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Narcotic analgesics drug
This document discusses narcotic analgesics and their classification, mechanisms of action, effects, and side effects. It notes that narcotics are potent analgesics that relieve severe pain and produce tolerance, dependence, and addiction upon administration. The document categorizes narcotics and discusses their receptors and effects. It specifically examines morphine, its analgesic, sedative, and respiratory effects as well as side effects like addiction, constipation, and respiratory depression. It also discusses non-narcotic analgesics that provide milder pain relief without loss of consciousness.
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Narcotic analgesics drug
- 1. Narcotic analgesics drug muzammil khalid Dow institute of medical technologist Dow university of health sciences
- 2. Narcotics Narcotic agentsare potent analgesics which are effective for the relief of severe pain Analgesics are selective central nervous system depressants used to relieve pain Analgesic term indicate without pain. administration produces tolerance, psychic, and physical dependence called addiction.
- 3. Narcotic (contd,) Narcoticagents may be classified into four categories 1) Morphine and codeine - natural alkaloids of opium. 2) Synthetic derivatives of morphine such as heroin. 3) Synthetic agents which resemble the morphine structure. 4) Narcotic antagonists which are used as antidotes for overdoses of narcotic analgesics
- 4. Receptors location Thereare various types of receptors for opiates upon stimulation produces specific functions Muu Kappa Sigma Delta Epsilon
- 5. Receptors contd, Whenmu receptor stimulate it produces CRESP Kappa stimulation produces SMS Where as stimulation of sigma induces DH Delta are for specific binding of enkaphalin analgesia antidepressant effects physical dependence
- 6. Narcotics analgesic Morphinesulphate Meperidine Hydromorphone Fantanyl Alfentanil sufentanil
- 7. Other narcotics Codeine Oxycodone Meperidine Pentazocine Dezocine Methadone Nalbuphine
- 8. Indication of narcotics Pain control Sedation in surgery Analgesia Hypnotic in case of high doses
- 9. Morphine effects Analgesia Suppression of cough Inhibit release of norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and substance p Supraspinal analgesia Open potassium channel Preanesthetic agent
- 10. Morphine effects contd, Reduces arterial resistances Reduces ventricular workload Myocardial pain analgesia Relieve pulmonary congestion, edema
- 11. Morphine side effects •Addiction Respiratory depression Constipation Physical dependence Release histamine Bronchoconstriction Increases muscles tone Releases vasopressin Dark resistant meiosis
- 12. Morphine side effectcontd, Nausea vomiting Increased craving Physical dependences Inhibits gonadotropin Abrupt discontinuation may lead to withdrawal symptoms High doses can produces death due severe respiratory depression
- 13. Morphine side effectcontd, CNS depression Hypotension shock
- 14. Non narcotics analgesic Pain medications, also known as analgesics, Are a type of drugs used to relieve pain. With no loss of consciousness to achieve their pain-killing effect
- 15. Non narcotic contd, Non-narcotic analgesics are milder forms of the painkillers that include Acetaminophen Aspirin Ketorolac Phenaopyridine
- 16. Non narcotic contd, Most of non narcotics drugs produces analgesic, antipyretic and somewhat at higher doses has anti-inflammatory effect Side effect are gastric ulcer, perforation and GI bleeding
- 17. Non narcotic anti-inflammatory These drugs have analgesic and very importantly inflammatory effects E.g. are Indomethacin Phenylbutazone Ibuprofen Naproxen Sulindic Piroxicam
- 18. Side effects Bonemarrow suppression Aplastic anemia Edema Ulcerogenic