Nayana.k.v ppp
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This document is a physical science submission by Nayana K.V. to Mrs. Linimol K.S. on the topic of acceleration due to gravity. It introduces Newton's law of gravitation and discusses how gravitational force gives rise to acceleration when a body is in free fall. It defines acceleration due to gravity as the acceleration imparted to a freely falling body by the Earth's gravitational pull. It notes key factors that affect the value of g, including distance from the Earth's center, and provides data on how g varies for different planets and elevations above Earth's surface.
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This document provides an overview of Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. It discusses how Newton realized that the force causing apples to fall is the same force that causes the moon to orbit the Earth. The document then presents Newton's universal law of gravitation, which states that the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. It also explains key concepts like gravitational fields and how gravity works inside planets and for artificial satellites and black holes.
Newton laws of motion and gravity ,short notes .
This document summarizes Newton's laws of motion and gravity. It describes Newton's three laws of motion, including examples for each law. It also discusses gravity, including Kepler's laws of planetary motion, free fall, acceleration due to gravity, and how mass differs from weight. Examples are provided to illustrate various concepts related to Newton's laws and gravity.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in gravitation including: the definition of gravitation; Newton's law of universal gravitation; acceleration due to gravity and how it varies with height and depth; escape velocity; orbital velocity; gravitational potential; time period of satellites; Kepler's laws of planetary motion; and types of satellites. Key points covered include how gravity decreases with height but increases with depth below the Earth's surface, and definitions of geostationary, polar, and binding energy as they relate to satellites orbiting the Earth.
gravitationppt-180122143106.pdf
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight'[1]) is a fundamental interaction which causes mutual attraction between all things that have mass. Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 1038 times weaker than the strong interaction, 1036 times weaker than the electromagnetic force and 1029 times weaker than the weak interaction. As a result, it has no significant influence at the level of subatomic particles.[2] However, gravity is the most significant interaction between objects at the macroscopic scale, and it determines the motion of planets, stars, galaxies, and even light.
On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity is responsible for sublunar tides in the oceans (the corresponding antipodal tide is caused by the inertia of the Earth and Moon orbiting one another). Gravity also has many important biological functions, helping to guide the growth of plants through the process of gravitropism and influencing the circulation of fluids in multicellular organisms.
The gravitational attraction between the original gaseous matter in the universe caused it to coalesce and form stars which eventually condensed into galaxies, so gravity is responsible for many of the large-scale structures in the universe. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become weaker as objects get farther away.
Gravity is most accurately described by the general theory of relativity (proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915), which describes gravity not as a force, but as the curvature of spacetime, caused by the uneven distribution of mass, and causing masses to move along geodesic lines. The most extreme example of this curvature of spacetime is a black hole, from which nothing—not even light—can escape once past the black hole's event horizon.[3] However, for most applications, gravity is well approximated by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes gravity as a force causing any two bodies to be attracted toward each other, with magnitude proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Current models of particle physics imply that the earliest instance of gravity in the universe, possibly in the form of quantum gravity, supergravity or a gravitational singularity, along with ordinary space and time, developed during the Planck epoch (up to 10−43 seconds after the birth of the universe), possibly from a primeval state, such as a false vacuum, quantum vacuum or virtual particle, in a currently unknown manner.[4] Scientists are currently working to develop a theory of gravity consistent with quantum mechanics, a quantum gravity theory,[5] which would allow gravity to be united in a common mathematical framework (a theory of everything) with the other three fundamental interactions of physics.
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Gravitation, free fall, variation in 'g' and keplers law lecture wise
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Nayana.k.v ppp
- 1. WELCOME
- 2. SREEKANDESWARAM, POOCHACKAL B.Ed 2014-15 KERALA UNIVERSITY
- 3. SUBMITTED BY: NAYANA.K.V PHYSICAL SCIENCE REG NO:18214383015
- 4. SUBMITTED TO : Mrs.LINIMOL.K.S FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE SNTC,SREEKANDESWARAM
- 6. INTRODUCTION According to Newton’s Law of Gravitation,every objects in the world attracts each other.And this force of attraction is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. When a body is in free fall,this force is used to give acceleration to the body.Let us now Discuss about this acceleration.
- 7. sssssss Accleration due to gravity It is defined as the acceleration of a freely falling body due the Gravitational force of attraction exerted by the earth.It is denoted by the letter ‘g’. Accorging to Newton’s second law of motion, Therefore,
- 8. centre of mass of the object,r. 2. Mass of the planet,M. M will be a constant forr each planet.And G is the universal gravitational constant.The acceleration due to gravity is independent of the mass of the freely falling body,m. FACTORS AFFECTING ‘g’ The factors affecting g are, 1. Distannce from the centre of the planet to the
- 10. ‘’ Dependence of ‘g’ on R The diatance,R from the centre of earth to the equator,is large compared to that to the poles.The value of g is found to be , g = 9.83 m/s^2 at poles and 9.79 m/s^2 at equator.The average value of these two is taken as the standard value of g. i.e, g = 9.8 m/s^2.
- 11. Graphical representation of variation of g from the centre of earth The value of g varies g varies inversely from the earths centre .
- 12. The value og g at different places from earth’s centre The value of g at different places is given on the table. Location Distance from Earth's center (m) Value of g (m/s2) Earth's surface 6.38 x 106 m 9.8 1000 km above surface 7.38 x 106 m 7.33 2000 km above surface 8.38 x 106 m 5.68 3000 km above surface 9.38 x 106 m 4.53 4000 km above surface 1.04 x 107 m 3.70 5000 km above surface 1.14 x 107 m 3.08 6000 km above surface 1.24 x 107 m 2.60 7000 km above surface 1.34 x 107 m 2.23 8000 km above surface 1.44 x 107 m 1.93 9000 km above surface 1.54 x 107 m 1.69 10000 km above surface 1.64 x 107 m 1.49 50000 km above surface 5.64 x 107 m 0.13
- 13. Value of g at the centre of earth When the object is placed at the centre is earth,the distance of the object from the centre of earth,r is zero.Therefore the value of g is also zero. Place your screenshot here
- 14. Variation of g at different planets The value of M and R are different for different planets. Hence the value of g is varies from planet to planet. Bring the attention of your audience over a key concept using icons or illustrations
- 15. What is the value of g at different planets The value of g at different planets are given below. Planet Radius (m) Mass (kg) g (m/s2) Mercury 2.43 x 106 3.2 x 1023 3.61 Venus 6.073 x 106 4.88 x1024 8.83 Mars 3.38 x 106 6.42 x 1023 3.75 Jupiter 6.98 x 107 1.901 x 1027 26.0 Saturn 5.82 x 107 5.68 x 1026 11.2 Uranus 2.35 x 107 8.68 x 1025 10.5
- 16. Do you know? The height of Eskimos at the poles Is small compared to others !!! ...
- 17. A picture is worth a thousand words A complex idea can be conveyed with just a single still image, namely making it possible to absorb large amounts of data quickly.