The document summarizes some key narrative theories: - Todorov identifies 5 stages in every narrative: equilibrium, disruption, recognition, repair, and restoration. - Propp identifies 7 character types that appear in stories: hero, helper, villain, false hero, donor, dispatcher, and princess. - Levi-Strauss believed concepts are understood through their binary opposites, such as hero/villain, good/evil, sane/insane, war/peace, and ugly/beauty.