succinct introduction about Arabic poetry then the paper progresses to illuminate Arabs and Arabic poetic tongue. Subsequently, the researcher goes to shed light on the poet, Hassan ibn Thabit as a poet of an unusual Arabic language. After that, it goes on to focus more with analysis and wasf (description) on the first sixteen verse lines of Hassan ibn Thabit's renowned poem known as the Alef rhymed (قافية الألف). This part is the central division of the study in which it attempts to verify via the poetry of Hassan Ibn Thabit. The paper is ended with a short conclusion.
The Eminence of Poetic Arabic Language: Lamiyyat Al Arab of Ash-Shanfara Exam...Al Baha University
إن أهمية اللغة العربية تعود إلى كونها واحدة من أكثر اللغات وضوحاً في تألقها وقدرتها المتكررة على التكيف مع عدد لا يحصى من العلوم والمعارف الأخرى، وصلت اللغة العربية إلى الإبداع والأصالة في مختلف مجالات الأدب المختلفة التي يكون فيها الشعر أعظم ما يكون.
تهدف الورقة البحثية إلى إمعان النظر في الصور الرمزية والبلاغية والجمالية في قصيدة "لامية العرب" للشنفرى والتي يتبع فيها الباحث المنهج النقدي الاستدلالي والاستقرائي الذي يركز بشكل تحليلي على الأبيات العشرة الأولى من القصيدة، وتحاول الدراسة أن تكشف تحليلا بتعمق للصفات الجمالية والمواضيع الشعرية وكذلك الصور الرمزية والاستعارية في القصيدة، حيث تبدأ الدراسة بمقدمة عن الجزيرة العربية ولغتها العربية الشعرية ثم تنتقل لإلقاء الضوء على الشاعر الشنفرى كشاعر عربي عظيم، تختتم بتحليل وتعليقات على قصيدة "لامية العرب" التي تحاول ابراز القيم العربية الأصلية، والاصيلة والأخلاق والمبادئ في عصر ما قبل الإسلام التي تحتوي عليها.
The significance of the Arabic language holds back from its being one of the most explicit languages in its brilliance and its repeated ability to adapt to countless other sciences and knowledge. The Arabic language has reached creativity and originality in different fields of literature in which the greatest is poetry.
The paper aims at scrutinizing the figurative, rhetorical and aesthetic images in Lamiyyat Al Arab by Ash-Shanfara in which it follows the deductive, inductive critical approach focusing analytically on the first ten verses of the poem. Applying the historical-analytical method, the study attempts to reveal in the in-depth analysis of the aesthetic qualities and poetic issues as well as the figurative images in the poem. It commences with an introduction on Arabia and Poetic Language then moves to shed light on the protagonist-poet Ash-Shanfara as a great Arabic poet to be concluded with analysis and comments on the poem Lamiyyat Al-Arab trying to find out the original Arab values, morals, ethics, and tenets in the pre-Islam era it contains.
The Influence of the Arabic Language: The Muwashshah of Ibn Sahl Al-Andalusi ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The muwashahat were the product of the popular Arabic literary tradition, but their progress is associated with social factors in the Andalusi setting. This article is an attempt to study the inspiration of the Arabic language focusing on a literary genre like the Arabic Andalusian Muwashshah as a legacy of the graceful language. The paper constitutes an endeavor to assess the motivation and influence of the Arabic tongue on the literary practice of Andalusia with reference to the muwashshah particularly a piece of poetry of the same genre by a leading poet, Ibrahim Ibn Sahl Al-Ishbili Andalusi. The researcher, in this paper, undertakes to show the perspicacity of some verses of Ibn Sahl as a case of the elegance of the Arabic tongue. Ibn Sahl‟s muwashshah is worthy of being not given enough attention principally his poetry as a legacy of the dignified Arabic tongue in a part of the European continent.As a suitable approach, the researcher applies the descriptive-analysis. The article commences with a succinct exploratory framework on the importance of the Arabic language and its bond with poetry because poetry is thejewelry of Knowledge. The next point gives a justified illustration on the Muwashshah as an impact of Arab Muslims. Then, it moves progressively to present some crucial notions on the poet Ibn Sahl Al Andalusi. After that, the study attempts to give an analysis on one of the muwashshah, trying to probe the depth of the language the poet applied. Through this portion, the researcher tries to find out the influence of the Arabic tongue and to exemplify the aptitudes of Ibn Sahl through lyrics. The article finishes with a concise conclusion précising the complete analysis and commenting on the recommendations if the researcher may recommend.
Arabic Contemporary Poetic Drama Ali Ahmed Ba Kathir A Pioneer - المسرح الشعر...Al Baha University
Many central playwrights significantly contributed to the progress and advancement of Arabic drama. They were apt to achieve dramatic illustrations in several Arabic countries all the way through ages and places. Still, this study attempts to shed light on an innovator poet-dramatist who represents many cultures and experiences. It aims at displaying the most significant features of renovation associated with the development of the modern Arabic poetic drama that employs history and social problems to present a vision for Arabic literature in the contemporary age. The researcher adopts the critical-descriptive approach in analyzing the poet-dramatist, Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, and two of his poetic dramas. It is mapped with an introductory overview dealing with a concise notion of drama, concentrating predominantly on poetic drama. The foremost part copes with the developer and pioneer Ali Ahmad Ba-Kathir, focusing on his thoughts and experiences in the field. The paper, then, moves ahead to deal with two verse plays as a model of his craftsmanship and mastery. After that, the study finishes with a brief argument and/or recommendations and an end.
A Voice of Arabs Taabbata-Sharran: A Bandit by Name a Poet of Pride - صوت من...Al Baha University
The magnitude of the Arabic language holds back from its being one of the unblemished languages in its brilliance and its reiterated capability to adapt to countless different sciences and knowledge. The Arabic language has reached creativity and ingenuity in diverse fields and genres of literature in which the supreme is poetry. This article attempts to present the inner landscapes of Taabbata-Sharran and his profession placing him in the context of both his social milieu and his age.
The paper aims at studying the figurative, allegorical and appealing images in Al-Gafiah of Taabbata-Sharran in which it follows the inferential inductive critical methodology concentrating analytically on his Al-Gafiah poem. The study attempts to divulge in the analysis the appealing qualities and poetic matters as well as the rhetorical images in it with particular reference to the first ten verse lines. The article begins with an introduction to Arabia and the Arabic Poetic Language then shifts to shed light on the poet Taabbata-Sharran as a great poet of Arabia, the center of the Arabic language. It is concluded with a brief examination and comments on the poem Al-Gafiah trying to catch on the original Arab ideals, morals, integrity, and beliefs in the pre-Islamic Epoch it contains.
This document is an English translation of an interview with C.L. Jose, a Malayalam playwright, director, and actor. It includes an introduction discussing translation of drama from one language to another. The challenges include balancing literary translation with performability on stage. C.L. Jose's play "Interview" is then summarized, which explores a young man waiting for a job interview and interacting with the office peon.
The Influence of Ibrahim Khafaji as Arabic Lyric Poet - تأثير إبراهيم خفاجي: ...Al Baha University
This document summarizes the influence of Ibrahim Khafaji as an Arabic lyric poet in Saudi Arabia. It begins with an introduction to Arabic poetry as a prominent genre in ancient and modern Arabic literature. It then provides a brief overview of contemporary poetry in Saudi Arabia and its development. The document focuses on analyzing Khafaji's contributions as a significant modern Saudi poet, examining one of his poems in detail. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of Arabic poetry in recording Arab history and culture.
The article summarizes an interview with Mahmud Darwish, a renowned Palestinian poet. Some key points:
1) Darwish discusses finding inspiration and distance to write poetry while living in Paris. He now lives in Ramallah but finds it difficult to write under occupation.
2) He addresses controversies his work has caused in Israel, with some interpreting his poems as a call for Israelis to leave.
3) Darwish reflects on his upbringing in a village in Galilee that was destroyed in 1948, forcing his family to flee to Lebanon as refugees.
Hassan ibn Thabit: An Original Arabic Tongue (2) حسان بن ثابت: لسان عربي أصيل Al Baha University
As it is suggested and recommended in the first part of a previous paper that carries the same title, this paper is a continuous effort not to claim to be wide-ranging in mastering a poetic piece as one sort of expressive manuscript in Arabic but an impartial effort through analytical assessment of a poem. The study is limited to a few selected verses of Hassan ibn Thabit poem named ‘Al Alef rhymed (قافية الألف).’ It is a representative of the Arabic tongue and its magnificence. It is a piece of poetry that cannot be examined and scrutinized in a short paper like this.
The study focuses, with analysis, on six verse lines – 17/22 – of Hassan ibn Thabit's poem mentioned above. It employs an analytical and critical method, makes an effort to illustrate the inspiration of Arabic poetry as a means of the tongue and its grandeur and glory. The study initiates with an introduction raising the importance of Arabic classical poetic tongue. Then it goes go forward to give a picture of Hassan ibn Thabit as a man and a poet. The researcher, then, shifts to the foremost segment of the study, attempting to bring an interpretation to some selected verses of Hassan’s above-mentioned long poem. The paper reaches its conclusion by a concise discussion and recommendatory afterword.
Modern Saudi Poetry: Mohammad Hasan Awwad’s Night and Me, in Balance - الشعر ...Al Baha University
This document discusses Arabic poetry, particularly modern Saudi poetry. It begins by highlighting the importance of poetry in Arabic literature and pre-Islamic Arabian society. It then examines the development of poetry and literary movements in Saudi Arabia. The main section analyzes selected verses from the poem "Night and Me" by modern Saudi poet Mohammad Hasan Awwad, praising his rebellious style. It concludes by affirming the ongoing greatness of Arabic poetry.
This document provides a summary of Palestinian poet Mahmud Darwish's life and significance. It discusses how Darwish experienced the Nakba as a child, grew up under Israeli military rule, and went into exile in Lebanon. As a major Palestinian intellectual, Darwish helped reconstruct Palestinian national identity and played a key role in drafting the 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence, which called for a two-state solution. Darwish was a hugely popular and influential poet who gave voice to the Palestinian experience through his works. The passing of Darwish may mark the end of an era of evolving Palestinian aspirations toward a more tolerant and compromising resolution to the conflict.
This document is a collection of poems by Mahmoud Darwish and Haroldo de Campos. Darwish's poem reflects on discovering the fragility of the earth and sea, and trying to find his place through both geography and history. He discusses using poetry to transcend national boundaries and represent Palestine on a universal scale. De Campos' poem compares Brazilian poetry to a mythological hero in that it was born fully formed, using a universal Baroque language from the start instead of having an infancy.
Saudi-German Hip-Hop performance in JeddahRoberta Fedele
Paper version of my article on the “Jeddah Hip Hop Jam” event that featured German Rapper and Producer Max Herre and Saudi Rapper ‘Qusai’ accompanied by Saudi hip-hop crews “J-FAM” and “Run Junction.”
Literary translation in the 21th centurysaronah1994
Literary translation involves translating works such as poetry, plays, novels and memoirs to allow people to benefit from other cultures. In the 21st century, advances in technology provide new tools to aid in translation. Some examples of novels translated to English this century include "The Cave" by Sarah Moga, "My Name is Red" by Orhan Pamuk, and "The Shadow of the Wind" by Carlos Ruiz Zafon. While accuracy was previously the goal, translation now focuses more on maintaining the overall meaning while considering aesthetics and structure.
Thu Al-Ausb’a Al-'Adwani: An Arabic Poet of Acuity with Eternal Arguments - ...Al Baha University
This document provides an overview of the Arabic poet Thu Al-Ausb'a Al-'Adwani. It discusses his life, noting he was from the powerful tribe of Adwan. The document analyzes some of Thu Al-Ausb'a's poetry, highlighting his wisdom and perspectives. It also provides context on the importance of poetry in pre-Islamic Arabic culture and how poets like Thu Al-Ausb'a helped establish classical Arabic.
“Translation and Literary History an Indian View - Ganesh Devy Daya Vaghani
This document discusses Ganesh Devy's article on translation and literary history from an Indian perspective. It begins by introducing Ganesh Devy and some other Indian scholars. Roman Jakobson and J.C. Catford are discussed for their theories on translation linguistics. The article argues that translation is important for transmitting literary movements across languages but is often seen as unoriginal in the West. However, Indian philosophies view translation differently by seeing the essence or meaning as preserved when transforming between forms.
Literary translation in the 21th centurysaronah1994
Literary translation in the 21st century involves translating works of literature like novels, poems, stories and plays between languages. While translation has existed for a long time, it developed further in the 21st century due to technological advances. Some examples of novels translated to English this century include "The Cave" by Sarah Moghadam and "My Name is Red" by Orhan Pamuk, originally in Turkish. While translation aims to convey meaning, achieving complete structural and aesthetic similarity is difficult, so translators focus on accurately transferring the core meaning.
National Literature in a Multilingual Nation. Sujit chandak pre ph d presenta...Sujit Chandak
It was a presentation of a research topic as part of the Pre-Phd course work assessment @ University of Mumbai. The topic was to be entirely different from one's proposed research work. Made this PPT which was handy while speaking...
This document discusses comparative Indian literature and the work of scholar Sisir Kumar Das. It contains the following information:
1. It provides background on Das and his work to establish Indian literature as a field of study that examines connections between Indian languages and literatures.
2. It summarizes Das' view that literature departments had artificially separated literatures that are more meaningfully studied comparatively.
3. It outlines some of Das' major ideas about how to approach the study of comparative Indian literature, including examining themes, forms, and attitudes that create unity between Indian literary traditions.
Comparative literature amd translation studiesKishan55555
Tejaswini Niranjana examines how translation has historically functioned as a tool of colonial domination and the construction of colonial subjectivities. She argues that translation presented the colonial view of non-Western cultures and peoples as the transparent truth, erasing heterogeneity. Niranjana also discusses how post-structuralism's critique of concepts like representation, history, and the construction of difference can provide a framework to rethink translation's role and move towards practices that resist colonial frameworks. Her analysis suggests translation and histories are intertwined and both can be reinscribed through post-colonial and post-structuralist perspectives.
Introduction : what is comparative literature today ?Riddhi Bhatt
This document provides an overview and analysis of comparative literature according to Susan Bassnett. It summarizes that comparative literature involves the study of texts across cultures and time periods, but there is no single agreed upon definition or methodology. Bassnett argues that different scholars have defined it in different ways and there is no single framework. It also discusses how comparative literature has evolved dynamically over time and faced a crisis of identity in postmodernism as its status as a discrete discipline was questioned.
Comparative literature and translation studies Pina Gondaliya
This presentation discusses the role of translation in shaping modernist poetic sensibilities in India between 1950-1970. It examines examples from Bengali, Malayalam, and Marathi literature to show how translating modern Western poets helped breach prevailing literary conventions. Many Indian poets were also translators, and translation from Latin American poets like Neruda played a role in Indian modernism. The presentation argues that translation enacted critical evaluation and intervention, legitimizing a new poetic form during India's modernist phase.
Comparative Literature in India An article major points Subha Chakraborty Das...KhushbuLakhupota
Comparative Literature in India began at Jadavpur University, influenced by Rabindranath Tagore's ideas of world literature. While initially focused on British literature, it gradually included more Indian and global literatures. Approaches shifted from influence to cross-cultural relations and reception studies. Comparative Literature now engages areas like marginalized spaces, recovering new literary relations, and interfaces with translation and cultural studies to foster non-hierarchical connections between literatures.
“Translation and literary history an indian view- - ganesh devy Aditi Vala
This document discusses Ganesh Devy's views on translation and literary history from an Indian perspective. It begins by outlining Roman Jakobson and J.C. Catford's theories on translation from a linguistic standpoint. It then analyzes how translation was used to transmit literary movements across languages and the role of Orientalism in European studies. Finally, it concludes that comparative literature involves shared and unique areas of significance between languages and that Indian philosophies see translation as a process of transforming and revitalizing original works while maintaining their essence, making translation a core part of Indian literary traditions.
1) The document summarizes a poem called "Heydar Babaya Selam" written by Mohammad Hossein Behjat Tabrizi, known as Shahriar.
2) The poem was published in 1953 in Azerbaijan as a new year's gift and became instantly popular, learning by heart among the public and spreading across Azerbaijan.
3) The poem was inspired by Shahriar's childhood memories in Azerbaijan and experiences there, and came to represent a turning point in Shahriar's career and in the literature of Azerbaijan.
Carta octavio febrero.doc [modo de compatibilidad]ccoopolicialocal
El documento expresa la preocupación de los sindicatos CC.OO, UGT y CSIF por el incumplimiento de compromisos por parte de la Secretaría de Estado para la Seguridad Social relacionados con el adelanto de la edad de jubilación en los Cuerpos de Policía. Solicitan una reunión urgente para establecer un calendario de trabajo que permita estudiar el acceso a coeficientes reductores en la edad de jubilación para todos los cuerpos policiales, advirtiendo que de lo contrario se verán obligados a tomar otras medidas
The article summarizes an interview with Mahmud Darwish, a renowned Palestinian poet. Some key points:
1) Darwish discusses finding inspiration and distance to write poetry while living in Paris. He now lives in Ramallah but finds it difficult to write under occupation.
2) He addresses controversies his work has caused in Israel, with some interpreting his poems as a call for Israelis to leave.
3) Darwish reflects on his upbringing in a village in Galilee that was destroyed in 1948, forcing his family to flee to Lebanon as refugees.
Hassan ibn Thabit: An Original Arabic Tongue (2) حسان بن ثابت: لسان عربي أصيل Al Baha University
As it is suggested and recommended in the first part of a previous paper that carries the same title, this paper is a continuous effort not to claim to be wide-ranging in mastering a poetic piece as one sort of expressive manuscript in Arabic but an impartial effort through analytical assessment of a poem. The study is limited to a few selected verses of Hassan ibn Thabit poem named ‘Al Alef rhymed (قافية الألف).’ It is a representative of the Arabic tongue and its magnificence. It is a piece of poetry that cannot be examined and scrutinized in a short paper like this.
The study focuses, with analysis, on six verse lines – 17/22 – of Hassan ibn Thabit's poem mentioned above. It employs an analytical and critical method, makes an effort to illustrate the inspiration of Arabic poetry as a means of the tongue and its grandeur and glory. The study initiates with an introduction raising the importance of Arabic classical poetic tongue. Then it goes go forward to give a picture of Hassan ibn Thabit as a man and a poet. The researcher, then, shifts to the foremost segment of the study, attempting to bring an interpretation to some selected verses of Hassan’s above-mentioned long poem. The paper reaches its conclusion by a concise discussion and recommendatory afterword.
Modern Saudi Poetry: Mohammad Hasan Awwad’s Night and Me, in Balance - الشعر ...Al Baha University
This document discusses Arabic poetry, particularly modern Saudi poetry. It begins by highlighting the importance of poetry in Arabic literature and pre-Islamic Arabian society. It then examines the development of poetry and literary movements in Saudi Arabia. The main section analyzes selected verses from the poem "Night and Me" by modern Saudi poet Mohammad Hasan Awwad, praising his rebellious style. It concludes by affirming the ongoing greatness of Arabic poetry.
This document provides a summary of Palestinian poet Mahmud Darwish's life and significance. It discusses how Darwish experienced the Nakba as a child, grew up under Israeli military rule, and went into exile in Lebanon. As a major Palestinian intellectual, Darwish helped reconstruct Palestinian national identity and played a key role in drafting the 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence, which called for a two-state solution. Darwish was a hugely popular and influential poet who gave voice to the Palestinian experience through his works. The passing of Darwish may mark the end of an era of evolving Palestinian aspirations toward a more tolerant and compromising resolution to the conflict.
This document is a collection of poems by Mahmoud Darwish and Haroldo de Campos. Darwish's poem reflects on discovering the fragility of the earth and sea, and trying to find his place through both geography and history. He discusses using poetry to transcend national boundaries and represent Palestine on a universal scale. De Campos' poem compares Brazilian poetry to a mythological hero in that it was born fully formed, using a universal Baroque language from the start instead of having an infancy.
Saudi-German Hip-Hop performance in JeddahRoberta Fedele
Paper version of my article on the “Jeddah Hip Hop Jam” event that featured German Rapper and Producer Max Herre and Saudi Rapper ‘Qusai’ accompanied by Saudi hip-hop crews “J-FAM” and “Run Junction.”
Literary translation in the 21th centurysaronah1994
Literary translation involves translating works such as poetry, plays, novels and memoirs to allow people to benefit from other cultures. In the 21st century, advances in technology provide new tools to aid in translation. Some examples of novels translated to English this century include "The Cave" by Sarah Moga, "My Name is Red" by Orhan Pamuk, and "The Shadow of the Wind" by Carlos Ruiz Zafon. While accuracy was previously the goal, translation now focuses more on maintaining the overall meaning while considering aesthetics and structure.
Thu Al-Ausb’a Al-'Adwani: An Arabic Poet of Acuity with Eternal Arguments - ...Al Baha University
This document provides an overview of the Arabic poet Thu Al-Ausb'a Al-'Adwani. It discusses his life, noting he was from the powerful tribe of Adwan. The document analyzes some of Thu Al-Ausb'a's poetry, highlighting his wisdom and perspectives. It also provides context on the importance of poetry in pre-Islamic Arabic culture and how poets like Thu Al-Ausb'a helped establish classical Arabic.
“Translation and Literary History an Indian View - Ganesh Devy Daya Vaghani
This document discusses Ganesh Devy's article on translation and literary history from an Indian perspective. It begins by introducing Ganesh Devy and some other Indian scholars. Roman Jakobson and J.C. Catford are discussed for their theories on translation linguistics. The article argues that translation is important for transmitting literary movements across languages but is often seen as unoriginal in the West. However, Indian philosophies view translation differently by seeing the essence or meaning as preserved when transforming between forms.
Literary translation in the 21th centurysaronah1994
Literary translation in the 21st century involves translating works of literature like novels, poems, stories and plays between languages. While translation has existed for a long time, it developed further in the 21st century due to technological advances. Some examples of novels translated to English this century include "The Cave" by Sarah Moghadam and "My Name is Red" by Orhan Pamuk, originally in Turkish. While translation aims to convey meaning, achieving complete structural and aesthetic similarity is difficult, so translators focus on accurately transferring the core meaning.
National Literature in a Multilingual Nation. Sujit chandak pre ph d presenta...Sujit Chandak
It was a presentation of a research topic as part of the Pre-Phd course work assessment @ University of Mumbai. The topic was to be entirely different from one's proposed research work. Made this PPT which was handy while speaking...
This document discusses comparative Indian literature and the work of scholar Sisir Kumar Das. It contains the following information:
1. It provides background on Das and his work to establish Indian literature as a field of study that examines connections between Indian languages and literatures.
2. It summarizes Das' view that literature departments had artificially separated literatures that are more meaningfully studied comparatively.
3. It outlines some of Das' major ideas about how to approach the study of comparative Indian literature, including examining themes, forms, and attitudes that create unity between Indian literary traditions.
Comparative literature amd translation studiesKishan55555
Tejaswini Niranjana examines how translation has historically functioned as a tool of colonial domination and the construction of colonial subjectivities. She argues that translation presented the colonial view of non-Western cultures and peoples as the transparent truth, erasing heterogeneity. Niranjana also discusses how post-structuralism's critique of concepts like representation, history, and the construction of difference can provide a framework to rethink translation's role and move towards practices that resist colonial frameworks. Her analysis suggests translation and histories are intertwined and both can be reinscribed through post-colonial and post-structuralist perspectives.
Introduction : what is comparative literature today ?Riddhi Bhatt
This document provides an overview and analysis of comparative literature according to Susan Bassnett. It summarizes that comparative literature involves the study of texts across cultures and time periods, but there is no single agreed upon definition or methodology. Bassnett argues that different scholars have defined it in different ways and there is no single framework. It also discusses how comparative literature has evolved dynamically over time and faced a crisis of identity in postmodernism as its status as a discrete discipline was questioned.
Comparative literature and translation studies Pina Gondaliya
This presentation discusses the role of translation in shaping modernist poetic sensibilities in India between 1950-1970. It examines examples from Bengali, Malayalam, and Marathi literature to show how translating modern Western poets helped breach prevailing literary conventions. Many Indian poets were also translators, and translation from Latin American poets like Neruda played a role in Indian modernism. The presentation argues that translation enacted critical evaluation and intervention, legitimizing a new poetic form during India's modernist phase.
Comparative Literature in India An article major points Subha Chakraborty Das...KhushbuLakhupota
Comparative Literature in India began at Jadavpur University, influenced by Rabindranath Tagore's ideas of world literature. While initially focused on British literature, it gradually included more Indian and global literatures. Approaches shifted from influence to cross-cultural relations and reception studies. Comparative Literature now engages areas like marginalized spaces, recovering new literary relations, and interfaces with translation and cultural studies to foster non-hierarchical connections between literatures.
“Translation and literary history an indian view- - ganesh devy Aditi Vala
This document discusses Ganesh Devy's views on translation and literary history from an Indian perspective. It begins by outlining Roman Jakobson and J.C. Catford's theories on translation from a linguistic standpoint. It then analyzes how translation was used to transmit literary movements across languages and the role of Orientalism in European studies. Finally, it concludes that comparative literature involves shared and unique areas of significance between languages and that Indian philosophies see translation as a process of transforming and revitalizing original works while maintaining their essence, making translation a core part of Indian literary traditions.
1) The document summarizes a poem called "Heydar Babaya Selam" written by Mohammad Hossein Behjat Tabrizi, known as Shahriar.
2) The poem was published in 1953 in Azerbaijan as a new year's gift and became instantly popular, learning by heart among the public and spreading across Azerbaijan.
3) The poem was inspired by Shahriar's childhood memories in Azerbaijan and experiences there, and came to represent a turning point in Shahriar's career and in the literature of Azerbaijan.
Carta octavio febrero.doc [modo de compatibilidad]ccoopolicialocal
El documento expresa la preocupación de los sindicatos CC.OO, UGT y CSIF por el incumplimiento de compromisos por parte de la Secretaría de Estado para la Seguridad Social relacionados con el adelanto de la edad de jubilación en los Cuerpos de Policía. Solicitan una reunión urgente para establecer un calendario de trabajo que permita estudiar el acceso a coeficientes reductores en la edad de jubilación para todos los cuerpos policiales, advirtiendo que de lo contrario se verán obligados a tomar otras medidas
Eko-por es una empresa que ofrece una alternativa de reciclaje de icopor que sea sustentable y amigable con el medio ambiente. El proceso de Eko-por permite recircular el poliestireno nuevamente en el mercado, generando impactos positivos como la creación de puestos de trabajo, la disminución de residuos sólidos y el aumento de la vida útil de los rellenos sanitarios.
Este documento presenta un formato para organizar información sobre el tiempo histórico de acuerdo a fuentes primarias. Incluye un cuadro con 13 fuentes primarias ordenadas cronológicamente, que van desde 1934 hasta 1997. Las fuentes describen eventos y discusiones relacionadas a la educación y a la implementación de la reforma educativa en México durante el periodo de Lázaro Cárdenas. Además, se pide identificar en un mapa los lugares donde ocurrieron los eventos descritos y notar su importancia en el contexto
Este documento discute los problemas de estrés y salud laboral que enfrentan los cuerpos policiales en España. Resalta que los policías tienen altos niveles de estrés, depresión, ansiedad y otros problemas de salud debido a las exigencias de su trabajo. Propone medidas legislativas y sindicales para mejorar las condiciones laborales y la salud de los policías, como desarrollar un catálogo de enfermedades profesionales y anticipar la edad de jubilación.
This document discusses stress management through yoga. It begins by defining stress and its types, including psychological and physical stresses. It then outlines the physical, mental, and behavioral symptoms of stress. The document describes the mechanisms of stress-related diseases and conditions like atherosclerosis, diabetes, and thyroid disorders that can result. It presents yogic practices like asanas, pranayama, meditation, and relaxation as an integrated approach to managing stress and reducing its health impacts. These yogic techniques target different layers of existence from the physical to mental to spiritual to promote holistic health.
Responsibility accounting involves accumulating and reporting costs based on individual managers who control decision making. It traces costs to managers responsible for incurring those costs. Responsibility accounting establishes control through decentralized decision making while retaining overall control. It encourages budgeting and comparison to actual results. Managers are accountable to explain variances from budgets. Responsibility centers include cost centers, profit centers, revenue centers, contribution centers, and investment centers. Principles of responsibility accounting include determining responsibility centers, setting targets, comparing actuals to targets, analyzing variances, taking corrective action, offering incentives, excluding uncontrollable costs, and generating responsibility reports. Difficulties can arise from unclear organization structures and responsibilities as well as distinguishing controllable and uncont
Bochnia is a town of 30,000 inhabitants in southern Poland known for its salt mine, the oldest functioning in Europe dating back to 1248. The salt mine, now over 4.5 km long and 468 m deep, has been converted into a tourist attraction visited by 150,000 people annually. It offers tours, an underground ferry, train rides, and the world's longest mine slide. Bochnia's other attractions include the Museum of Stanisław Fischer located in a historic Dominican monastery, the Arthropoda Butterfly Museum with over 4,500 specimens, and St. Nicholas Church dating to the 15th century. The town also has an archaeological reconstruction of a 13th century village.
Sorokin distinguishes between horizontal and vertical social mobility. Horizontal mobility refers to changes within the same social status level, such as changing political or religious affiliations. Vertical mobility involves changing social strata, either ascending to a higher level or descending to a lower level. Education promotes social mobility by providing opportunities and motivating people to change occupations. While social mobility can promote individual development and social progress, it can also lead to disorder and discontent within societies.
Home in the Poetry of Saudi Arabia Poets: Abdus-Salam Hafeth an Example of a ...Al Baha University
المستخلص:
تهدف هذه الدراسة، التي تحمل عنوان
" Home in the Poetry of Saudi Arabia Poets: Abdus-Salam Hafeth an Example of a Distinguished Arab (2)"،
إلى إلقاء الضوء على بعض الجوانب الأدبية في الشعر العربي السعودي الحديث، مع التركيز على مفهوم الوطن كمثال على مكانة الشعر السعودي الحديث، في إشارة خاصة إلى الشاعر السعودي المعاصر عبد السلام هاشم حافظ، يسعى الباحث إلى إظهار فطنة وملكة الشاعر من خلال إبراز مدينته الرائعة، المدينة المنورة، كرمز لحبه للوطن الجلل الجليل - المملكة العربية السعودية، تبدأ الدراسة بمقدمة موجزة عن الشعر العربي ولغته العربية الفصحى. ثم تعرض الدراسة صورة رمزية للشاعر السعودي المتميز عبد السلام هاشم حافظ والشعر السعودي بشكل عام، بعد ذلك، تتبنى الدراسة نهجًا تحليليًا نقديًا لمتنن الدراسة المتمثل في شرح عدد من الابيات الشعرية – من البيت الشعري الخامس الى الثامن من قصيدة حافظ، "الشوق يا وطني"، مع التركيز على مفهوم الوطن باعتباره الموضوع الجوهري وكذلك التطرق الى موهبة الشاعر في استخدام اللغة العربية كلغة عظيمة وجليلة، في النهاية، ينتهي البحث بالفرضيات والتوصيات، ان وجدت.
-------
Abstract
This study aims to shed light on some literary aspects of modern Saudi Arabic poetry, focusing on the concept of homeland as an example of the standing of modern Saudi poetry, with a specific reference to a contemporary Saudi poet, Abdus-Salam Hashem Hafeth. The researcher seeks to show the poet's intellect by showing his gorgeous metropolis as a symbol of his love for the grand home - the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study begins with a brief introduction to Arabic poetry and its language. Then it gives a symbolic picture of the outstanding Saudi poet – Abdus-Salam Hashem Hafeth and Saudi poetry in general. Following that, the study takes a critical-analytical approach to the second four verse lines of Hafeth's poem, 'Nostalgia, Oh my Home,' focusing on the concept of home as its main theme as well talent of the poet in using the grand Arabic language. Eventually, the research is concluded with a short premise and comments.
Translating Contextualized Arabic Euphemisms Into English: Socio-Cultural Per...Ekrema Shehab
This document discusses translating contextualized Arabic euphemisms into English from a socio-cultural perspective. It begins by introducing the concept of euphemism and how euphemisms are used differently across cultures and languages to discuss taboo topics. The document then examines challenges that arise when translating Arabic euphemisms into English due to differing cultural norms and values between the two languages. Specifically, it analyzes examples where Arabic euphemisms were replaced or substituted with dysphemistic English terms that promote negative stereotypes of Arab/Muslim culture. Overall, the document advocates that the socio-cultural context surrounding Arabic euphemisms must be considered when translating to avoid distorted or stereotypical interpretations.
The Thousand and One Nights: Sources, Transformations, and Relationship with ...Encyclopaedia Iranica
This document announces a conference on "The Thousand and One Nights: Sources, Transformations, and Relationship with Literature, the Arts and the Sciences" to be held at Harvard University and the Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales in April 2015. The conference will explore the Nights' interactions with Arabic literature, Antoine Galland's 17th century French translation, the Nights' influence on world literature and other art forms, and opportunities to study the Nights through other academic disciplines. Paper proposals are invited for four panels focusing on these topics.
الوطن في شعر شعراء المملكة العربية السعودية: عبد السلام هاشم حافظ نموذج الشاع...Al Baha University
ملخص:
الشعر العربي الفصيح هو أحد اهم المرتكزات الادبية لجميع انواع الأدب في جميع البلدان والأقاليم العربية منذ عصر ما قبل الإسلام. هذه الدراسة عبارة عن محاولة لإلقاء الضوء على بعض الجوانب الأدبية للشعر العربي السعودي الحديث مع التركيز على مفهوم الوطن كتوضيح لمكانة الشعر العربي السعودي الحديث في إشارة خاصة للشاعر السعودي المعاصر عبد السلام هاشم حافظ.
قد يكون من البديهي أن تطور الشعر العربي في العصر الحالي بين الشعراء والكتاب والنقاد العرب هو مقياس إيجابي، ومن الطبيعي أن يعمم الأمر والسياق نفسه عن الشعر السعودي المعاصر من حيث كونه جزء من الشعر العربي الواسع ومتطابقاً معه نظرًا لأنه يعتبر بطبيعة الحال مقياساً أساسياً ومتصل بالشعر العربي، من خلال ذلك كله يسعى الباحث إلى توضيح فِكرُ الشاعر عبد السلام هاشم حافظ في تصوير مدينته المجيدة كممثل لعشقه للوطن الكبير - المملكة العربية السعودية.
تبدأ الدراسة بمقدمة موجزة عن الشعر العربي ووسيطه الأساسي المتمثل في اللغة العربية المجيدة، ثم تمضي قدماً تحليلياً لاستعراض مكانة وَمَلَكَةُ الشاعر السعودي عبد السلام هاشم حافظ، بعد ذلك، تجسد الدراسة موقفاً تحليلياً وناقداً للأربعة الابيات الأولى من قصيدة حافظ، التي تحمل عنوان ’الشوق، يا وطني‘ ، مع التركيز على مفهوم الوطن كونه الموضوع الرئيس في هذه الدراسة، وتنتهي الدراسة بالتوصيات، ان جدت، ثم خاتمة موجزة.
ABSTRACT:
Classical Arabic poetry is the core of all categories of literature in all Arabic lands, territories, and realms since the age of pre-Islam. This study is an attempt to shed light on some literary facets of modern Saudi Arabic poetry focusing on the concept of homeland as an illustration of the standing of modern Saudi Arabic poetry with a particular indication to a contemporary Saudi poet, Abdus-Salam Hashem Hafeth. It can be right that the progress of Arabic poetry in the present age, among Arab poets, writers, and critics has a positive measure. It is true to generalize that the same would be identical to current innovative Saudi poetry given that it is naturally considered a principal, commanding, and uninterrupted measure of Arabic poetry. The researcher endeavors to illustrate the poet's intellectuality in depicting his glorious city as a representative of his adoration for the big home - the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study commences with a concise introduction. Then, it analytically moves ahead to inspect the noteworthy Saudi poet – Abdus-Salam Hashem Hafeth. After that, the study portrays a critical-analytical attitude to the first four-verse lines of the poem of Hafeth, ‘Nostalgia, Oh my Home’, focusing on the concept of home as its principal theme. In conclusion, the study ends with a concise assumption and recommendations.
Keywords: Abdus-Salam Hashem Hafeth, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Arabic literature, Arabic poetry, home in poetry, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi poetry,
A linguistic analysis of translation in an african novelAlexander Decker
This document discusses translation in African novels, specifically analyzing proverb translations in Mawuli Adzei's novel "Taboo". It provides background on the debate around language use in African literature, including four tendencies: acceptance of colonial languages, Africanization of those languages, repudiation and return to indigenous languages, and reinvention of indigenous languages in the African diaspora. The study aims to identify linguistic features of translations in African writing by analyzing proverb translations in "Taboo" using translation theory models. It finds that translations allow incorporation of African sociocultural nuances into works in colonial languages, showing Adzei supports Africanizing those languages.
A linguistic analysis of translation in an african novelAlexander Decker
This document discusses translation in African novels. It analyzes translations of proverbs from Ewe to English in Mawuli Adzei's novel Taboo. The analysis uses Vinay and Darbelnet's translation theory model. Key findings show linguistic features and stylistic processes of translation evident in the novel. The document provides background on the debate around language use in African literature. It discusses four tendencies African writers have taken regarding language, including acceptance or rejection of colonial languages. The study is relevant to understand sociolinguistic contexts of African writing by revealing linguistic details of translations.
Translation, a Bridge for Cultural Hybridity in a Globalized Literary Worldinventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The document discusses the "cultural turn" in translation studies, which focuses on analyzing translation from a cultural perspective rather than just a linguistic one. It discusses how Bassnett and Lefevere dismissed earlier linguistic theories of translation and instead examined how culture impacts and constraints translation. The document then outlines three major areas influenced by cultural studies in translation during the 1990s: 1) Translation as rewriting, where translators can manipulate literature based on power, ideology, and institutions; 2) Translation and gender; 3) Translation as postcolonialism. It provides the example of Edward Fitzgerald's 19th century translation of Omar Khayyam, where he took liberties and conformed it to Western conventions, feeling Persians were inferior.
This document summarizes the evolution of the concept of literary adaptation from the Middle Ages to the 21st century. It discusses how adaptation was originally viewed as a type of translation in the Middle Ages that allowed for creativity. Over time, adaptation became seen more as its own creative art form rather than just a form of translation. The document traces how views shifted from seeing adaptation as a way to spread knowledge to more recent views that sometimes criticize adaptations for being "unfaithful" to the original works.
The Contribution of Arab Muslims to the Provencal Lyrical Poetry: the Troubad...Al Baha University
This study is a historical-analytical attempt to demonstrate the influence and contribution of Arab Islamic Mawashahat and Zajal on the Provencal lyrical poets – the Troubadours that sprang in south of France during the eleventh century. The study consists of three parts in which the first part represents the main part. It sheds light on the influence of Muwashashah and Zajal on the poetry of troubadours.
The second part deals with the nature of troubadours and their relation with the poetry of Muwashashah and Zajal. It is supported with five troubadour poets. The last part goes back to the beginning of the European Renaissance in the twelfth century. The European Renaissance started in Italy decades after translations of Islamic heritage, literature and science from Arabic into Latin then from Latin to other European languages. The eighth through the eleventh centuries witnessed the glorious ages of Islamic civilization and sciences in which great portion of it was shifted to Italy during and after the crusades. Thence, different parts of Europe were enlivened with the movement of translation and multi travels and cultural exchange. One of the changing factors is poetry as a branch of literature.
Lecture 1 Introduction to Translation.pptxssuser7c8e99
This document provides an overview of a university module on literary translation. It outlines the module objectives, which are to develop students' understanding of translation theory and familiarize them with literary translation through case studies. The module structure includes lectures on translation theory from various perspectives, as well as focusing on translating specific literary genres like fiction, poetry, and drama. Key texts for the module are also listed. The document then discusses some foundational concepts in translation studies, providing definitions and discussing areas like untranslatability. It concludes with an overview of translation theory from Roman times until 1900, outlining perspectives from various influential figures.
At The Threshold Of World Literature Ahmad ShawqiAshley Carter
Ahmad Shawqi was the most celebrated Arabic poet of the early 20th century in Egypt and other Arab countries, achieving fame and the title of "prince of the poets" through his neoclassical poems composed in classical Arabic styles for the Egyptian public sphere and Khedival court. However, Shawqi's adherence to traditional poetic forms led younger poets to launch a critical campaign against him, initiating a major literary confrontation over the value of his poetry and the future of Arabic letters. The controversy surrounding Shawqi highlights his position at the threshold of world literature, as his nationalizing project for Arabic poetry prevented it from fully
The document provides an overview of the evolution of translation studies from ancient times to present day. It discusses various theories and approaches to translation that have been proposed over time, including word-for-word translation, equivalence theory, Skopos theory, and more recent target-oriented approaches. The document also briefly discusses the ancient Babylonian empire and the role of translation in that multilingual society.
This document discusses translation studies as a field that examines the theory, description, and application of translation between languages and texts. It traces the history and development of translation from ancient times to modern developments. Key debates in the field include whether translation should prioritize the source or target language/culture, and how concepts like equivalence, invisibility of the translator, and ethics are approached. The document also examines challenges in translating different text types like literature, poetry, legal texts and the Quran. Methods of translation discussed include word-for-word, dynamic equivalence, paraphrasing, and the linguistic approaches of Roman Jakobson.
This document discusses the English translation of Tang poetry based on the theories of cultural self-confidence and selective adaptation. It analyzes five English versions of the Tang poem "Changgan Xing" by Li Bai using Wang Feng's "Harmony-guided Three-level Criteria of Poetry Translation." The criteria embody cultural self-confidence and conform to the spiritual essence of selective adaptation theory. Translating Tang poetry into English can effectively disseminate Chinese poetry and improve China's soft power, but there are challenges due to differences between Chinese and English languages and cultures. Selective adaptation is needed to deal with these differences while maintaining the artistic essence of the original works.
“Translation and Literary History:An Indian View by Ganesh DevyDaya Vaghani
This document discusses the role of translation in shaping literary history and traditions from an Indian perspective. It addresses how translations are often viewed as less original than original works but argues that many literary movements and traditions originated through acts of translation. It notes that translations both approximate the original work while also transcending it as the work takes on a new life in another language. The author argues for viewing translations and original works as part of a continuum rather than a hierarchy, noting that Indian philosophical traditions see passing between forms in a similar way.
“Translation and literary history an indian view - ganesh devy ( Introductory)Aditi Vala
This document discusses the role of translation in shaping literary history and traditions from an Indian perspective. It addresses how translations are often viewed as less original than original works but argues that many literary movements and traditions originated through acts of translation. It notes that Indian philosophies see form and essence as separable, allowing translated works to take on new forms while maintaining significance. The document examines debates around how to classify translations and their relationship to original works in literary history.
Similar to Nuance, Change, Challenge and Networks in the Translation of Religious Poetry. Perspectives March 2016 (20)
“Translation and literary history an indian view - ganesh devy ( Introductory)
Nuance, Change, Challenge and Networks in the Translation of Religious Poetry. Perspectives March 2016
1. Nuance, Change, Challenge and Networks in the Translation of Religious Poetry:
Cultural Bridging through Ethnographical Networking in the United Arab Emirates
The paper highlights the background of producing a context-sensitive co-translation of a key
Emirati religious poem. Fully sensible of the many challenges involved, the venture has no
guarantee of comprehensive success. The debt to intangible Emirati heritage is acknowledged
through a joint translation strategy, which helps to help engage non-specialists in the culture
and as the UAE repositions itself within the literary community, such efforts are being
increasingly recognized.
In order to make sense of my linguistic environment, a personalized co-translated collection
of poetry, negotiated through a network of key Emirati actors, was produced. This included a
religious poem and, as translators historically have not tended to be degree specialists, it was
vital to negotiate an appropriate form of words. As when writing of the Moors, Burckhardt
(1975) stated, “In order to understand a culture, it is necessary to feel affinity for its values...
at least in those which meet not only the physical but also the spiritual requirements of man,
without which life is meaningless” (p. 7).
To this end, the poetry of Ousha al Suwaidi, the “It Girl of the Arabs,” (Fatat al Arab), was
accessed, specifically حمهّوالر ّومصال شهر (Shahar al som wah al rahma). The Month of
Fasting and Mercy attracted me in a quest to understand the key Islamic pillar of Ramadan,
and this journey led to the Women’s Museum in Dubai and the Diwan. As theological
issues should not be misrepresented at any level, due diligence was used and linguistic,
behavioural and aesthetic components intertwined in consideration of the target language.
Contextual implications, the distinctive voice of a poet, together with a faithful processing
of the Emirati Arabic and Islamic ideals (al adab) all had to be combined. The use of
impeccable form with content found in the calligraphy in the Ousha Diwan, a tactile and
visual use of the medium, assisted the recording and publishing of her poetry to impact
readers.
Yet the framework of variables presented here is still a narrative without a final chapter.
The need to revisit it over time is evidenced and remains the research intention. The
sections below set out some of the historical concerns and modern day challenges involved.
The Spoken Word as Text
To begin with, transmission of religious texts originally may have been as an initiation into
a small community with a secret language, and losing this separateness often led to a fear
that the text might become corrupted when networks were extended. Later recording
through writing was then seen as another initiation (Goody, 1986).
The importance of records meant that purity of transmission was paramount, so texts were
memorized, informing the consciousness of the faithful (Schiffman, 1996). Additionally, the
seven or ten readers or transmitters (Qira’a) of the Qu’ran are a documented chain; this
means any dissemination of Islamic concepts is heavily scrutinized.
2. The need to avoid exploitation of the contributor, a consideration of copyright issues,
avoidance of bias reflected in the choice of terminology, correct positioning towards sources,
key actors and sponsorship, and an accepted translation process through scrupulous cross-
checking of English and Arabic were some issues that arose. Refreshment of the
authentication process, avoidance of cultural misunderstanding, and misappropriation of
intangible heritage were also major concerns.
Transmission: Nuance
To show both the continuing appeal of theological poetry and of the study of other literatures,
benchmarking of the many translations of Dante’s Divine Comedy proved useful. Possible
structural forms of prose, blank verse or rhyme is just one aspect of translation, and the
Paradiso opens:
La gloria di colui che tutto move
Per l’universo penetra, e resplende
In una parte piu e meno altrove. (Dante Alighieri, 1997)
Cary translated this Canto as:
His glory, by whose might all things are mov'd,
Pierces the universe, and in one part
Sheds more resplendence, elsewhere less. (Dante Alighieri, 2004)
While the Hollanders used:
The glory of Him who moves all things
Pervades the universe and shines
In one part more and in another less (Dante Alighieri, 2007)
Dante’s penetra has become “pierces,” or “pervades,” and while there is a certain amount
of license, the choices are faithful to the original text. The text continues to inspire scrutiny
today.
Nor was all translation treated as purely devotional within the ranks of the religious orders, as
Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, a satire of the estates and “condiciouns,” shows. His use of
Chaunticleer in The Nun’s Priest’s Tale as a ready target of social banter, parading erudition
to court Pertelope, is hilarious. Similarly, attempts to translate Ousha’s work from a relatively
closed circle of Arabic readers to a mainstream English audience may yet amuse many.
Moreover, established networks originating in the Middle East, echoed in the recent co-
translation of The West-East Divan. The Poems, with “Notes and Essays”: Goethe’s
Intercultural Dialogues, have proven seminal (Bidney & von Arnim, 2000). Interest in co-
translation, comparative literature and religious poetry is refocused, yet as the search for
theoretical approaches remains a contentious one, such an exercise is not for the fainthearted
(House, 2014).
3. As Ousha’s Diwan in the Women’s Museum, Dubai, provides a welcome focus for host
culture, this intimate yet at the same time soft mass-mediation of vernacular poetry, what
Dueck might describe as a “poetical public,” celebrates inter-cultural communication (in
press, p. 13). Residents, tourists, and Emiratis are involved in the experience of her poetry
and its celebration. The collective response is both a private and a public action, and while
aspects of Eastern culture such as Perso-Arabic and Indian art, narrative and television also
influence Emirati performance, aesthetics and language, Emirati poetry is quite distinctive.
The lexis used in translating the poem attempts to avoid potential negative effects caused by
the asymmetrical relationship of English to Arabic, and an implicit social value was attached
to the exercise, rather than mere cultural inquiry. Following Newmark (1984, p. 61) and
“designed to satisfy both the author of the text and the reader of the translation in equal
measure,” the project has included translations of oral al Nabati poems which also had some
religious content.
Paired with Emirati Muslims, checking both on lexis and axiology, and finally drawing on the
language of the King James Bible and Christian devotional poetry, a final version was
presented. As Dante was familiar with the works of Muslim writers like Ibn Arabi, according
to Copleston (1950), classical precedent has been used to reference this translation process.
Capitalization of nouns such as, “Succour,” “Bounty,” and “Sustain” was used for the
properties of God in the poem in حمهّوالر ّومصال شهر (Shahar al som wah al rahma), suggesting
the beauty of the original text and also the seniority of the poet through an older version of
the English language. However, due to recent discussions, the translation is respectfully not
submitted here; the many challenges encountered in the translation are instead relayed.
Emirati Axiology: Change
Such a need to revisit the work was not unexpected. Although the original translation was
reworked and authenticated by bilingual academics prior to presentation, redirection
towards a much longer religious poem and others was advised.
As with the Qur’an, held to have been revealed in pure Arabic, any translation of Islamic
texts is problematic. The “associations that… words had for their original audience” are not
possible to replicate, but co-translation with Emirati Muslims was part of the solution to
this challenge (Irwin, 2002, ix). However, skewing translation into a particular cultural
mindset is inevitable as the circle of the cognoscenti widens (Robinson, 2000). The
community-based approach, both in terms of understanding the country’s regional dialects
and mediating Islam, may arguably provide a continuity of transmission; however, more
consultation with leading al Nabati poets has been urged and has already begun.
Robinson (1997) provides the most helpful methodological description relating to translation.
His field-dependent model relates to poetry and involves three main actions: an original
creative abduction process; an inductive process that allows for editing and finely tuned
correction; and a deduction process. This was in practice what occurred: some form of
intuitive idea of the intended meaning was arrived at, followed by a revision stage, and a final
4. polishing. Therefore, around three versions of the poem were produced, each time more and
more refined. An initial forwards co-translation was validated both forwards and backwards
by bilingual academics to resolve linguistic disagreements.
Deonics: Challenge
Inevitably, there were a number of difficulties in delivering the end product. Presented with
the co-translation, the preference of Ousha’s poetry copyright holder (R. Ghobash, personal
communication, 29 March 2015) suggested focusing more on one of her major religious
poems, limned in the Diwan of the Women’s Museum in Dubai, My Lord of Full Pardon ربي
.الغفران واسع يا. This choice was a personal favourite, one more typical of the poet’s output,
and showing, too, a deeper understanding of Islam. This request has been acceded to.
Therefore, this burgeoning collaboration may expand into a larger community project over
time.
The project is not intended to claim a full understanding of either Islam or Emirati Arabic, but
rather to try to provide a sound co-translation of Ousha’s moving words, respectfully
mediating the original. Whether this finally materializes will depend on additional extensive
networking, listening to the voices of experienced key actors, and strong ethical positioning.
Co-Translation: Networks
Hughes (cited in MacFarlane, 2009) states that “Ethical practice is an ongoing interaction of
values in shifting contexts and relationships rather than something delivered by a signed
consent form or adherence to a static set of principles” (p. 27). Undoubtedly, emergent co-
translations do have a role in the mediation of religious faith within a “micro-cosmopolitan”
and “non-exclusive reference” (Cronin, 2006). The researcher as a linguistic Gulliver, a
cultural broker positioned somewhere between an experimental control and an extended tribal
member, has implications for translation theory and practice. Accessing Ousha’s work in
translation, the English-speaking community could better appreciate the culture and talent
found in the Emirates.
The intention is to further analyze Ousha’s poems, identify other features besides structure,
theme, obsolete vocabulary, sonority and delivery, and extend the pilot further. Oral consent
from Ousha has been obtained; final approval depends on the co-translators’ end product
based upon a new poetical selection. The final decision is an Emirati one, and whatever form
is followed, it is the goodwill of key actors that is paramount. However, outside interests do
retain a bearing in such a specialist domain.
Conclusion
The many variables and parties involved in such a venture means there rarely will be
universal agreement. This does not mean that the task ought not to be attempted, but rather
that the journey ahead will take time, dedication and perseverance, and that the outcome is
uncertain. For the supporters of Ousha’s Diwan and of Emirati co-translation, however, it is
an important step and one undertaken with all due diligence. Indeed, the Diwan is much more
5. than a tourist space; it a communal centre where different languages, faiths and outlooks are
materialized (Jackson, 2005). In today’s world, surely such a venue is an attraction to many.
Debates about the relationship of the researcher with the artist, the spin of the product by
ethnographers, the range of audience response, and language codification are major parts of
global reinforcement of aesthetics and are unlikely to go dark any time soon (Brenneis,
1987). Crucially, the degree of dissemination should be delineated by the composer before
engaging with the primary audience of mediator and later being further exposed to the global
arena. Such considerations are heightened by the transmission of religious content and so
cannot be rushed. However, the past successes of networks of translators is a reminder of the
need for such a continuity of effort today.
References
Bidney, M., & von Arnim, P.A. (2010). West-East divan. The Poems, with “notes and
essays:” Goethe’s intercultural dialogues. New York: State University of New
York.
Burckhardt, T. (1975). Moorish culture in Spain. (A. Jaffa, Trans.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Brenneis, D. (1987). Performing passions: Aesthetics and politics in an occasionally
egalitarian society. American Ethnologist, 14(2), 236-250.
Cronin, M. (2006). Translation and identity. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Dante Alighieri. (1997). La Divina Commedia. Retrieved from
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1011/1011-h/1011-h.htm
Dante Alighieri. (2007). Paradiso. (R. Hollander, & J. Hollander, Trans.). New York:
Doubleday Broadway Publishing Group.
Dante Alighieri. (2004). The Vision of Paradise. (H.R. Cary, Trans). Retrieved from
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/8799/8799-h/8799-h.htm
Dueck, B. (in press). Imagining identifications: How musicians align their practices with
publics (draft). In D. Hargreaves, D. Miell & R. MacDonald (Eds.), Oxford
handbook of musical identities. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Goody, J. (1986). The logic of writing and the organization of society. Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press.
House, J. (2014). Translation: A multidisciplinary approach. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave.
Irwin, R. (2002). Night and horses and the desert. New York: Random House.
Jackson, R. (2005). Converging cultures; converging gazes; contextualizing perspectives. In
D. Crouch, R. Jackson, & F. Thompson (Eds.), The media and the tourist
imagination: Converging cultures (pp. 183-97). London: Routledge, Taylor &
Francis.
MacFarlane, B. (2009). Researching with integrity: The ethics of academic inquiry. New
York: Routledge.
Newmark, P. (1984). Approaches to translation. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
Robinson, D. (1997). Becoming a translator. London: Routledge.
Robinson, D. (2000). Sacred texts. In Peter France (Ed.), The Oxford guide to literature in
English translation (pp. 103-107). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.