NORM is the acronym for Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material, which potentially includes all radioactive elements found in the environment.Long-lived radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium and potassium and any of their decay products, such as radium and radon are examples of NORM.

1. V>T>
NORM
By
V.T.Krishna

2. What is NORM
Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM):
❑It consists of material, usually industrial wastes or by-
products enriched with radio active elements found in
the environment
❑This Radiation exists naturally in the environment
❑It is also know as background radiation

3. Where-When-oh its there!
❑ NORM originated in geological oil and
formation is usually brought to the surface in
produced water.
❑ As the water approaches the surface,
temperature changes cause radioactive
elements to precipitate.
❑ Resulting scales and sludge may collect in
water separation system.
❑ Radium is usually found in this type of NORM
contamination

4. Who Discovered Radioactivity?
Antoine Henri Becquerel
❑Worked with uranium.
❑ Noticed phosphorescence caused film exposure after
leaving uranium in the sun.
❑ Noticed same thing happened on cloudy days.

5. Sources of NORM
❑It has many sources, such as uranium , Gama rays,
soil and rocks
❑Can be founded in things like tap water, Cigarettes,
and smoke detectors

6. There are two types of exposures to radiation,
acute and chronic:
❑ Acute exposure is when a very large amount
a radiation is suddenly released
❑ Chronic exposure is exposure to low levels of
radioactivity over a long period of time

7. Hazards of NORM
❑NORM is a serious Health risk because high levels
of radiation can cause cancer. You must protect
yourself when you work in an area contaminated with
NORM.
❑NORM exposure mostly happens through inhalation
or ingestion.
❑Alpha ,Beta and Gama particles which emitted form
the radio active materials is hazardous to human.

9. NORM can be produced as waste water and
can take the form of scale buildup in:
❑ Tubulars
❑ Wellheads
❑ Flow lines
❑ Pits
❑ Drill pipes

10. Risks of NORM in our worksites
❑ Occupational exposure of workers (own personnel,
or contractor personnel).
❑ Contamination of the (local) environment.
❑ Transfer of contaminated equipment and scarp metal
to other companies, and possibly to other countries.

11. Protection from NORM
❑ Radiation areas will be boldly labeled with
radioactive material(RAM) signs.
❑ When you see an area with a RAM sign, do
not eat or drink in that area.

12. ❑ If significant levels of NORM are found, workers
should be medically evaluated to determine their
existing occupational dose of radiation.
❑ Respiratory protection may be needed in NORM-
contaminated areas if engineering cannot keep the
airborne radioactivity levels control below the
exposure limits.

13. Two types of respirators may be used when
dealing with NORM:
❑ Half-face respirators with HEPA cartridges
❑ Supplied air respirators (SARs)

14. Safety
Education
Training First

15. Biggest man-made disaster in the
world

16. Conclusion
❑ NORM is a Serious health risk to workers in
any industry.
❑ You must protect yourself when you work in
an area contaminated with NORM.