The document discusses the National Digital Library of Korea (Dibrary) and its strategy to adopt linked data practices to make its resources available on the semantic web. It introduces Dibrary's branding, vision, establishment background, and main projects including building an integrated IT infrastructure and management system. Dibrary aims to provide an integrated search portal and digital space to offer access to cultural, academic and government information resources.

1. Innovation and BusinessTransformation for Information Service Excellence
National Digital Library of Korea
(Dibrary) and its Linked Data Strategy
Jinho Park Sam Oh
Senior Researcher, National Library of Korea Professor, Sungkyunkwan University LIS
ISO/TC46 SC9 Korea Secretariat Affiliate Professor, University of Washington,
Member of the International Relations iSchool
Committee, Korean Library Association ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34 Chair
CJKDLI Korea Working Group Leader ISO TC46/SC9 Chair
DCMI Oversight Committee
December 12, 2012 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Broadband and Information Technology Summit for Libraries 2012

2. 1. Dibrary Brand
The brand name of the National Digital Library of Korea.
Brand & Concept
Brand
DIGITAL + LIBRARY
• High digital • Analog space where
information technology + nature and human
Concept
become one
“creating new digilog culture”
1

3. 2. Dibrary’s Vision
A multicultural space harmonizing nature and cutting-edge digital facility.
Nature
• Sitting close to nature-
friendly park
Culture High-tech
• Providing cultural • Integrating various
space to all users
Dibrary high digital
technologies
Openness
• Offering convenient access
for everyone
2

4. 3. Establishment Background
Establishment of a new infrastructure, Dibrary.
External Issues Internal Issues
• Acceleration of • Increasing needs for the
digitalizing data role and function as a
processing infrastructure. digital multicultural space.
• Necessity of The NLK’s • Providing solutions to the
new role in the digital limited stacks issue and
information era. Dibrary creating a new service
area.
“Integrate the latest “High quality digital
Information technology information available to all
into the library users”
infrastructure”
3

5. 4. Vision, Principles, Goals
Establishment of a new infrastructure, Dibrary.
Vision Principles Goals
Library Portal
Integrated Management of
Digital Collection
Simple Search Interface
Integration
Integration Creation of the Portal Site
International Standards
Portal
A Large Scale of Offering the Information Commons
Information Resource
openness Participations, Shared
Environment Maintenance of the Digital Archives
Openness
Digital Archiving
Operational Innovation
on Various Digital System
Digital Technology
4

6. 5. Functions & Roles
Building a general digital information center considering synergy with The
National Library of Korea.
Main Facilities
Information & Culture Facilities
• Location • General Audio-Video Space, Global
– a public square in front of Lounge, Digital Cluster, Multiplex, Media
the National Library of Korea Center, Digital Meeting Room, Space for
the Underprivileged Class, Exhibition
• Area
Hall, Digital Book Café…
– 38,014㎡
(3 stories above ground Considering synergy
Stacks • Incorporation with
5 stories underground) with the Nationalthe
main Library building
• Construction • Book stacks, non-book materials stacks, Library of Korea
A thermo hygrostat control room, • Differentiation with
– 2002~2008`(7years) digital knowledge and
Document transfer room
– May 2009(grand opening) information service
• Total Cost Management Facilities
– 117.9 million dollars • General planning group office,
Information systems office, Digital
information use office
• Pathway connecting the main building,
Machinery room, Electricity room,
Parking lot 5

7. 6. Four Main Projects
4 main projects for The Dibrary(NDLK)
Making an integrated IT Setting environment for
infrastructure to make the integrated search of digital
base of service. information
Integrated IT infrastructure Portal System and Cooperation Network
Integrated Service System Management System
Building an integrated Creating a management
service space of digital system of digital collections
information
6

8. 7. Dibrary Service
Providing an integrated search service through on-line and off-line.
Dibrary Portal Dibrary Space
On-line service Off-line service
• Providing knowledge and contents experience using cutting-
Digital edge digital facility
information using on-line/mobile contents
– Sorted by Data Type, Target, – Entertainment , media creation,
Region, and Topic digital contents viewing, active
exchange, information service,
– Personalized service and
Digital service for the underprivileged class
cooperation network
facility
• Dibrary visitor influx through • Dibrary visitor influx through
Internet space distinction
7

9. 8. Dibrary Portal
A global portal providing high-quality digital knowledge and information to
anyone, anytime, anywhere.
Based on huge high-quality digital resources.. ..Providing integrated portal service to users
• Book information • Search Service
Contents Main
• Academic data – Integrated search, directory
scope Portal
• Government service
information • Participation Service
• Regional information – Q&A, recommendation
• Foreign information service
• Author information • Sharing Service
• Knowledge sharing – Sharing special knowledge,
blog/community service
• Application Service
– API/RSS,
statistics/evaluation
• Policy information portal
Sub
Portal • Regional portal
• Multicultural portal
• Portal for the disabled
9 8

10. 9. Dibrary Portal – Main portal service
Providing integrated search service
Main portal service
menu
Search
Academic data
Research information
Foreign information
Directory
Q&A
Knowledge sharing
Recommendation
Participation
My library

11. 10. Dibrary Portal – Sub portal service
4 sub-portal services characterized by topic and users.
Contents
Policy information • Providing an integrated search service on the policy
data of government departments and public institutions
Regional • Codifying and securing regional information
• Providing an integrated search service on regional
academic research/knowledge and information
Multicultural • Providing service for foreign workers, married immigrants, new
settlers, foreign students, and natives
• Providing an integrated search & community service based on 7
languages
– Vietnamese, Chinese, English, Japanese, Tagalog, Thai and
Korean
Portal for • Providing an integrated search & a reading service on
the disabled the available contents for the disabled
– Strengthen users’ information access and convenience

12. 11. Dibrary Portal – Cooperation network sharing digital resources
Developing cooperation network sharing and linking digital contents at
home and abroad.
Regional Information
• Regional libraries
• Public libraries
• Collecting centers of
regional knowledge
Multicultural Information Main Portal Policy Information
• Private contents
• Overseas cultural • Policy information
• Key sources of
centers knowledge &
sources of public
• Multicultural information institutions
information centers Organizations, • International
individual
• Overseas public organizations
institutions
Information for the disabled
• Organizations &
institutions for the
disabled
• Braille libraries

13. 12. Dibrary Space – Service
Providing new service considering users’ convenience and participation.
Dibrary Space Service
Strengthen user convenience Consider the underprivileged class
• Booking/guiding facility service
• Providing facility service
• Real time online Information helper
• Face-to-face service &
• Dibrary radio service education program
• Mobile terminal rental service
Providing
open
Extending users’ participation information Ensure simple management
service
• Digital text participation service • Remote Management System
• UCC exhibition service

14. 13. Dibrary Space – Facility Overview
Introduction to the B3 ~ B1 Dibrary space.
Main Facilities
• Lobby
B3 • Exhibition Hall
• General Audio-
Video Space
• Digital Cluster
B2 • Digital Meeting
Room
• Media Center
• Multiplex
• Space for the
Underprivileged
Class
• Digital Book
B1 Café
• Pathway
connecting the
main building

23. 디지털북카페 (지하 1층)

25. Dibrary is preparing for a change after 4 years opening

26. The new direction of Dibrary can be summarized as follows
25

27. Semantic Web(Linked Open Data)
• What Dibrary (NLK) can do to open its library data?
 Converting national bibliographic data, subject and author
authority files into linked data and let anyone to use them
via the Web.
• What will be benefits of NLK LD?
 Merging NLK Linked Data with other LLD so new associations
of knowledge can be made.
26

28. "The Semantic Web is an extension of
the current web in which information is
given well-defined meaning, better
enabling computers and people to work in
cooperation."
Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, Ora Lassila,
The Semantic Web, Scientific American, May 2001

29. unstructured
structured
[출처 : http://www.slideshare.net/sandhaus/all-about-rnews-evan-sandhaus]

30. Linked Data Principles
1. Use URIs as names for things.
2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names.
3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful RDF
information.
4. Include RDF statements that link to other URIs so that they
can discover related things.
Tim Berners-Lee 2007
http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

31. The RDF Data Model
rdf:type
pd:cygri foaf:Person
foaf:name
Richard Cyganiak
foaf:based_near
dbpedia:Berlin

32. Data items are identified with HTTP URIs
rdf:type
pd:cygri foaf:Person
foaf:name
Richard Cyganiak
foaf:based_near
dbpedia:Berlin
pd:cygri = http://richard.cyganiak.de/foaf.rdf#cygri
dbpedia:Berlin = http://dbpedia.org/resource/Berlin

33. Resolving URIs over the Web
rdf:type
pd:cygri foaf:Person
foaf:name 3.405.259
Richard Cyganiak dp:population
foaf:based_near
dbpedia:Berlin
skos:subject
dp:Cities_in_Germany

34. Dereferencing URIs over the Web
rdf:type
pd:cygri foaf:Person
foaf:name 3.405.259
Richard Cyganiak dp:population
foaf:based_near
dbpedia:Berlin
skos:subject
skos:subject
dbpedia:Hamburg dp:Cities_in_Germany
skos:subject
dbpedia:Muenchen

35. The Disco – Hyperdata Browser

37. W3C Linking Open Data (LOD) Project
• Grassroots community effort to
– publish existing open license datasets as Linked Data on the Web
– interlink things between different data sources

38. LOD Datasets on the Web: May 2007
 Over 500 million RDF triples
 Around 120,000 RDF links between data sources

39. Example RDF Links
• RDF links from DBpedia to other data sources
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Berlin> owl:sameAs <http://sws.geonames.org/29501
59> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tim_Berners-Lee> owl:sameAs <http://www4.wiwis
s.fu-berlin.de/dblp/resource/person/100007> .

40. LOD Datasets on the Web: September 2008

41. LOD Datasets on the Web: March 2009

42. LOD Datasets on the Web: July 2009

43. LOD Datasets on the Web: 2010

44. LOD Datasets on the Web: 2011

45. The Principles of Linked Data (Revisited)
• What kind of library data are suitable for these principles?
– Those that are frequently referenced and updated by librarians,
in relation to their works or within the information process
system
– Those that provide users with links as other references (links)
in relation to more accurate search results
– Those that are meaningful in themselves and are independently
capable of being referenced by other organizations/systems
– Those that have values capable of being recognized as unique
information via URI
44

46. The Principles of Linked Data (Revisited)
• Data owned by libraries:
– Bibliographic data
– Holdings records
– Authority records
• Authors, Titles, Subject Headings
• Those being endlessly referenced and updated by librarians, in relations to their works,
or within the information process system
• Those providing links as other references (links) in relations to the more accurate
search results to users
• Those that are meaningful themselves and independent ones capable of being
referenced by other organizations/systems
• Those capable of being recognized with their values as unique information through
URI
45

47. LLD is about the Links
Books
– http://worldcat.org/oclc/123456
Classification numbers
– http://dewey.info/class/641/about
People
– http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679
Subject headings
– http://tspilot.oclc.org/fast/fst01234567

48. LLD is about the Openness
• What sort of license is the data available in?

49. LLD is about the Data
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679">
<rdf:type rdf:resource=
"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource=
"http://RDVocab.info/uri/schema/FRBRentitiesRDA/Person"/>
<foaf:name>Mozziconacci, Jean-François</foaf:name>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

50. URIs for Dewey System
It should be simple:
http://dewey.info/class/641/
Browsers get redirected to:
http://dewey.info/class/641/about
RDF clients get redirected to:
http://dewey.info/class/641/about.rdf

51. But the DDC has a long complex history
What language did you want?
http://dewey.info/class/641/about.en
http://dewey.info/class/641/about.fr
What edition did you want?
http://dewey.info/class/641/e22/about
http://dewey.info/class/641/e23/about
In what language?
http://dewey.info/class/641/e22/about.en
In what format?
http://dewey.info/class/641/e22/about.en.html
http://dewey.info/class/641/e22/about.en.rdf

52. URIs for Virtual International Authority File: VIAF
It is blissfully simple compared to Dewey!
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679
Generates a 303 redirect to:
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/
Where content negotiation will get you either:
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/viaf.html
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/viaf.xml
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/viaf.rss
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/viaf.rdf
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/marc21.xml
http://viaf.org/viaf/12345679/unimarc.xml

53. nlon:Electronic
Document bibo:AudioDocument
bibo:Thesis
nlon:Score LinkedData
COMET, BNB,
PODE,
bibo:Document
LIBRIS,LC
bibo:Map owl:sameAs
string
nlon:Complex
Document nlon:Library
bibo:Book
bibo:AudioVisual
Document
nlon:OldBook string foaf:Organization
string
owl:Thing
nlon:Concept
geo:SpatialThing nlon:University string
nlon:Country
dct:references
dct:isReferencedBy
nlon:Location
KDATA
nlon:Government
foaf:Person
Countries
University
dct:references
dct:isReferencedBy
AdministrativeSection
nlon:Author
nlon:Librarian

54. geo:SpatialThing
Author / Organization
bibo:ThesisDegree nlk:University
KDATA owl:sameAs rdfs:subClassOf
foaf:Organization
rdfs:subClassOf owl:sameAs rdfs:subClassOf
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix nlk: <http://data.nl.go.kr/resource/> . a nlk:numberMark nlk:Government
owl:sameAs rdfs:subClassOf
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> . owl:sameAs
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> . rdfs:subClassOf
@prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix nlon: <http://data.nl.go.kr/ontology/> . Resource nlk:Location foaf:Agent
as ThesisDegree nlk:Library
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . a
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> . a
@prefix bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> . nlk:deathYear
@pefex geo: <http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#> . bibo:degree Resource Resource
as Location as Agent
foaf:name
bibo:Document nlk:create
nlk:publish nlk:birthYear
nlk:isGeographicAreaOf
a
dct:isPartOf / dct:hasPart
dct:isReferencedBy / dct:references geo:location
dct:alternative
dct:relation dct:title
dct:hasVersion nlk:subtitle
dct:hasFormat dct:creator
nlk:titleOfSeries
dct:publisher
dct:replaces / dct:isReplacedBy nlk:titleOfMainSeries Title
dct:identifier nlk:awardedFrom
nlk:headingOfOriginalLanguage
id.loc.gov dct:subject Resource nlk:titleOfOriginalLanguage
nlk:headingOfTranslation
owl:sameAs nlk:titleOfTranslation
COMET nlk:uniformTitleOfSeries
owl:sameAs dct:identifier
skos:closeMatch
LIBRIS nlk:nlkcn
owl:sameAs bibo:isbn
bibo:issn Identifier
owl:sameAs nlk:audienceNote nlk:cip
BNB
nlk:supplementNote nlk:strn
nlk:physicalFormAvailableNote
PODE dct:language nlk:reproductionNote nlk:authenticationCode
nlk:reproductionPlace nlk:classificationNumberOfLC
nlk:reproductionInstitution nlk:itemNumberOfLC
Subject dct:subject / id.loc.gov nlk:reproductionDate nlk:classificationNumberOfNLK
nlk:isSubjectOf nlk:originalVersionNote nlk:itemNumberOfNLK
nlk:locationNote nlk:volumeOfNLK
SubjectHeading nlk:holdingInstitution nlk:kdc
bibo:uri nlk:useAndReproductionNote nlk:itermNumberOfKDC
a dct:subject / bibo:number nlk:languageNote nlk:editionOfKDC
nlk:isSubjectOf dct:requires nlk:ddc
Code
nlk:linkingEntryComplexityNote
dct:created nlk:awardsNote nlk:itemNumberOfDDC
nlk:Concept a dct:issued nlk:holdingItemNote nlk:editionOfDDC
KDC dct:extent nlk:publicationPlace nlk:otherNumber
dct:subject / dct:description nlk:department nlk:itemNumberOfOtherNumber
a nlk:isSubjectOf dct:tableOfContents nlk:degreeYear nlk:sourceOfOtherNumber
rdfs:subClassOf dct:format nlk:bibliography
dct:abstract nlk:restriction
DDC nlk:citationReferenceNote
Legend
skos:Concept External
A Class
Link
Miscellaneous Literals An Instance
53
A Literal

55. 54

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57. 56

58. 57

59. 58

60. Smart Data and its Potentials
• Implications of Linked Data and Users
– Importance of making data smarter
• Libraries provide countless amounts of information and media
• Libraries need to be a trustworthy entity
• Libraries must be placed where permanent access to and preservation
of data are guaranteed
• Libraries should remain faithful to their most basic and natural role
– Providing users with diverse solutions to problems
• How do users think and solve problems?
• Is it possible to create a system configuration (interface configuration)
to assist users’ problem-solving process?
59

61. NLK LLD Strategy
• The first priority is opening NLK data
– Basically NLK data is a public data that should be open to anyone.
– The NLK must be open and easily accessible to others
• Try hard to use global standard formats when opening NLK
data
– Recommend to respect linked data principles when opening
• Contribute to information ecosystem.
– The Web is most general and accessible platform and ecosystem.
Contribute to the Web.
• Think more about contributing to the global database (Web)
rather than what NLK will gain from this endeavor.
– The NLK focus should be on providing the world with new
opportunities derived from the live NLK linked data, instead of
thinking about what NLK will gain by opening its data
60

62. Recent Issues
• Big Data
• Linked Data
• Open Data
61

63. New Possibilities are rooted in curating what we
already have.
62

64. References
• Image Sources
– http://www.flickr.com/photos/wiertz/8011916658
– http://www.lafabbricadellarealta.com/2012/05/07/an-idea-worth-
sharing-radical-openness/
– http://www.bu.edu/ceit/
– http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
63

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