The document provides information about the NTPC Dadri power plant located in Uttar Pradesh, India. It has a coal-fired thermal power plant with a capacity of 1820 MW as well as a gas-fired plant of 817 MW and a 5 MW solar plant, totaling 2642 MW. The power plant uses a steam turbine generator process to convert the heat energy from coal combustion into electrical energy. It also discusses the various units involved in this process like the boiler, turbine, alternator, condenser, and cooling towers. The control and instrumentation department works to monitor and control parameters across the plant to ensure safe and efficient operations.
Introduction To Thermal Power Plant (Steam power plant)
GENERAL LAYOUT OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
COAL HANDLING PLANT
Power Plant cycles
1. Feed Water Cycle
2. Steam Cycle
3. Condensate Cycle
4. Cooling Water Cycle
5. Air And Flue Gas Cycle
Important Power plant equipment
Deaerator
Boiler Feed Water Pump
Heaters
Economiser
Boiler
BOILER DRUM ( STEAM DRUM)
SUPER HEATER
TURBINE
CONDENSER
This PPT contains introduction and types of thermal power plants, WORKING PRINCIPLE, LAYOUT AND WORKING OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT, WORKING PRINCIPLE OF COAL BASED POWER PLANT, SITE SELECTION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT,GENERAL LAYOUT AND WORKING OF COAL BASED THERMAL POWER PLANT, PRESENT STATUS OF COAL-FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT, WASTE GENERATED IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS AND MANAGEMENT , TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE GENERATED IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS.
In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations . Main parts of the plant are 1. Coal conveyor 2. Pulverizer 3.Boiler 4. Coal ash 5. Air preheater 7. Electrostatic precipitator 8. Smoke stack 9. Turbine 10. Condenser 11. Transformers 12. Cooling towers 13. Generator 14. High votge power lines
BASIC OPERATION : A thermal power plant basically works on Rankine cycle . COAL CONVEYOR : This is a belt type of arrangement.With this coal is transported from coal storage place in power plant to the place near by boiler.
STOKER : The coal which is brought near by boiler has to put in boiler furnance for combustion. This stoker is a mechanical device for feeding coal to a furnace. PULVERIZER : The coal is put in the boiler after pulverization.For this pulverizer is used. A pulverizer is a device for grinding coal for combustion in a furnace in a power plant .An impact mill is used for this purpose.
BOILER : pulverized coal is put in boiler furnance in which water is heated and circulated until the water is turned in to steam at the required pressure. Coal is burned inside the combustion chamber of boiler. These gases which are at high temperature vaporize the water inside the boiler to steam.
SUPERHEATER : Superheater is a component of a steam-generating unit in which steam, after it has left the boiler drum, is heated above its saturation temperature. The amount of superheat added to the steam is influenced by the location, arrangement, and amount of superheater surface installed, as well as the rating of the boiler Superheaters are classified as convection , radiant or combination of these.
REHEATER : .Reheater is also steam boiler component in which heat is added to this intermediate-pressure steam, which has given up some of its energy in expansion through the high-pressure turbine. The steam after reheating is used to rotate the second steam turbine where the heat is converted to mechanical energy.
CONDENSER : Steam after rotating steam turbine comes to condenser. Condenser refers here to the shell and tube heat exchanger installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in Thermal power stations. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state. In so doing, the latent heat of steam is given out inside the condenser .
COOLING TOWERS : The condensate water after condensation is initially at high temperature. This hot water is passed to cooling towers. It is a tower in which atmospheric air circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water and the water is thereby cooled. Water, acting as the heat-transfer fluid, gives up heat to atmospheric air, and thus cooled, is recirculated through the system.
ECONOMISER : Flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat. Function of economiser is to recover some of the heat from the heat carried away in the flue gases up the chimney and utilize for heating the feed water to the boiler. It is placed in the passage
Introduction To Thermal Power Plant (Steam power plant)
GENERAL LAYOUT OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
COAL HANDLING PLANT
Power Plant cycles
1. Feed Water Cycle
2. Steam Cycle
3. Condensate Cycle
4. Cooling Water Cycle
5. Air And Flue Gas Cycle
Important Power plant equipment
Deaerator
Boiler Feed Water Pump
Heaters
Economiser
Boiler
BOILER DRUM ( STEAM DRUM)
SUPER HEATER
TURBINE
CONDENSER
This PPT contains introduction and types of thermal power plants, WORKING PRINCIPLE, LAYOUT AND WORKING OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT, WORKING PRINCIPLE OF COAL BASED POWER PLANT, SITE SELECTION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT,GENERAL LAYOUT AND WORKING OF COAL BASED THERMAL POWER PLANT, PRESENT STATUS OF COAL-FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT, WASTE GENERATED IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS AND MANAGEMENT , TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF WASTE GENERATED IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS.
In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations . Main parts of the plant are 1. Coal conveyor 2. Pulverizer 3.Boiler 4. Coal ash 5. Air preheater 7. Electrostatic precipitator 8. Smoke stack 9. Turbine 10. Condenser 11. Transformers 12. Cooling towers 13. Generator 14. High votge power lines
BASIC OPERATION : A thermal power plant basically works on Rankine cycle . COAL CONVEYOR : This is a belt type of arrangement.With this coal is transported from coal storage place in power plant to the place near by boiler.
STOKER : The coal which is brought near by boiler has to put in boiler furnance for combustion. This stoker is a mechanical device for feeding coal to a furnace. PULVERIZER : The coal is put in the boiler after pulverization.For this pulverizer is used. A pulverizer is a device for grinding coal for combustion in a furnace in a power plant .An impact mill is used for this purpose.
BOILER : pulverized coal is put in boiler furnance in which water is heated and circulated until the water is turned in to steam at the required pressure. Coal is burned inside the combustion chamber of boiler. These gases which are at high temperature vaporize the water inside the boiler to steam.
SUPERHEATER : Superheater is a component of a steam-generating unit in which steam, after it has left the boiler drum, is heated above its saturation temperature. The amount of superheat added to the steam is influenced by the location, arrangement, and amount of superheater surface installed, as well as the rating of the boiler Superheaters are classified as convection , radiant or combination of these.
REHEATER : .Reheater is also steam boiler component in which heat is added to this intermediate-pressure steam, which has given up some of its energy in expansion through the high-pressure turbine. The steam after reheating is used to rotate the second steam turbine where the heat is converted to mechanical energy.
CONDENSER : Steam after rotating steam turbine comes to condenser. Condenser refers here to the shell and tube heat exchanger installed at the outlet of every steam turbine in Thermal power stations. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state. In so doing, the latent heat of steam is given out inside the condenser .
COOLING TOWERS : The condensate water after condensation is initially at high temperature. This hot water is passed to cooling towers. It is a tower in which atmospheric air circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water and the water is thereby cooled. Water, acting as the heat-transfer fluid, gives up heat to atmospheric air, and thus cooled, is recirculated through the system.
ECONOMISER : Flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat. Function of economiser is to recover some of the heat from the heat carried away in the flue gases up the chimney and utilize for heating the feed water to the boiler. It is placed in the passage
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
For Video on Themal Power Plant (Animated Working Video) :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouWOhk1INjo
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The Vindhyachal Thermal Power Station is located in Singrauli district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. One of the coal-fired power stations of NTPC, it is the largest power station in India, with an installed capacity of 4,760 MW. The coal for the power plant is sourced from Nigahi mines, and the water is sourced from the discharge canal of Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station
In electric power generation a combined cycle is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy, which in turn usually drives electrical generators. The principle is that after completing its cycle (in the first engine), the temperature of the working fluid engine is still high enough that a second subsequent heat engine may extract energy from the waste heat that the first engine produced. By combining these multiple streams of work upon a single mechanical shaft turning an electric generator, the overall net efficiency of the system may be increased by 50–60%. That is, from an overall efficiency of say 34% (in a single cycle) to possibly an overall efficiency of 51% (in a mechanical combination of two cycles) in net Carnot thermodynamic efficiency. This can be done because heat engines are only able to use a portion of the energy their fuel generates (usually less than 50%). In an ordinary (non combined cycle) heat engine the remaining heat (e.g., hot exhaust fumes) from combustion is generally wasted.
Combining two or more thermodynamic cycles results in improved overall efficiency, reducing fuel costs. In stationary power plants, a widely used combination is a gas turbine (operating by the Brayton cycle) burning natural gas or synthesis gas from coal, whose hot exhaust powers a steam power plant (operating by the Rankine cycle). This is called a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plant, and can achieve a best-of-class real (HHV - see below) thermal efficiency of around 54% in base-load operation, in contrast to a single cycle steam power plant which is limited to efficiencies of around 35–42%. Many new gas power plants in North America and Europe are of the Combined Cycle Gas Turbine type. Such an arrangement is also used for marine propulsion, and is called a combined gas and steam (COGAS) plant. Multiple stage turbine or steam cycles are also common.
High Pressure Boilers — Classification. Construction and principle of working of Lamont boiler, Benson boiler, Loeffler boiler, Velox boiler, Schmidt Hartman boiler, Ramsin boiler Fluidized bed combustion boilers (FBC): principle, need, types, various arrangement, control system and advantages over other boiler systems. Comparison of various types of boilers Indian Boiler Regulation Act Maintenance procedure of major components of high pressure and FBC boilers
power point presentation over thermal power plantAnis Haider
vocational training, also known as Vocational Education and Training (VET) and Career and Technical Education (CTE), provides job-specific technical training for trades.Vocational training can also give applicants an edge in job searches, since they already have the certifiable knowledge they need to enter the field. this ppt was made by me during my vocational training in thermal power plant. i hope it will usefull for the technical students
thanks
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
For Video on Themal Power Plant (Animated Working Video) :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouWOhk1INjo
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Click Here To Subscribe:-
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The Vindhyachal Thermal Power Station is located in Singrauli district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. One of the coal-fired power stations of NTPC, it is the largest power station in India, with an installed capacity of 4,760 MW. The coal for the power plant is sourced from Nigahi mines, and the water is sourced from the discharge canal of Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station
In electric power generation a combined cycle is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy, which in turn usually drives electrical generators. The principle is that after completing its cycle (in the first engine), the temperature of the working fluid engine is still high enough that a second subsequent heat engine may extract energy from the waste heat that the first engine produced. By combining these multiple streams of work upon a single mechanical shaft turning an electric generator, the overall net efficiency of the system may be increased by 50–60%. That is, from an overall efficiency of say 34% (in a single cycle) to possibly an overall efficiency of 51% (in a mechanical combination of two cycles) in net Carnot thermodynamic efficiency. This can be done because heat engines are only able to use a portion of the energy their fuel generates (usually less than 50%). In an ordinary (non combined cycle) heat engine the remaining heat (e.g., hot exhaust fumes) from combustion is generally wasted.
Combining two or more thermodynamic cycles results in improved overall efficiency, reducing fuel costs. In stationary power plants, a widely used combination is a gas turbine (operating by the Brayton cycle) burning natural gas or synthesis gas from coal, whose hot exhaust powers a steam power plant (operating by the Rankine cycle). This is called a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plant, and can achieve a best-of-class real (HHV - see below) thermal efficiency of around 54% in base-load operation, in contrast to a single cycle steam power plant which is limited to efficiencies of around 35–42%. Many new gas power plants in North America and Europe are of the Combined Cycle Gas Turbine type. Such an arrangement is also used for marine propulsion, and is called a combined gas and steam (COGAS) plant. Multiple stage turbine or steam cycles are also common.
High Pressure Boilers — Classification. Construction and principle of working of Lamont boiler, Benson boiler, Loeffler boiler, Velox boiler, Schmidt Hartman boiler, Ramsin boiler Fluidized bed combustion boilers (FBC): principle, need, types, various arrangement, control system and advantages over other boiler systems. Comparison of various types of boilers Indian Boiler Regulation Act Maintenance procedure of major components of high pressure and FBC boilers
power point presentation over thermal power plantAnis Haider
vocational training, also known as Vocational Education and Training (VET) and Career and Technical Education (CTE), provides job-specific technical training for trades.Vocational training can also give applicants an edge in job searches, since they already have the certifiable knowledge they need to enter the field. this ppt was made by me during my vocational training in thermal power plant. i hope it will usefull for the technical students
thanks
Mejia Thermal Power Station is located at Durlovpur, Bankura, 35 km from Durgapur city in West Bengal. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of DVC
Abhinav Kumar Mechanical Engineering Vocational Training NTPC Ltd UnchaharABHINAV KUMAR
This is the vocational training report needed to be submitted with the EDC HR Dept in order to acquire the certificate of completion. And additional copy is submitted with the Mechanical Department of my respective college.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
2. • NTPC, the largest power Company in India, was setup
in 1975 to accelerate power development in the country.
• NTPC has installed capacity of 29,394 MW.
• It has 15 coal based power stations (23,395 MW)
• 7 gas based power stations (3,955 MW)
• 4 power stations in Joint Ventures (1,794 MW).
• The company has power generating facilities in all major
regions of the country.
• It plans to be a 75,000 MW company by 2017.
3. • Prime mover coupled to
Alternator
• Prime mover is driven by
energy obtained from various
sources such as
• burning of fuel
• pressure of water
• Force of wind etc.
Fig. Fundamental of generation of Electricity
4. ABOUT NTPC Dadri
National Capital Power Station (NCPS) Or NTPC Dadri, is the
power project to meet the power demand of National Capital Region
(India). It has a huge coal-fired thermal power plant and a gas-fired
plant and has a small township located in Uttar Pradesh, India for its
employees. It is located in Gautam Budh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh
about 25 km from Ghaziabad and about 9 km fromDadri. It is nearly 48
km from New Delhi towards Hapur.
NTPC Dadri plant and township are property of ntpc ltd and were built
around 1988-1990.
NTPC Dadri is a unique power plant of NTPC group which has both
coal based thermal plant and gas based thermal plant of 1820 MW and
817 MW respectively and 5 MW solar plant totaling 2642 MW..
5. • A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion
into electrical energy is known as a steam power station.
• Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal
combustion. The steam is then expanded in the steam turbine and is
condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again. The steam
turbine drives the alternator which converts mechanical energy of the
turbine into electrical energy.
6. • Coal is burnt in a boiler ,which converts water into steam.
• The steam is expanded in a turbine used to drive alternator.
• The steam expanded is condensed in a condenser to be feed into
the boiler again.
• The entire arrangement of steam power plant can be divided into :
a. fuel and ash plant.
b. air and fuel gas plant.
c. feed water and steam plant.
d. cooling water plant.
7.
8. • The heated water then rises into the steam drum. Here, saturated
steam is drawn off the top of the drum. The steam will reenter the
furnace in through a superheater in order to become superheated.
Superheated steam is used in driving turbines. Since water droplets can
severely damage turbine blades, steam is superheated to 730°F
(390°C) or higher in order to ensure that there is no water entrained in
the steam.
9. • A device which removes last traces of
moisture.
• It helps in reduction in requirement of
steam quantity.
• steam being dry reduces the mechanical
resistance of turbine.
• No corrosion at the turbine blades.
10. • They are such devices which recover the
heat from the flue gases on their way to
chimney and raise the temperature of
feed water.
• Economiser raises boiler efficiency.
• Air Pre-heaters recover the heat from the
flue gases leaving the economiser and
heat the incoming air required for
combustion
11. • Which condenses the steam at the exhaust of turbine.
• It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of turbine,
this helps in converting heat energy of steam into
mechanical energy in the prime mover.
• The condensed steam can be used as feed water to the
boiler.
12. A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy
from pressurized steam, and converts it into mechanical energy.
About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam
turbines.
It has almost completely replaced the reciprocating piston steam
engine.
BOILER GENERATOR
STEAM TURBINE
13. • Remove heat from the
water discharged from
the condenser so that the
water can be discharged
to the river or re
circulated and reused.
• Air can be circulated in
the cooling towers
through natural draft and
mechanical draft.
14. Alternator
An alternator is coupled to a steam turbine and converts mechanical
energy of the turbine into electrical energy.
It may be hydrogen or air cooled.
The necessary excitation is provided by means of main and pilot exciters
directly coupled to the alternator shaft.
Transformers
(a) main step-transformers, which steps-up generated voltage
transmission of power
(b) station transformers, general purpose
(c) auxiliary transformers, which supply to individual unit-auxiliaries.
Switchgear
which locates fault on the system and isolate faulty part from healthy
section.
It contains circuit breakers, relays, switches and other control devices.
16. Control and Instrumentation Department is the brain of
NTPC.
This division calibrates the various instruments and take
care of any fault in plant.
Control and Instrumentation Department has following
labs:
1. Manometry Lab.
2. Protection and Interlocking Lab.
3. Automation Lab.
4. Electronics Lab
5. Pyrometry Lab
6. Furnace Safety Supervision Lab.
17. MANOMETRY LAB
TRANSMITTERS:-
It is used for the pressure measurement of gases and liquid in
power plant.
Its working principle is input pressure is converted into the
electrostatic capacitance and then it is conditioned and
amplified.
It gives output of 4-20 ma DC.
Manometer :-
It is a tube which is bent in U shape .It is filled with a liquid
.This device corresponds to a difference between pressure
across two limbs.
18. Protection and Interlocking
•It is basically interconnecting two or more equipments if one
equipment fail then other will perform the task.
•This also helps in interconnected equipment shutdown and started in
sequence to avoid damage.
•For Protection Tripping are provided for all equipments.
•Tripping is instruction provided to all equipment in series by OR
gate.
RELAY
It is a Protective device .It can detect wrong
condition in electrical circuits by constantly
monitoring electrical quantities flowing
under normal and faulty condition..
These quantities are voltage ,current ,phase
angle and velocity.
19.
20. PYROMETRY LAB
ULTRAVOILET SENSOR
This is the device in furnace and it measure the intensity of ultraviolet
rays there wave intensity directly indicates the temperature in
furnace.
THERMOCOUPLES
It comprises of two junction at different temperature.The emf induced
in the circuit due to flow of electron .That emf is calibrated to
measure temperature.
RTD(Resistance Temperature detector)
In this due to the change in resistance difference temperature is
measured.
21. FURNACE SAFETY AND SUPERVISORY LAB
In first coal burners are in front and rear of the furnace and in second
stage corner firing is employed.
Unburnt coal is removed by induced draft fan .
The boiler temperature is about 1100 Celsius and its height about 18
to 40 m.
Ultraviolet sensor continuous monitor the temperature of furnace.
HSD supply with firing of 10kv spark upto 10 sec for ignition of
furnace.
Electronics Lab
This lab undertake the calibration and testing of various cards . It is a
house of various type if instruments like oscilloscope, IC cards and
analyzer .
Annuciatin Cards
They are used to keep any parameter in limits like temperature etc.
It shows the signal if parameter goes beyond the limit.
22. CONTROL & MONITORING MECHANISMS
There are basically two types of Problems faced in a
Power Plant
•Metallurgical
•Mechanical
Mechanical Problem can be related to Turbines that is the max speed
permissible for a turbine is3000 rpm so speed should be monitored
and maintained at that level.
Metallurgical Problem can be view as the max Inlet Temperature for
Turbine is 1060°C.so temperature should be below the limit.
Monitoring of all the parameters is necessary for the safety of both
machines and employees.
23. These are following parametres that requires continuous
monitoring
•Pressure monitoring
•Temperature monitoring
•Flow measurement
=>Rotameter-A rotameter is a device that measures the
flow of liquid and gas in a closed tube.
=>Venturimeters
Flow = k √ (D.P)
D.P= (ρ/2)(v2
2- v1
2)
•Control valves
=>They regulate the flow of substance (gases , liquid)
