This document discusses potential areas for collaborative research and development between industry and ICAR-CII, focusing on natural resource management, education, and extension. It provides examples of successful public-private partnerships including Project SHARE in India, Project Sunshine in Gujarat, and Project Golden Rays in Rajasthan, which improved farmer yields and incomes through providing better seeds, agronomic training, and market linkages. The document advocates a balanced, holistic approach utilizing improved seeds, technologies, production practices, and mechanization to boost agricultural productivity in India.
Sorghum – linking farmer, feed manufacturer, fellow scientists and fowlICRISAT
This document summarizes a project that aimed to create sustainable economic linkages between sorghum farmers and the poultry feed industry in India. The project developed sorghum-based poultry feed formulations and tested them through trials. It also formed a coalition of sorghum farmers, scientists, feed manufacturers, and poultry producers. Through this coalition, improved sorghum varieties were grown by farmers and the grain was sold to feed manufacturers. Feed trials showed sorghum could fully replace maize with no effects on bird growth or egg production. All partners benefited - farmers earned more, scientists obtained feedback, and feed manufacturers and poultry producers gained new affordable feed options.
This document provides an overview of the AIP-Maize annual progress review in Pakistan. It summarizes the rationale for AIP-Maize projects to develop climate resilient, biofortified, and stress tolerant maize varieties. It outlines key challenges for maize production in Pakistan. It also describes achievements so far, including variety testing, training programs, and preliminary results from trials of new varieties. Upcoming activities are noted, such as variety allocation, seed distribution, and subgrants to partners to further maize research goals.
The 3rd GRAPAS Conference, held in Bangkok during the Victam Exhibition in April earlier this year attracted up to 130 delegates, many of whom are flour and rice milers, during the course of the day and over the three sessions.
The feeding component in rural and peri-urban smallholder pig systems in UgandaILRI
In the last 30 years, Uganda has had a massive growth in pig population, and currently has the highest per capita consumption of pork in East Africa (3.4 kg year-1). About 90% of the pigs in Uganda are produced in smallholder farms under typical crop-livestock systems, even in the peri-urban setting. This poster presents information from a study to characterize the pig feeding systems in Uganda in terms of the use of local feed resources and gender roles.
Farmers in Chuadanga, Bangladesh have modified traditional grain storage structures called golas to store maize longer and earn higher profits. A survey found that 80% of maize produced in Chuadanga is stored in golas for 4-43 weeks until prices increase, earning farmers average annual profits of $389-315 per household. Storing maize in golas controls insects and allows farmers to sell at higher prices, improving livelihoods.
The document summarizes the future of Thailand's rice economy and strategies for reforming the traditional rice platform. It notes that rice is Thailand's staple crop but the sector faces issues like a declining labor force and high production costs. It proposes moving to a new rice platform focused on innovation, value addition, and sustainability through strategies like adjusting production supply, encouraging alternative crops, developing niche markets for smallholders, increasing R&D, and integrating agriculture with tourism. The goal is a more competitive rice industry that supports sustainable rural development.
This document discusses potential areas for collaborative research and development between industry and ICAR-CII, focusing on natural resource management, education, and extension. It provides examples of successful public-private partnerships including Project SHARE in India, Project Sunshine in Gujarat, and Project Golden Rays in Rajasthan, which improved farmer yields and incomes through providing better seeds, agronomic training, and market linkages. The document advocates a balanced, holistic approach utilizing improved seeds, technologies, production practices, and mechanization to boost agricultural productivity in India.
Sorghum – linking farmer, feed manufacturer, fellow scientists and fowlICRISAT
This document summarizes a project that aimed to create sustainable economic linkages between sorghum farmers and the poultry feed industry in India. The project developed sorghum-based poultry feed formulations and tested them through trials. It also formed a coalition of sorghum farmers, scientists, feed manufacturers, and poultry producers. Through this coalition, improved sorghum varieties were grown by farmers and the grain was sold to feed manufacturers. Feed trials showed sorghum could fully replace maize with no effects on bird growth or egg production. All partners benefited - farmers earned more, scientists obtained feedback, and feed manufacturers and poultry producers gained new affordable feed options.
This document provides an overview of the AIP-Maize annual progress review in Pakistan. It summarizes the rationale for AIP-Maize projects to develop climate resilient, biofortified, and stress tolerant maize varieties. It outlines key challenges for maize production in Pakistan. It also describes achievements so far, including variety testing, training programs, and preliminary results from trials of new varieties. Upcoming activities are noted, such as variety allocation, seed distribution, and subgrants to partners to further maize research goals.
The 3rd GRAPAS Conference, held in Bangkok during the Victam Exhibition in April earlier this year attracted up to 130 delegates, many of whom are flour and rice milers, during the course of the day and over the three sessions.
The feeding component in rural and peri-urban smallholder pig systems in UgandaILRI
In the last 30 years, Uganda has had a massive growth in pig population, and currently has the highest per capita consumption of pork in East Africa (3.4 kg year-1). About 90% of the pigs in Uganda are produced in smallholder farms under typical crop-livestock systems, even in the peri-urban setting. This poster presents information from a study to characterize the pig feeding systems in Uganda in terms of the use of local feed resources and gender roles.
Farmers in Chuadanga, Bangladesh have modified traditional grain storage structures called golas to store maize longer and earn higher profits. A survey found that 80% of maize produced in Chuadanga is stored in golas for 4-43 weeks until prices increase, earning farmers average annual profits of $389-315 per household. Storing maize in golas controls insects and allows farmers to sell at higher prices, improving livelihoods.
The document summarizes the future of Thailand's rice economy and strategies for reforming the traditional rice platform. It notes that rice is Thailand's staple crop but the sector faces issues like a declining labor force and high production costs. It proposes moving to a new rice platform focused on innovation, value addition, and sustainability through strategies like adjusting production supply, encouraging alternative crops, developing niche markets for smallholders, increasing R&D, and integrating agriculture with tourism. The goal is a more competitive rice industry that supports sustainable rural development.
The major constraint for smallholder dairy farmers in Nairobi county is inadequate and poor quality feed for their animals. This field day aims to address this issue by demonstrating solutions for overcoming feed shortages during dry seasons. Farmers will learn about various high protein and carbohydrate feed crops like dolichos, sunflower, and bracharia as well as sweet potato vines that can be grown and used for livestock feeding. They will also receive training on pasture management techniques and proper storage of feed crops to ensure availability during dry periods. Maintaining access to sufficient quantities of quality feed is crucial for milk production, so farmers need strategies to improve feed resources and cope with shortages, especially during COVID-19 disruptions. The
Investing in High Quality Tapioca Flour in Uganda : The Why, How, What with a...Akullu
The document discusses High Quality Cassava Flour (HQCF), a project funded by the Bill and Mellinda Gates Foundation across five African countries including Uganda. The project aims to increase incomes of smallholder farmers through value addition to cassava. HQCF is processed from cassava roots within 24 hours to reduce cyanide levels and increase shelf life. There are two types of HQCF - HQCFC and HQCFG - which differ slightly in processing method and properties. Investing in HQCF processing provides opportunities to improve livelihoods and create employment while fulfilling corporate social responsibility.
This document discusses challenges across the food supply chain in ending hunger from production to consumption and proposes solutions. Key issues include producers facing economic hardship, lack of technology and infrastructure, transportation and processing difficulties, weak retailers and high consumer prices. The document proposes technicians work with farmers on best practices, shorten supply chains, establish farmers groups and encourage organic soil management. A proposed project would coordinate between rich and poor farmers and establish food banks to simplify food distribution to the needy.
An analysis of dissemination of livestock feed technology: The case of Bihar ...ILRI
Dairying is an integral part of small-holder farming systems as well as an important source of subsidiary income for most households in Bihar, India and most farmers keep 2-3 cattle. Nevertheless, the per-capita milk availability in Bihar is very low (175 g/d) compared to the Indian average (290 g/d) in 2011-12 as productivity is low, mainly because current feeding is based mainly on crop residues (wheat and rice straw). Constraints to improving these feeding practices include limited farm resources, weak support services and poor knowledge on nutrient requirements and contents. The present study examines the effect of a balanced concentrate feed on livestock productivity in Samastipur and Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar, in comparison to existing feeding practices.
An exploratory analysis of the effectiveness of milk market in Odisha, IndiaILRI
This document summarizes a study on the milk market in Odisha, India. The study examined the milk market channels and prices in different market zones, comparing a high milk production and marketing site (Puri) to a low site (Bhadrak). Survey results showed a higher percentage of milk is sold in the market in the high site compared to the low site. In the high site, middlemen buy a higher proportion of milk followed by milk cooperatives. In the low site, household consumers buy most milk followed by middlemen. Women play a major role in delivering milk and receiving payment in the low market site. Strengthening formal milk markets could increase milk production in the region.
India wastes a significant amount of agricultural produce, around 40% of total horticulture. Post-harvest losses range from 2.8-18% depending on the crop. Only 2% of agricultural produce is processed. Strategies are needed to improve value addition and processing through primary and secondary processing, by-product utilization, supply chain management, and marketing. Contract farming can help by establishing fixed or market-linked prices and quality standards. Companies like Harrisons Malayalam Ltd are working to address these issues through sustainable agricultural practices, social initiatives, and partnerships with small farmers. National strategies are also needed around comparative advantage, policy, skills, financing, technology, and sustainable resource use to transform Indian agribusiness.
The document reviews hydroponic fodder production and its value for livestock. It discusses the principles and methods of hydroponic production. Key benefits include reduced land, water and time requirements compared to conventional fodder production. Hydroponic fodder is also more nutritious, increasing livestock productivity through higher milk yields, meat gains, and overall animal health and performance. However, the initial capital costs of hydroponic systems can be prohibitive.
Many developing countries still have a significant quantity of land available that is well adapted to rain-fed crops – about as much as now is being farmed (over 1.7 billion acres). These lands do not include areas inhabited by human beings, forests, or protected areas.
If a country can produce and export biofuels, it will have a stronger economy and more resources to address the needs of the poor.
Africa, with its significant sugar cane/Cassava production potential, is often cited as a region that could profit from experience and technology, although obstacles to realizing it (infrastructure, institutional, etc.) should not be underestimated.
Philippine Agriculture Past, Present and FutureKarl Obispo
This document discusses the past, present, and future of Philippine agriculture. It describes how Philippine agriculture in the past focused solely on quantity over quality and used monocropping and heavy fertilizer and water use. The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 aims to modernize Philippine agriculture using technology, market-driven practices, and sustainable development. It identifies opportunities for watershed management, upland management, and organic farming to develop a brighter future for Philippine agriculture.
Feed resource availability and fodder markets in northern Ghanaafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Konlan S.P., Ayantunde A.A., Addah W., Dei H.K. and Panyan E.K. for the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
Cattle Production: Considerations for Pasture-Based Beef and Dairy ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This document discusses considerations for pasture-based cattle production. It notes that demand is increasing for sustainably and pasture-raised beef and dairy products. Pasture-based livestock production relies on biodiversity and is more sustainable than intensive systems as it requires fewer costly inputs. Properly managed rotational grazing can lower costs while improving animal health and welfare. The document highlights pasture-appropriate breeds, grazing management, and marketing opportunities for pasture-based producers.
The Business of F&B Innovation - Usec. Berna Romulo-Puyatcourageasia
The document summarizes the state of Philippine agriculture based on a presentation by the Undersecretary of the Department of Agriculture. It outlines that agriculture contributes 9% to GDP but employs 28% of the workforce. The average age of farmers is 57 and daily wages are low. Production of crops, livestock, poultry and fisheries is detailed for recent years. The Department of Agriculture's mandate and 10 basic foundations for a sustainable agriculture program are presented. Examples of heirloom and specialty agricultural products being promoted locally and internationally are provided. Partnerships with the private sector to ensure supply and demand of agricultural goods are emphasized.
Presented by Marion de Vries, Wageningen Livestock Research at Wageningen University, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
The document discusses the farm to fork food supply chain and ensuring food safety at each stage. It covers the key players of farmers, processors, transportation/storage, and consumers. Each stage is described, including farming practices, food processing activities, transportation and storage requirements to prevent contamination, and the importance of proper handling and preparation at the consumer level. Overall it emphasizes that maintaining food safety is a shared responsibility throughout the entire supply chain.
The Philippine Department of Agriculture and its Cassava Industry RoadmapCIAT
The Philippine Department of Agriculture outlined its cassava industry roadmap for 2015-2022 which aims to increase cassava production and utilization in the country. Key points of the roadmap include setting annual cassava production targets to increase yields and areas harvested. It also analyzes the cost competitiveness of Philippine cassava for both export and import substitution, finding domestic production to be competitive. The roadmap is meant to guide the development of the cassava industry in the Philippines over the next 7 years.
Implementing community-based nutrition intervention through farmer-to-farmer ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Christopher Mutungi, Audifas Gasper, Mateete Bekunda and Adebayo Abass for the IITA Board of Trustees Annual Spring Meeting, Arusha, Tanzania, 6 - 10 May 2019.
Regional dairy policy brief: East Africa's forage sub-sector. Pathways to int...ProDairy E.A. Ltd
Dairy production in East Africa is characterized by low productivity, mainly due to animal nutrition constraints. There is a mismatch between the push for genetic breeds with high potential for milk production and the availability of quality forages that can meet the nutritional requirements of these breeds.
The major constraint for smallholder dairy farmers in Nairobi county is inadequate and poor quality feed for their animals. This field day aims to address this issue by demonstrating solutions for overcoming feed shortages during dry seasons. Farmers will learn about various high protein and carbohydrate feed crops like dolichos, sunflower, and bracharia as well as sweet potato vines that can be grown and used for livestock feeding. They will also receive training on pasture management techniques and proper storage of feed crops to ensure availability during dry periods. Maintaining access to sufficient quantities of quality feed is crucial for milk production, so farmers need strategies to improve feed resources and cope with shortages, especially during COVID-19 disruptions. The
Investing in High Quality Tapioca Flour in Uganda : The Why, How, What with a...Akullu
The document discusses High Quality Cassava Flour (HQCF), a project funded by the Bill and Mellinda Gates Foundation across five African countries including Uganda. The project aims to increase incomes of smallholder farmers through value addition to cassava. HQCF is processed from cassava roots within 24 hours to reduce cyanide levels and increase shelf life. There are two types of HQCF - HQCFC and HQCFG - which differ slightly in processing method and properties. Investing in HQCF processing provides opportunities to improve livelihoods and create employment while fulfilling corporate social responsibility.
This document discusses challenges across the food supply chain in ending hunger from production to consumption and proposes solutions. Key issues include producers facing economic hardship, lack of technology and infrastructure, transportation and processing difficulties, weak retailers and high consumer prices. The document proposes technicians work with farmers on best practices, shorten supply chains, establish farmers groups and encourage organic soil management. A proposed project would coordinate between rich and poor farmers and establish food banks to simplify food distribution to the needy.
An analysis of dissemination of livestock feed technology: The case of Bihar ...ILRI
Dairying is an integral part of small-holder farming systems as well as an important source of subsidiary income for most households in Bihar, India and most farmers keep 2-3 cattle. Nevertheless, the per-capita milk availability in Bihar is very low (175 g/d) compared to the Indian average (290 g/d) in 2011-12 as productivity is low, mainly because current feeding is based mainly on crop residues (wheat and rice straw). Constraints to improving these feeding practices include limited farm resources, weak support services and poor knowledge on nutrient requirements and contents. The present study examines the effect of a balanced concentrate feed on livestock productivity in Samastipur and Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar, in comparison to existing feeding practices.
An exploratory analysis of the effectiveness of milk market in Odisha, IndiaILRI
This document summarizes a study on the milk market in Odisha, India. The study examined the milk market channels and prices in different market zones, comparing a high milk production and marketing site (Puri) to a low site (Bhadrak). Survey results showed a higher percentage of milk is sold in the market in the high site compared to the low site. In the high site, middlemen buy a higher proportion of milk followed by milk cooperatives. In the low site, household consumers buy most milk followed by middlemen. Women play a major role in delivering milk and receiving payment in the low market site. Strengthening formal milk markets could increase milk production in the region.
India wastes a significant amount of agricultural produce, around 40% of total horticulture. Post-harvest losses range from 2.8-18% depending on the crop. Only 2% of agricultural produce is processed. Strategies are needed to improve value addition and processing through primary and secondary processing, by-product utilization, supply chain management, and marketing. Contract farming can help by establishing fixed or market-linked prices and quality standards. Companies like Harrisons Malayalam Ltd are working to address these issues through sustainable agricultural practices, social initiatives, and partnerships with small farmers. National strategies are also needed around comparative advantage, policy, skills, financing, technology, and sustainable resource use to transform Indian agribusiness.
The document reviews hydroponic fodder production and its value for livestock. It discusses the principles and methods of hydroponic production. Key benefits include reduced land, water and time requirements compared to conventional fodder production. Hydroponic fodder is also more nutritious, increasing livestock productivity through higher milk yields, meat gains, and overall animal health and performance. However, the initial capital costs of hydroponic systems can be prohibitive.
Many developing countries still have a significant quantity of land available that is well adapted to rain-fed crops – about as much as now is being farmed (over 1.7 billion acres). These lands do not include areas inhabited by human beings, forests, or protected areas.
If a country can produce and export biofuels, it will have a stronger economy and more resources to address the needs of the poor.
Africa, with its significant sugar cane/Cassava production potential, is often cited as a region that could profit from experience and technology, although obstacles to realizing it (infrastructure, institutional, etc.) should not be underestimated.
Philippine Agriculture Past, Present and FutureKarl Obispo
This document discusses the past, present, and future of Philippine agriculture. It describes how Philippine agriculture in the past focused solely on quantity over quality and used monocropping and heavy fertilizer and water use. The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 aims to modernize Philippine agriculture using technology, market-driven practices, and sustainable development. It identifies opportunities for watershed management, upland management, and organic farming to develop a brighter future for Philippine agriculture.
Feed resource availability and fodder markets in northern Ghanaafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Konlan S.P., Ayantunde A.A., Addah W., Dei H.K. and Panyan E.K. for the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
Cattle Production: Considerations for Pasture-Based Beef and Dairy ProducersElisaMendelsohn
This document discusses considerations for pasture-based cattle production. It notes that demand is increasing for sustainably and pasture-raised beef and dairy products. Pasture-based livestock production relies on biodiversity and is more sustainable than intensive systems as it requires fewer costly inputs. Properly managed rotational grazing can lower costs while improving animal health and welfare. The document highlights pasture-appropriate breeds, grazing management, and marketing opportunities for pasture-based producers.
The Business of F&B Innovation - Usec. Berna Romulo-Puyatcourageasia
The document summarizes the state of Philippine agriculture based on a presentation by the Undersecretary of the Department of Agriculture. It outlines that agriculture contributes 9% to GDP but employs 28% of the workforce. The average age of farmers is 57 and daily wages are low. Production of crops, livestock, poultry and fisheries is detailed for recent years. The Department of Agriculture's mandate and 10 basic foundations for a sustainable agriculture program are presented. Examples of heirloom and specialty agricultural products being promoted locally and internationally are provided. Partnerships with the private sector to ensure supply and demand of agricultural goods are emphasized.
Presented by Marion de Vries, Wageningen Livestock Research at Wageningen University, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
The document discusses the farm to fork food supply chain and ensuring food safety at each stage. It covers the key players of farmers, processors, transportation/storage, and consumers. Each stage is described, including farming practices, food processing activities, transportation and storage requirements to prevent contamination, and the importance of proper handling and preparation at the consumer level. Overall it emphasizes that maintaining food safety is a shared responsibility throughout the entire supply chain.
The Philippine Department of Agriculture and its Cassava Industry RoadmapCIAT
The Philippine Department of Agriculture outlined its cassava industry roadmap for 2015-2022 which aims to increase cassava production and utilization in the country. Key points of the roadmap include setting annual cassava production targets to increase yields and areas harvested. It also analyzes the cost competitiveness of Philippine cassava for both export and import substitution, finding domestic production to be competitive. The roadmap is meant to guide the development of the cassava industry in the Philippines over the next 7 years.
Implementing community-based nutrition intervention through farmer-to-farmer ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Christopher Mutungi, Audifas Gasper, Mateete Bekunda and Adebayo Abass for the IITA Board of Trustees Annual Spring Meeting, Arusha, Tanzania, 6 - 10 May 2019.
Regional dairy policy brief: East Africa's forage sub-sector. Pathways to int...ProDairy E.A. Ltd
Dairy production in East Africa is characterized by low productivity, mainly due to animal nutrition constraints. There is a mismatch between the push for genetic breeds with high potential for milk production and the availability of quality forages that can meet the nutritional requirements of these breeds.
The document provides an overview of the Maharashtra Institute of Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (MITTRA), covering its:
1. Genesis in 1993 to implement development programs in Maharashtra.
2. Mission to create gainful self-employment and improve livelihoods, environment, quality of life, and human values through community participation.
3. Thematic areas of work including livestock development, agroforestry, watershed development, women's empowerment, health, and strengthening of people's organizations.
Research on integration of livestock in agricultural systems of Babati Districtafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu (ILRI), Fred Kizito (CIAT) and Leonard Marwa (TALIRI) for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Improving small ruminant productivity and livelihood through feed and health ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Sadat Salifu, Augustine Ayantunde, Addah Weseh, Franklin Avornyo and Solomon Konlan for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Role of livestock extension in the food security scenario of India- Dr.Subin ...KVASU
Livestock extension plays an important role in ensuring food security in India. It transfers technologies from research stations to farmers to increase livestock production and productivity. Various government agencies and non-government organizations are involved in livestock extension to educate farmers, empower women, and enhance human resource development. Strengthening livestock extension services can further improve the livestock sector and help address issues of poverty and food insecurity.
Postharvest feed handling and utilization innovation africa-rising
This document summarizes efforts to reduce postharvest feed losses and improve feed utilization in smallholder systems in Ethiopia. Methods included training farmers in conservation practices and feed formulation. Improved feed troughs and sheds were constructed and demonstrated, reducing feed waste by over 30% and improving feed quality. Analysis found the costs of the troughs and sheds could be recovered within 6 months and 2-3 years, respectively. Over 140 troughs were subsequently scaled up with partners. Challenges to wider adoption included the need for locally suitable materials and designs.
Improving the utilization of sweetpotato and other roots and tuber crop resid...ILRI
Presented by Danilo Pezo, Peter Lule, and Gerald Kyalo at the Workshop on Improving the Utilisation of Sweet Potato and other Roots and Tuber Crop Residues for Pig Feeds in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda, 11 February 2015.
Towards solutions for year round feed availability—Experiences on Innovation ...ILRI
This document summarizes experiences using innovation platforms and value chain approaches to improve year-round feed availability for dairy cattle in Tanzania. It finds that forage establishment is often neglected compared to food crops, despite livestock's potential to increase whole farm productivity. Innovation platforms and value chain approaches helped introduce, evaluate, and promote improved forages like Napier grass. Key factors driving farmers' adoption of improved forages were feed shortages and economic gains, while maintaining adoption were increased forage demand and accumulated benefits from higher animal numbers and milk sales. The study assessed farmers' preferences for forage attributes to inform future upscaling efforts.
Grain legume crop-livestock integration in Ethiopian smallholder systems: The...ILRI
Poster prepared by Mesfin Dejene (University of Queensland) for the ILRI-N2Africa Third Annual Partners’ Review and Planning Workshop, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 27-29 January 2016
The Eastern Africa Agricultural Productivity Project (EAAPP) aims to increase agricultural productivity and growth in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia. For the dairy component in Uganda, EAAPP has addressed constraints like inadequate feeds, poor breeding practices and diseases. Key achievements include: developing Napier grass varieties tolerant to disease; improving cattle genetics through selection and crossbreeding; and developing technologies to control ticks and diseases. Over 2000 farmers have been trained in better pasture management and breeding practices. Purebred exotic cattle have been imported and crossbred with local stock. Artificial insemination has been promoted to disseminate improved genetics. Overall EAAPP has contributed significantly to improving smallholder dairy production in Uganda.
Adopting improved forage grasses and legumes for semi-arid zones in TanzaniaILRI
This document summarizes a study on adopting improved forage grasses and legumes in semi-arid areas of Tanzania. The study found that:
1) Meat and milk are important sources of protein but the shortage of feed, especially during dry seasons, limits livestock productivity.
2) Improved forages like grasses, legumes, and fodder trees have great potential to alleviate this problem by being high-yielding, adaptive, and environmentally friendly.
3) The study validated several forage varieties for adoption in semi-arid and sub-humid areas of Tanzania and both public and private sectors need to invest in disseminating these varieties to farmers.
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
A prosperous and nutritionally secure drylands through demand-driven innovation ICRISAT
A prosperous and nutritionally secure drylands through demand-driven innovation
Presentation by ICRISAT Director General Dr. David Bergvinson at the CGIAR meeting in USA on 2 November 2015.
The Agriculture and Nutrition Extension Project (ANEP) in Bangladesh sought to increase the productivity and incomes of smallholder farmers through introducing sustainable agricultural technologies. Key activities included mobilizing farmers into business-oriented groups, facilitating connections between farmers and private sector actors, and demonstrating new technologies. ANEP exceeded its targets by helping more beneficiary households increase their income and improving the productivity of crops like vegetables, fish, and grains by an average of 35% over the control group through introducing technologies like vermicomposting, minimum tillage practices, and aquaculture.
While small scale family farmers grow food, and produce 70% of the food in this region, we remain to be poorest, hungriest, mostmalnourished? Why ? First because many of us do not have adequate access , control or ownership of the basic natural resources needed to do farming: land, waters, forests, seeds. Without land rights, we cannot decide what to plant, when to plant, where to market the produce, and in many cases, get only a 30% share of the produce of the farm. Without water rights, the fishes we could have captured in our seas and waters are first captured by big commercial trawlers, leaving so little for the many of us who would like to fish. Without forestry rights, we lose our forests to big mining and logging companies. Without rights to breed, conserve, save and exchange seeds, we will be dependent on the seeds of big and multi-national seed companies..
Second, our yields are low, of inferior quality, and we do not have the money to buy necessary inputs such as seeds, fertilizers or even farm tools or put up needed services such as irrigation, electricity.
Feed and forage development and scaling in the Ethiopian highlands africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Use of grain legumes residues as livestock feed in the smallholder mixed crop...ILRI
This document summarizes research on using grain legume residues as livestock feed in smallholder mixed crop-livestock farming systems in Ethiopia. It outlines that mixed crop-livestock production is the predominant farming system, where livestock play an important role in crop cultivation while obtaining feed from crop residues. However, crop residues are often deficient in nutrients, posing a challenge to livestock productivity. The document discusses opportunities to improve the feed quality of grain legume residues through crop management techniques like fertilizer application and inoculation. It aims to boost the role of higher-quality grain legume residues in fodder supply to benefit smallholder farmers and livestock.
ICRISAT Big ideas for partnership portfoliocropreg
1. Smallholder farmers in dryland regions rely mainly on rainfed agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change is increasing the risks they face from more variable rainfall patterns.
2. The document proposes several "Big Ideas" to improve rural livelihoods and promote climate resilience in these regions. These include developing climate resilient communities, sustainably managing natural resources using proven models, and breeding new drought-tolerant varieties of dryland cereals and grain legumes.
3. One proven model discussed is the Bhoochetana program from India, which achieved major increases in crop yields and agricultural incomes through soil and water conservation practices, use of improved seeds and fertilizers, and farmer training.
Similar to Irrigated Improved forages for smallholder dairy in Kilosa, Mvomero and Babati Districts, Tanzania (20)
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Irrigated Improved forages for smallholder dairy in Kilosa, Mvomero and Babati Districts, Tanzania
1. Maziwa Zaidi (More Milk) in Tanzania
Irrigated Improved forages for smallholder dairy in Kilosa,
Mvomero and Babati Districts, Tanzania
Angello J. Mwilawa1, David Ngunga2 and Ben Lukuyu2
1Tanzania Livestock Research Institute
2International Livestock Research Institute
Key messages
Dairy farming is an important enterprise for income
generation, food security and soil fertility.
Increasing dairy productivity requires adequate supply of
quality feed in smallholder farms which requires the use
of high yielding and of quality forages that can maximize
productivity per unit area.
Napier grass is the most widely established and adopted
grass in dairy production in TZ and other ECA countries.
Napier gave yields of 48 to 82 tons of dry matter / ha
/year under good agronomic and management practices.
Surplus fodder can be conserved and be used when there
is feed shortage and maintain milk supply.
Conserved fodder could be sold at profitable price.
Opportunities to invest and scale
Deliberate effort to creating awareness and capacity building to
all stakeholders on fodder production as an enterprise to
generating incomes by both public and private sector
Assured availability of quality forage all year around require
participation of all key stakeholders, at each level; forage
production, consumption and marketing.
Private sector have shown ability to design forage technologies
that are labour saving and gender sensitive such as wooden and
motorized forage choppers
Private sector have potential to validate and disseminate
recommended proven good forage technologies e.g. hay making;
silage making;
Strengthening forage seed system and assurance of quality forage
planting material need involvement of both public sector and
private sector.
Pictures
Key results
Table 1. Forage yield from Napier pure stand and Napier-legume mixture in
farmers field Kilosa, Mvomero and Babati District
High yields were obtained from both fodder grass and grass – legume
mixture had higher yields than pure stand
Table 2 - Farmers subjective appraisal on Ensiled fodder -Silage
Note: Farmer reported similarity in colour, aroma and attractiveness of the
silage made regardless of the type of silo and the type of sugar sprinkled.
The silage that had molasses scored high in almost all parameters assessed
This document is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International Licence. April 2017
March 2017
Objectives and approach
To contribute to food production, improving nutrition,
and accelerating economic development while protecting
the environment.
On-farm irrigated fodder demonstrations and farmer
participatory evaluation approaches were used, with
technical support of animal nutrition laboratory service.
Maziwa Zaidi thanks all donors and organizations which globally support the
work of ILRI and its partners through their contributions to the CGIAR system
Photo 3: Surplus fodder harvested for silage; Photo 4: Chopping
using local merchants/pangas and metal coppers (motorized
chopper are preferred)
Photo 1: Integrated Napier/lablab fodder; Photo 2: Participatory
Forage Agronomic Evaluation in farmers fields