Near field communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless technology that allows data transfer between devices when they are brought within close proximity of a few centimeters. NFC was developed in 2004 and the first NFC-enabled phones were released in 2006 and 2010. NFC operates using magnetic field induction at 13.56 MHz and can transfer data at rates from 106-424 Kbps. NFC has applications in areas like contactless payment, data sharing, and device configuration and is expected to be widely adopted in the future as mobile payment and connectivity options continue to evolve.

1. NEAR FIELD
COMMUNICATION
BY ASHWANI
JAISWAL

2. CONTENT
 What is NFC??
 Evolution of technology
 Operation
 Communication Protocols
 Difference from Bluetooth
 Application
 Future Scope

3. NFC – What is it ???
 NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification.
 NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high
frequency wireless communication technology.
 A radio communication is established by touching the two
phones or keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters.

4. HISTORY OF NFC TECHNOLOGY
I. In 2004, NFC Forum was formed by Nokia, Philips, Sony
to set standards for NFC . Every NFC enabled device will
have an “N-Mark” trademark ,developed by NFC
Forum.
II. In 2006, first mobile phone( nokia 6131) with NFC was
released by NOKIA.
III. In 2010, first android phone SAMSUNG NEXUS S with
NFC support was released.
IV. Sony introduced "Smart Tags", which use NFC
technology to change modes and profiles on sony
smartphones.

6. OPERATION OF NFC
 Near field communication is based on inductive-
coupling.
 NFC works using magnetic induction between two
loop antennas.
 So, NFC use an initiator and a target; the initiator
actively generates an RF field that can power a
passive target.
 Operating frequency is 13.56 MHz and data rate
varies from106 Kbit/s to 424 Kbit/s.

7. MODES OF OPERATION
 Active mode-
In this mode, both devices with NFC chip can generate
an electromagnetic field and exchange information
with each other.
Two NFC enabled devices transferring
data in active mode
Inducing magnetic
field

8.  Passive mode-
A passive device, such as
an NFC tag, contains
information that other
devices can read but does
not read any information
itself, so there is only one
active user.
A NFC-enabled mobile phone is
paired with a RFID-tagged "smart
poster"

9. APPLICATIONS OF NFC
1) Touch and go
Applications such as access control, where the user needs only
to bring the device storing the ticket or access code close to the
reader.
A person gathering info
about a movie using his
NFC enabled Mobile
Phone

10. 2) Touch and Confirm
Applications such as mobile payment where the
user has to confirm the interaction by entering a
password or just accepting the transaction.

11. 3) Touch and Connect
Linking two NFC-enabled devices to
enable peer to peer transfer of data.
4) A latest development is that NFC
can be used to configure Wi-Fi
networks through mobile devices.

12. CARRY YOUR WORLD AROUND

13. ADVANTAGES OF NFC
 Reduces cost of electronic issuance .
 Secure communication.
 No special software.
 No manual configuration and settings.
 No search and pair procedure.
 NFC can be used together with existing
technologies like Bluetooth and thus act for
longer range also.
 NFC uses are practically limitless.

14. DISADVANTAGES OF NFC
 The system has the limitation that it can be operated only with
devices under a short range i.e. around 10 cm.
 The data transfer rate is very less at about 106kbps, 212 kbps and
424kbps.
 Eavesdropping
 Data Corruption and Manipulation
 Theft

15. COUNTER MEASURES
o Use secure channel (so that only the authorized
device could decode the encrypted information).
o Some NFC devices “listen” for data corruption
attacks and prevent them before they have a
chance to get up and running.
o Use Active – Passive modes with encrypted keys
(this means one device receives info and the other
sends it instead of both devices receiving and
passing information).
o Keeping phones password protected.

16. SOME DEVICES USING NFC
TECHNOLOGY

17. FUTURE OF NFC
 New generations of iPhone, iPod and iPad products would
reportedly be equipped with NFC capability which would enable
small-scale monetary transactions.
 Recently, Microsoft announced that all Windows Phone 8
devices will make use of the NFC technology.

18. CONCLUSION
 Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC and soon NFC
will be implemented in most handheld devices.
 The advancements in mobile wireless technology and
communication standards have enabled usage of contactless and
NFC based payment models.
 The mobile wallet based payment model is gaining considerable
momentum and is currently being seen as one of the key payment
model, to promote contactless payment processing practices.
 The mobile wallet technology enables the end-users to make
payments with their mobile wallet accounts, without having to
use credit or debit cards and hence this technology can also help
users that do not use credit or debit cards.

19. REFERENCES
 http://www.nfc-forum.org
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communication
 http://www.nearfield communiaction.org
 http://apcmag.com/inside-nfc-how-near-field-communication-
works.htm
 http://www.mobilecommercepress.com
 Google. "Google Wallet: How it Works." (Jan. 28, 2012)
http://www.google.com/wallet/how-it-works.html#in-store
 Kessler, Sarah. "NFC Technology: 6 Ways it Could Change Our Daily
Lives." Mashable. May 6, 2010. (Feb. 6, 2012)
http://mashable.com/2010/05/06/near-field-communication/

21. THANK YOU!!!