The document outlines India's National Nutritional Programme aimed at combating malnutrition, highlighting its historical background, various schemes, and objectives focused on improving the nutritional status of children, pregnant women, and vulnerable populations. Key initiatives include the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), nutrition supplementation for preschool children, and anemia prevention programs. Additionally, it discusses the roles of nurses in healthcare delivery, education, and advocacy for improved child health outcomes.

1. NATIONAL NUTRITIONAL
PROGRAMME
PREPARED BY
Ms. Asvini. M
Nursing Tutor
Department of child health nursing,
Shri Sathya Sai College of Nursing
(Chennai campus),
Affiliated by Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University,
Puducherry.

2. INTRODUCTION
 Malnutrition is one of the most important single
causes of illness and death globally accounting
for 12 percent of all death and 16 percent of
disability. The problem of Malnutrition in India
has been recognized since the inception of Five-
Year plan and a number of nutritional programs
have been introduced for combating it.

3. DEFINITION
 Nutrition is the science of how living organisms
obtain, process, and utilize nutrients from food to
sustain life, grow, repair tissues, and maintain overall
health.
 It involves the study of the essential nutrients found
in food, their functions, interactions, and the impact
of dietary choices on the body and health outcomes.

4. GOALS
 To improve the nutritional status of children
 To reduce the severity of nutritional disorders
 To bring down the morbidity and mortality
 To fulfill the nutritional needs of the women
and the children

5. NATIONAL NUTRITION
PROGRAMMES
 MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
- Applied nutrition programme
 MINISTRY OF SOCIAL WELFARE
- Integrated child development service scheme
- Balwadi nutrition programme
- Special nutrition programme
 MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE
- National nutritional anemia prophylaxis programme
- National prophylaxis programme for prevention of
blindness due to vitamin a deficiency.
- National iodine deficiency disorder Control programe
 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
- Mid day meal programme

6. APPLIED NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMMES
 This programme was started in India in 1959.
It was first started in Orissa and Andhra
Pradesh, and extended in 1960 to Tamil Nadu
and in 1962 to Uttar Pradesh. In 1963 the ANP
was extended whole country through the
government of India.

7. OBJECTIVES
 To combat malnutrition and improvement in nutritional
status in vulnerable groups, particularly mothers and
children in rural areas
 To make people conscious of their nutritional needs
 To increase production of Nutritional Foods and their
consumption
 To provide supplementary nutrition to vulnerable groups
through locally produced foods

8. ACTIVITIES
 Kitchen garden, school garden, community garden
set up to promote the concept of balanced diet, as
well as to increase production.
 Fishery units and poultry units are set up to give
employment added income and production of foods.
 Supplementary feeding through local foods
production was given to vulnerable pregnant and
lactic mother and children

9. WHEAT BASED
PROGRAMME
 Wheat based supplementary nutritional Programme
is a centrally sponsored scheme started in 1986.
This scheme was initiated to enlarge the scope of
existing nutrition Programme by covering
additional beneficiaries. The children and antenatal
mother, primarily in tribal areas, urban slums and
backward areas.

10. OBJECTIVES:
 The Programme aims to enlarge the scope of
existing nutritional Programme by covering
additional beneficiaries i.e. pre-school
children and nursing and expectant mothers
through wheat based supplementary nutrition.

11. BENEFICIARIES:
 Children of preschool age, nursing and
expectant mothers in disadvantage areas with
high IMR or high concentration of scheduled
castes, particularly in urban slums and
backward rural and tribal areas.

12. ACTIVITIES
 Under this scheme supplementary nutrition is provided to the
preschool children and pregnant and expectant mother. The
scheme consists of 2 component.
 CENTRALLY FUNDED COMPONENT: Under the
centrally sponsored WNP, the supplementary food containing
300 calories and 10 grams protein is given to children and
500 calories and 20 grams of protein to expectant and
nursing mothers. Assistance at a cost norm of 75 paisa per
beneficiary per day for 25 days in a monthly is provided.

13.  STATE FUNDED COMPONENT:
Under this component, the wheat was initially
provided to the state government at a subsidy of Rs.700 per
month to provide supplementary nutrition to the
beneficiaries covered by the state government nutrition
programme. Form 1989, no subsidy is given to the state
governments. The state are, however now provided wheat
at the public distribution system (PDS) rate.

14. INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL
SCHEME
 Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
Programme was started in 1975 in pursuance of
the National Policy for Children. There is a
strong nutrition component in this programme in
the form of supplementary nutrition, vitamin A
prophylaxis and iron and folic acid distribution.

15. OBJECTIVES
 To improve the nutritional and health status of pre-
school children in the age group of 0-6 years.
 To improve the physical, mental and social
development of the child.
 To reduce the incidence of mortality, morbidity ,
malnutrition and school drop out.
 To enhance the normal health and nutritonal needs.

16. TARGETED BENEFICIARIES
 The scheme targets the most vulnerable groups of
population
 Include children up to 6 years of age
 Pregnant woman and nursing mothers belonging
to poorest of the poor families and living in
backward rural areas tribal areas and urban
slums.

17. PACKAGE OF SERVICES
 Supplementary Nutrition
 Immunization
 Health Check up
 Treatment and referral services
 Non-formal pre-school Education
 Nutrition and Health Education

18. SUPPLEMTARY NUTRION
 All children below 6 years of age
 All adolescent girls
 Expectant mothers belonging to schedule
caste and tribe who’s monthly income less
than 300 and land less agriculturist.
 Given for 300 days (lunch)

19.  IMMUNIZATION: Anganwadi arranges with
health worker female serving her areas to give
immunization to her wards and pregnant
mothers.
 GROWTH MONITORING: Checks the
weight of all preschool children every moth
and records in growth chart.

20.  NON-FORMAL EDUCATION: Children between 3-
6 years are imported pre-elementary education without
formal hours of teaching without syllabus and test.
 TREATMENT AND REFERRAL SERVICES:
With the help of HWF get all needy children treated
for minor illness-like diarrhea, ARI, minor cuts, fever
etc.

21. BALWADI NUTRITONAL PROGRAMME
 This Programme was started in 1970 for the benefit of
children in the age group 3-6 years in rural areas. It is
under overall charge of department of social welfare.
 Four national level organizations which received the funds
are actively involved in the day-to-day management.
 The Programme is implemented through balwadi which
also provide pre-primary education to these children.

22. OBJECTIVES
 The Programme aims to supply about one third
of the calorie and half of the protein
requirements for the preschool children as a
measure to improve the nutritional status. The
main aim is to supplement to bridge the gap
between the nutritional requirement and
availability of nutrients to the child.

23. ACTIVITIES
 The food supplement provides 300 kcal and
10 grams of protein per child per day is given
for 270 days a year. Apart from this activities,
they do activities for social and emotional
development arte undertake at Balwadis

24. SPECIAL NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMME
 This programme was started in 1970 for the
nutritional benefit of children below 6 years of
age, pregnant and nursing mothers and is in
operation in urban slums, tribal areas and
backward rural areas.

25. OBJECTIVES
 The main objectives of the special nutrition
programme is to improve the nutritional status of
the Special Nutrition Progamme is to improve the
nutritional status of the target groups like
preschool children, lactating mother of poor
socioeconomic status, this programme is gradually
being merged into the ICDS programme.

26. ACTIVITIES
 The supplementary food supplies about 300 kcal and 10-
12 grams of protein per child per day. The beneficiary
mother receives daily 500 kcal and 25 grams of protein.
 This supplement is provided to them about 309 days in a
year. This programme was originally launched as a
Central programme and was part of minimum needs
progamme.

27. NATIONAL IODINE DEFICIENCY
DISORDER CONTROL PROGRAMME
 The National Goitre Control Programme was
launched by the Government of India in 1962 in the
conventional goiter belt in the Himalayan region
with the objective of identification of the goiter
endemic areas to supply iodized salt in place of
common salt and assess the impact of goitre control
measure over a period of time.

28. COMPONENTS OF IDDC
PROGRAMME
 Iodization of salt and oil
 Monitoring and surveillance
 Manpower training
 Mass communication

29. IODIZED SALT
 Most economical, convenient and effective
means of mass prophylaxis for IDD.
 Addition of 30mg of iodine per Kg usually in
the form of potassium iodide.
 Potassium iodate is more state in warm, damp
and tropical climate.

30. PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST
NUTRITONAL ANEMIA
 In view of its public health importance, a national
programme for the prevention of nutritional anemia
was launched in 1970 by the Government of India
during the fourth Five Year folic acid (folifar) tablets
to pregnant women and young children (1-12 years).
Mother and Child Health (MCH) Centers in urban
areas, primary health centers in rural.

31.  All mother get 1 tablet of IFA per day for 100 days.
 All anemic mothers get 2 tablets of IFA per day for
100 days.
 All anemic child will get 1 tablet of IFA per day for
100 days
 All adolescent girls were given 1 tablet of IFA per
week.

32. BENEFICIARIES
1-5 YEARS
AGE
20mg elemental
iron
0.1 mg (1oomg)
of folic acid
6-10 YEARS 30 mg elemental
iron
o.25 mg (250
mcg) of folic acid
Pregnant woman
and lactating
mother
100 mg elemental
iron
0. 5 mg (500
mcg) folic acid

33. VITAMIN A PROPHYLAXIS PROGRAMME
 Vitamin A deficiency is the most common cause of
preventable blindness in children (1-3 years).
 20-40 million children worldwide estimated to have
at least mild vitamin A deficiency half reside of
India.
 Vitamin A deficiency causes an estimated 60,000
children in India to go blind each year.

34.  This programme was launched by the Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare in 1970 on the
basis of technology developed at the National
Institute of Nutrition at Hyderabad. An
evaluation of the programme has revealed a
significant reduction in vitamin A deficiency in
children.

35. VITAMIN A PROPHYLAXIS
SCHEDULE
Dose
No.
Age Dose (orally) Remarks
1. At 9th
month 1,00,000 IU Along with measles
vaccine
2. At 18th
month 2,00,000 IU Along with booster
dose of DPT and OPV
3. At 24th
month 2,00,000 IU NIL
4. At 30th
month 2,00,000 IU NIL
5. At 36th
month 2,00,000 IU NIL

36. MID DAY
MEAL PROGRAMME
 The mid-day meals programme (MDMP) is also known
as School Lunch Programme. This programme has been
in operation since 1961 throughout the country.
 The major objective of this programme is to attract
more children for admission to schools and retain them
so that literacy improvement of children could be
brought about.

37. PRINCIPLES
 The meal should be a supplement and not a
substitute to the home diet.
 The meal should supply at least one-third of
the total energy requirements, and half of the
protein needs.
 The cost of the meal should be reasonably low

38.  The meal should be such that it can be prepared
easily in schools; no complicated cooking process
should be involved
 As far as possible, locally available foods should
be used, this will reduce the cost of the meal
 The menu should be frequently changed to avoid
monotony.

39. MODEL MENU
FOOD STUFFS g/day/child
Cereals and millets 75
Pulses 30
Oils 8
Leafy vegetables 30
Non- leafy vegetables 30

40. ROLE OF NURSE IN
HOSPITAL & COMMUNITY
 Care provider or clinician role: use the nursing
process to provide the direct nursing intervention to
individuals, facilities or population groups.
 Educator: facilitates learning for positive health
behavior change.
 Advocate: speaks or acts on behalf of client who
cannot do so for themselves.

41.  Manager: nurses are engaging in the role of
managing health services. As a manager, the nurse
exercise administrative direction towards the
accomplishment of specific goals.
 Collaborator: interdisciplinary approach
collaborates with other specialists to provide high
quality health services.

42.  Therapeutic Nurse: Establishment of therapeutic
relationship identifies the problem areas in their
interaction with the family and child.
 Independent Practitioner: it is an expanded role
jointly practicing with the physician or
independently works in rural areas as nurse mid-
wives and primary care giver.

43.  Researcher: participates in research projects
related to the child health and provides the basis
for the change in the nursing practice and care of
the children.
 Team coordinator: work along with other health
team members. Maintains good interpersonal
relationship. Coordinate the nursing services for
the child.

44. CONCLUSION
 National nutritional Programme are important
for improving the nutritional needs of the
child, adolescent and especially pregnant
women. It provides the nutritional
supplementation to the children and reduces
the risk of nutritional deficiencies.

45. Thank
you