This document provides an overview of various national health programmes in India related to child care. It discusses programmes such as the Integrated Child Development Services scheme, Mid Day Meal programme, Vitamin-A prophylaxis programme, National Diarrhoeal Disease Control Programme, and others. The objectives, components and activities of these programmes are described, which aim to improve child health, prevent diseases and malnutrition, and promote maternal and child health. The roles of healthcare workers in implementing school health programmes are also covered.

1. SEMINAR ON NATIONAL
HEALTH PROGRAMMES
RELATED TO CHILD CARE
GUIDE- BY-
MRS.APARNA KALE MR.SACHIN GADADE
ASST.PROFFESSOR. F Y MSC NURSING

2. INTRODUCTION
National health programmes, which have been launched by central
government for the control, eradication of communicable diseases
improvement of the environmental, sanitation, nutrition,control of
population and rural health
Various international agencies like who, unicef, world bank have
been providing
 Technical and material assistance in the implementation of these
programmes…..

3. OBJECTIVES
Various national health programmes are
currently in operation for the purpose of….
“Improvement of child health by prevention
of chilhood diseases”

4. PROGRAMMES
National goiter control programme
Mid day meal programme
Vitamin-A prophylaxis programme
Integrated child development service scheme
 National diarrhoeal control programme
Reproductive and child health services
Maternal child health programme

5. PROGRAMMES
Balawadi nutrition programme
Special nutrition programme
Applied nutrition programme
Navajat shishu suraksha karyakram
School health programme

6. SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMME
School Health Programme Can Be Powerful For Shaping Of Health
Behaviour Of The Children
The School Health Programme is defined as the school Procedures
That Contribute To the Maintainace And Improvement Of Health Of
The Pupils And including health services , healthful living and health
education
And This Period Is Important For Growth And Development Of
School Children.

7. GOALS
To Prepare Younger Generation To Adopt Measures To
Remain Healthy So As To Help Them To Utilize Theire
Leisure Time To Enjoy Recreation.
To Help The Younger Generation Become Healthy And
Useful Citizen Who Will Be Able To Perform Theire Role
Effectively For The Welfare Of Themselves.

8. AIMS
The Aim Of The School Health Programme Is To Promote
Healthy Children So That They Can Reach Optimum Growth
And Development. Which Will Enable Them To Lead And
Study.
Protecting From Diseases.
Appropriate Medical And Dental Care.

9. OBJECTIVES
Promote Of Positive Health.
Early Detection And Prompt Treatment / Reffereal.
Prevention And Control Of Communicable And Non-
communicable Diseases.
Provide The Healthy And Safe Environment For Overall
Development Of The Child.

10. Regular medical checkup of the school going
child.
Ensure a healthful environment, eg. Drinking
water and sanitation.
Accident prevention and food hygiene.

11. COMPONENTS
REGULAR HEALTH CHECKUP
PROTECTION FROM DISEASES THROUGH ADMINISTERING OF IMMUNIZATIONS.
TRAINING OF TEACHERS
ENSURING A HEALTHFUL SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
PROVISION OF NUTRITIONAL SUPLEMENTS BY MID DAY MEAL.

12. SHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
Determining of health status of each child.
Continually appraise changes in health status of
the child.
Conduct special screening programmes.
Counsel pupils and their parents regarding
finding of the health appraisals.

13. Assist maintaining the health status of school
personnel.
Give emergency care in case of sudden
accident and illness.
Offer immunization programmes to prevent
communicable diseases

14. ROLE OF NURSE IN SHP
HEALTH SUPERVISION-
HEALTH COUNCELLING-
HEALTH EDUCATION-

15. This Was Launched In 1969.
The Term Maternal And Child Health Refers Promotive,
Curative, Preventive And Rehabilitative Health Care
Of The Mothers And Children's.

16. OBJECTIVES OF MCH
To Reduce Maternal Infant And Chilhood Mortality And Morbidity.
To Promote Reproductive Health.
To Promote Physical And Psychological Development Of Children.
The Health Of The Child Is Similarly Linked With Mothers Health.
Certain Diseases Inflicting The Mother During Pregnacy Can Have
That Deterious Effect On The Health Of The Fetus.

17. Even after the birth child is depended for its
feeding upon the mother at least in the first
year of life.
The mental and social development of the
child is dependent of the mother.
And mother is the earlier teacher of the child.

18. COMPONENETS
Maternal health
 Child health
 School health
 Family planning
 Handicapped children

19. GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MCH
THE SERVICE SHOULD BE DELIVERED AS CLOSE TO
HOMES OF BENEFICIARIES AS POSSIBLE.
SERVICES FOR MOTHERS AND CHILDRENS SHOULD BE
DELIVERED IN AN INTEGRATED MANNER.
VOLUNTARY AGENCIES WORKING IN THE AREA SHOULD
BE INVOLVED IN PROVIDING MCH SERVICES.

20. GOALS
To ensure the birth of healthy infant to every expectant
mother.
To provide services to promote the healthy growth and
development of children up to the age of under five
children.
To indetify health problems of mothers and childrens at an
early stage and initiate proper treatment.
To prevent malnutrition in mothers and childrens.

21. To prevent communicable and non communicable
disease in children's and mothers.
To promote family planning services to improve
the health of mother and children .
To educate the mothers an improvement in their
own and their childrens health.

22. PACKAGES OF MCH
 Antenatal Care
 Intranatal Care
 Postnatal Care
 Nutrition Advice
Immunization
 Primary Health Care

23. NAVAJAT SHISHU SURAKSHA KARYAKRAM
Navajat shishu suraksha karyakram is a programme aimed to train health
personnel in basic newborn care and resuscitation.
It has been launched to address care at birth issue like……
GOALS
 prevention of hypothermia , prevention of infections , early initiation of
breast feeding and basic newborn resuscitation.
COMPONENTS
The other interventions like-additional ANM’S , public health nurse, private
anesthetist, safe motherhood consultant, 24 hours delivery services at PHC’S
and CHC’S, referral transport, RCH camp and training of dais.

24. QUALITY INDICATORS
The number of antenatal case registered.
The number of pregnant women who had 3 antenatal checkups.
Number of high risk women referred.
Number of pregnant women ho had taken 2 doses of T.T. INJECTION.
Number of pregnant women under prophylaxis and treatment of anemia.
Number of deliveries done by trained and untrained birth attendants.
Number of newborns with birth recorded.

25. CONT….
Number Of Women Given Three Postnatal Checkups.
Number Of Rti&std Case Detected And Treated.
Number Of Women Fully Immunized.
Nmber Of Cases Motivated And Follouped For Contraception.

26. APPLIED NUTRITION PROGRAMME
This Was Launched In India 1960
 It Was Started First In Orissa And Andhra Pradesh And Extended In
1960 To Tamilnadu And In 1962 It Was Came In Uttar Pradesh And
Finally 1963 It Was Extended To Whole Country By Government Of
India.

27. OBJECTIVES
To Make People Conscious About Their Nutritional Needs.
To Increase Production Of Nutritional Foods.
To Provide Supplementary Nutrition To Vulnerable Groups Through Locally
Produced Foods

28. CONT……
THE BENEFICIARIES ARE CHILDREN BETWEEN 2 AND 6 YEARS AND PREGNANT
AND LACTATING MOTHERS.
THE CHILDREN AND WOMEN GIVEN SUPPLEMENTARY NUTRITION.
A SINGLE SUPPLEMENTARY MEAL IS GIVEN WEEKLY FOR 52 DAYS IN A YEAR .
THE PROGRAMME LACKED EFFECTIVE SUPERVISION AND HAS ALMOST
BECOME DEFUNCT.

29. ACTIVITIES
Supplementary Feeding
Non-formal Preschool Education
Nutrition Education
Raising Kitchen Gardens

30. BALAWADI NUTRITION PROGRAMME
The balawadi programme was started in 1970-71
The preschool child as it is operated through
balawadis and day care centers
And it is under the charge of social welfare
department.

31. objectives
To supply one fourth of the calorie requirements and half of
the protein requirements of the preschool child.
As a measure to improve the nutritional status of the
preschool child.
It is to be supplement to preschool child what received at
home.
As far as possible locally available foods should be utilized.

32. Children's are belonging to the lower
socioeconomic group would be selected.
The nutrition supplement providing 300 calories
and 10 gms protein per day for 270 days for a year
in preschool children.

33. Cont…
This programme is designed by the ministry of social
welfare through several
voluntary organizations
Balawadi is managed by balasevikas , and 1 assistant
helper and to ensure
supply of resources and effective management.

34. Special nutrition programme
The special nutrition programme was launched in 1970 as a crash
programme to provide supplementary nutrition to children below 6
years of age and pregnant and lactating mothers.
GOALS
The socially and economically handicapped are reached to
programme e.g. those in slums , drought prone and food affected
areas.
It is now envisaged that the special nutrition programme should
include some of the components of the ICDS in order to render it more
effectively.

35. OBJECTIVES
To improve the nutritional status of the pregnant and lactating mother and
 children below 6 years of age in the weakest section and most vulnerable
areas
Reduction of mortility and morbidity of the children below 6 years of age,
 enhancing the capacity of the mothersto look after the daily health and
nutritional needs of the childrens and to strengthen supportive services

36. ACTIVITIES
To provide supplementary nutrition.
To provide health services including vitamin –A solution and iron and folic acid
tablets.
 - This programme is for the nutritional benefit of children's below 6 years
of age, pregnant and nursing mothers and it is operation in urban slums, tribal
areas and backward rural areas.
 -The supplementary good supplies about 30 kcal and 10-12 gm of protein
child/day.
 -This programme is gradually merged in to ICDS programme

37. NATIONAL GOITRE CONTROL PROGRAMME
NgcpIs EstablishedByMinistryOf HealthAndFamily WelfareIn 1962.
The Sheet Anchor Of The Programme Is Universal Iodization Of Common Salt
And Its Consumption
The Government Of India Upgraded The National Goiter Control Programme
Into National Iodine Deficiency Disorder control Programme During 1992

38. AIM
To reduce the incidence of IDD
To less than 10 percent among adults
To less than 5 percent among children 10 to 14 year
To zero percent of certain among the newborn by the year2000
COMPONENT
Use Of Iodized Salt In Place Of Common Salt

39. OBJECTIVES
To Assess The Magnitude Of The IDD Problem In The
Country.
To Assess The Impact Of Control Measures After Every
5 Years.
To Monitor The Quality Of Iodate Salt Available To
Consumers And Estimate Their Urinary Iodine Ecretion
Pattern.

40. MID DAY MEAL PROGRAMME
Also Known As School Lunch Programme
This Programme Operation Since 1961 Throughout
 Country.
 Objectives
The Major Objectives Of This Programme Are…
Attract More Children For Admission To School
 Retain Them.
The Following Broad Principles Kept In Mind….
The Meal Should Be A Supplement And Not A Substitute To The
Home Diet.
The Meal Should Supply At Least One Third Of The Total Energy
Requirement And Half Of The Protein Need

41. CONT….
THE COST OF THE MEAL IS REASONABLY LOW.
THE MEAL SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT CAN BE PREPARED EASILY IN
SCHOOLS.NO COMLICATED COOKING PROCESS SHOULD BE INVOLVED
AS FAR AS POSSIBLE LOCALLY AVAILABLE FOOD SHOULD BE USED, THIS WILL
REDUCE THE COST OF THE MEAL
THE MENU SHOULD BE FREQUENTLY CHANGED TO AVOID MONOTOMY. LIKE
CEREALS AND MILLETS, PULSES, OILS AND FATS, LEAFY VEGETABLES,
 NON-LEAFY VEGETABLES SHOULD BE PROVIDE
 ALTERNATIVELY.

42. GOALS
To minimize the malnutrition in schooler children, it is a vital
stage for growth and development of children.
To provide the nutritional support to schooler children's who
all are not receiving in their homes due to poverty.

43. VITAMIN-A PROPHYLAXIX PROGRAMME
This was launched by Indian govt.during 1970 and merged as a component of a
national programme for the prevention of control of blindness.
Vitamin-a Deficiency Result In Blindness Of Several Hundred
Thousand Children A Year. Globally 21% Of Children Have Vitamin –A
Deficiency .
According To This Programme, The Infant Who Are Not Breast
Feed should Receive A 500000 Supplement Of Vitamin-a By 2 Months Of
Age In Areas Of Endemic Vitamin-a Deficiencies
Every Infant Should Be Administered 1 Dose Of 1 Lac Unit Of Vitamin-
A Along With Measles @ 9 Month’s.

44. AIM
Main important thing is of this programme is to prevent nutritional
blindness among children's.

45. Food menu
Consumption of vitamin –A food should be
encouraged including locally available
carotene rich foods that is green leafy vegetables,
orange leafy vegetables. Fruits like pumpkin,
papaya, mango, orange along with cereals and
Pulses, milk and milk products, egg liver must be
provided.

46. I.C.D.S. SCHEME
IT WAS launched in 2nd October 1975 BY GOVT. OF INDIA
Today the ICDS scheme represent one of the world largest programme for early
childhood development
Indias response to the challenge of providing preschool education on one hand
breaking the visious cycle of malnutrition morbidity and mortality on other hand.
The Benificiaries Are Children Below The 6 Years, Pregnant And Lactating
Mothers,

47. OBJECTIVES
To Improve The Nutrition And Health Status Of Children In The Age Group Of 0-6
Years.
To Lay The Foundation Of Proper Psychological, Physical And Social Development Of
The Child
To Reduce The Malnutrition, Mortality, Morbidity And School Dropout.
To Enhance The Capability Of The Mother To Look After The Normal Health And
Nutritional Needs Of The Child Through Proper Nutrition And Health Education.

48. THE SERVICES BY ICDS ARE
Referral services.
Supplementary Nutrition Like Iron, Folic Acid, Vitamin-a Services.
Treatment Of Minor Illness, Nutrition And Health Education To Women.
Pre-school Non-formal Education Of Children In The Age Group Of 3-6 Years.
Immunization.
Health Checkup.

49. NATIONAL DIARRHOEAL DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME
• NDDCP WAS STARTED IN 6TH PLAN TO BRING DOWN DIARRHOEA RELATED MORTALITY.
• THIS PROGRAMME IS INTEGRATED IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AT VILLAGE,
SUBCENTER/PHC LEVEL AND @ DISTRICT LEVEL HOSPITALS. PRIVATE PRACTITIONERS
ARE ALSO INVOLVED IN THE PROGRAMME SERVICES ARE…..
ACTIVITIES
1.EVERY VILLAGE HEALTH GUIDE IS SUPPLIED WITH 100 PACKETS OF ORS
2. REHYDRATION SALTS PER YEAR
3.200 SUCH PACKETS ARE SUPPLIED TO SUBCENTERS.
4. AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF PROGRAMME IS HEALTH EDUCATION, MATERIAL LIKE “
HOME TREATMENT OF DIARRHOEA”
SUPPLIED TO ALL PHCS ORS packets FOR
FREE DISTRUBUTION

50. Reproductive and child health services
RCH Approach Has Been Defined….
“People Have The Ability To Reproduce And Regulate Their Fertility’
Women Are Able To Go Through Pregnancy And Child Birth Safely, The Outcome
Of Pregnancies Is Successful In Terms Of Maternal And Infant Survival And Well
Being And Couples Are Able To Have Sexual Relations Free Of Fear Of
Pregnancy
And Contacting Diseases.

51. HIGHLIHTS
The programme integrates all interventions of fertility regulation, maternal and
child health with reproductive health for both men and women.
The services to be provided are client oriented, demand driven , high quality and
based on needs of community.
The first referral unit being set up at sub district level to provide emergency
comprehensive obstetric and new born care .
Facilities of obstetric care , MTP and IUD insertion in the PHC level are improved.

52. COMPONENTS
FAMILY PLANNIG CHILD SURVIVAL AND SAFE
MOTHERHOOD
CLIENT APPROACH TO
HEALTH CARE
PREVENTION/MANAGEMENT
OF RTI/STD AND AIDS

53. Components
 Early registration of pregnancy.
To provide minimum three antenatal checkups.
T.T. immunization for all pregnant women.
 Advice on food, nutrition, rest.
 Detection of high risk pregnancies and prompt referral.
 Clean deliveries by trained personnel.
Birth spacing and
Promotion of instructional deliveries.

54. PACKAGES OF RCH SAERVICES

55. GUDING PRINCIPLES WHICH PROVIDED IN PHC’S
PROMOTING OF FOOD SUPPLY AND PROPER NUTRITION
AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF SAFE WATER AND BASIC
 SANITATION
MATERNAL AND CHILD CARE INCLUDING FAMILY PLANNING
IMMUNIZATION AGAINIST THE MAJOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES
PROVISION OF ESSENTIAL DRUGS

56. CONT….
• NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN HAS MENTIONED THE FOLLOWING PROGRAMME OF
RCH
1.EFFECTIVE MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH CARE
2.INCREASED ACCESS TO CONTRACEPTIVE CARE
3.SAFE TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF UNWANTED PREGNACIES
4.NUTRITIONAL SERVICES TO VELNERABLE GROUPS
5.PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF RTI/STD’S
6.PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF GYENACOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
7.SCREENING AND TREATMENT OF CANCERS, ESPECIALLY THAT OF UTERINE,
CEVIX AND BREAST

57. IMNCI
THIS WAS LAUNCHED IN 1950
The Majority Of Diseases Cause For Child Mortality Like Ari, Malaria, Measles
And Malnutrition Is Substantial. Most Of The Sick Children's Present With Signs
And Symptoms Of More Than One Of These Conditions.
An Integrated Approach To Manage Sick Children's Is Necessary
Mince Is A Strategy For An Integrated Approach To The Management Of
Childhood Illness As It Is Important For Child Health Programmes to look beyond
a single disease.
This Is Cost Effective And Emphasizes Prevention Of Diseases And Promotion Of
Child Health.

58. IMNCI CODE DISTRUBUTION

59. THE COMPLETE IMCI CASE MANAGEMENT
ASESS-A Child By Checking First For Danger Signs, Asking Questions About Common
Conditions, Examining The Child, And Checking Nutrition And Immunization Status,
Assessment Includes Checking The Child For Other Health Problems.
CLSSIFY-A Childs Illnesses Using A Color Coded Triage System. Because Many Children
Have More Than One Conditions, Each Illness Is Classified According To Whether It
Requires.
INDETIFY-After Classifying…we Have To Identify Specific Treatment For The Child. If
The Child Requires Urgent Referral .Give Essential Treatment Before Transferring
Child.
TREATMENT-Provide Practical Treatment Instructions Including Teaching The Care
Taker, How To Give Oral Drugs, How To Feed And Give Fluids During Illness And How
To Treat Local Infections At Home.

60. CONT…
• COUNCEL-TO SOLVE THE ANY PROBLEM OF MOTHER BY COUNCELLING E.G.
Feeding Problem
• And Tell Her Regarding Her Own Health Maintenance
• FOLLOUP-When Child Came Back To The Hospital Give Follow-up Care. And If
Necessary Reassessment Should Be Done.

61. PULSE POLIO IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME
This Programme Was Launched In The Country On 1995
Under This Programme Children Under Five Years Of Age Are Given
Additional Oral Polio Drops In December And January Every Year On Fixed Day
Since There Is A Significant Decline In The Incidence Of Poliomyelitis
Introduction Of Hepatitis-b Vaccine
A Pilot Project For The Introduction Of Hepatitis B Vaccine In The National
Immunization Programme Was Initiated In June 2002, Under This Programme The Hep-
b Vaccine Is Administered To Infants Along With The Primary Dose Of Dpt Vaccine On
6th, 10th ,14th Week
The Project Is Being Implemented In 33 Districts And 15 Metropolitan Cities, In This
Programme Are Auto disable Syringes Are Being Introduced.

62. CONT…
INTRODUCTION OF MEASLES VACCINE
In Order To Accelerate The Reduction Of Measles Related To
Morbidity And Mortality, The National Technical Advisory Group On
Immunization Recommended Introduction Of Measles Vaccine To Children
Between 9 Month .
Objectives
Reducing the mortality and morbidity resulting from vaccine preventable disease
of childhood

63. NATIONAL GUINEA-WORM ERADICATION PROGRAMME
India Launched Its National Guinea Worm Eradication Programme In 1985 With
Technical Assistance From Who
From The Very Be gaining The Programme Was Integrated
Into The National Health System At Village Level
India Was Able To Significantly Reduce The Disease In Affected Areas, The
Country Had Reported Zero Cases Since August 1996
In Feb-2000 The International Commission For The Certification Of Dranculiasis
Eradication Recommended That India Be Certified Free Of Dranculiasis
Transmission

64. THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES BY
INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATION TEAM
Health Education To Women In Rural Areas…
Careful Supervision Of The Functioning Of Hand pumps And Other Sources Of
Safe Drinking Water.
Maintainace Of Ginea Worm Diseases On List Of Notifiable Disease And
Continuation Of Surveillance In Previously Infected Areas.

65. SUMMARY
• WE HAVE DISCUSSED REGARDING VARIOUS NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
RELATED TO CHILD HEALTH CARE…..
• AND WHEN, WHY, HOW THE THIS WAS OPERATED THROUGHOUT COUNTRY
• THIS ALL WAS STARTED BY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AND CURRENTLY
WHICH RUNS BY STATE GOVERNMENTS

66. QUETIONS