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natural ventilation case study

1) The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, India uses a passive downdraft evaporative cooling system to provide comfortable ventilation without mechanical HVAC. 2) Air enters through inlets on the top floor, is misted with water, then descends through ventilation towers, cooling the building. 3) Different strategies are used depending on the season, such as closing inlets/exhausts at night in winter to minimize heat loss, and maximizing air flow with fans in monsoon season.

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NATURAL VENTILATION CASE STUDY BY :- MADHUKANT P. SINGH
Torrent Research Center Location:- GIDC Bhat, Bhat, Ahmedabad, Gujarat , India. Architect and interior consultants:- Nimish Patel and parul Zaveri, Abhikram, Ahmedabad.
• The Torrent Research Centre is a complex of research laboratories with supporting facilities and infrastructures . • It uses passive downdraft evaporative cooling for a large-scale office building. • This complex of research laboratories was designed to provide human comfort within the building, with minimum use of electrical energy or mechanical appliances and also achieves human comforts in dry hot regions without using regular HVAC (HEAT VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING) system and without compromising the cost of construction. • A technique, based on passive ventilation and evaporative cooling, was developed and tested with a pilot laboratory before being applied to the ensemble. The result is the ventilation towers which are the project's distinctive feature. • Passive Downdraft Evaporative Cooling (PDEC) was attempted through a system of designated inlets and outlet shafts which as a consequence of their locations, sizes and heights, and through their complex but simulated and in-depth researched configuration, generate the required movement of air in different spaces without using any mechanical or electrical energy. INTRODUCTION
• The design of the building facilitates generating an air draft, assuming still air conditions. • The air heats up in the peripheral shafts, rises and escape through the openings at the top. • The air in the volume gets replaced from the usable spaces, which in turn receives its own replacement through the concourse area, on top of which the air inlets are located. • The entering air is sprinkled with a fine spray of water mist at the in lets during hot temperature outside. • At each floor levels , sets of hopper windows designed to catch the descending flow, can be used to divert some of the cooled air into adjacent space having passed through the space the air then exits via high level glass louvers opening with connect directly to the perimeter exhaust shaft towers that suck the air and design create a circulation across the building insuring the displacement of fresh air along the day. Design
SITE PLAN
Building plan
• The fixed windows are the only decided quantum and shaded externally, not only in the horizontal plane by over hangs, but also in the vertical one by the air exhaust tower which project from the façade. • The building are thermally massive-the reinforced concrete construction framed structure has cavity brick infill walls, plastered inside and out ,and the hollow concrete blocks filling the roof coffers, also plastered inside with vermiculite used as an insulating materials on both roof and walls. • External surface are white the wall painted the roof using a china mosaic finish.
. • During the warm humid monsoon when the use of the sprayed water would be inappropriate , the ceiling are brought into operation to provide additional air movement in the office and laboratories. • In the cooler season the operating strategy is designed to control the ventilation particularly at night to minimize heat loss this is done simply by the users adjusting the Hooper windows and opening in their individual spaces to suit their requirements . • Overall control of the solar heat gain is achieved by design of the glazing.
Cool season strategy (October - February) Minimize ventilations rates Inlets closed by shutters. Exhausts also closed by shutter. Insulated walls and roof reduces heat losses Encourage ventilation during the day. Close inlets and exhausts at night PROCESS:
Hot season strategy (March- June) Passive evaporative cooling. Micronisers provided a downdraft of cool air. Ambient temperature 41℃ to 43℃. Insulated building mass and roof. High air change rates achievable Micronisers to be controlled automatically by reference to ambient temperature and relative humidity. Night ventilation.
Monsoon seasons strategy (July - September) Maximise ventilation rate with micronisers switched off Ceiling and wall fans to induce air movement in the same direction as natural flow. Air speed upper limit 1.5mt/sec. Possibly close all exhausts in the afternoon.
• Evaporation cooling has been seen for many centuries in parts of the middle east. • In this system, wind catchers guides outside air over water-filled pots ,including evaporation and causing a significant drop in temperature before the air enters the interiors. PASSIVE DOWN DRAUGHT COOLING:
• Such wind catchers become primary elements of the architectural form also. • Passive down draught evaporation cooling is particularly effective in hot and dry climates. Its has been used to effectively cool the Torrent research Centre in Ahmedabad. PASSIVE DOWN DRAUGHT COOLING:
natural ventilation case study