The document discusses the history and functionality of the computer mouse. It describes how Douglas Engelbart invented the first mouse in 1963. It explains the basic functions and actions of a mouse like pointing, clicking, scrolling. It also discusses different types of mice based on available features like cordless, footmouse, and technology used like mechanical, optical. The document is a thorough overview of the computer mouse.

1. April 2nd, 2013 Human computer Interaction
Mouse - re-programmed
Group 3

2. What is Mouse
A mouse is a pointing device that
functions by detecting two-
dimensional motion relative to its
supporting surface. The mouse's
motion typically translates into the
motion of a pointer on a
display, which allows for fine
control of a graphical user
interface.
A research has found that MOUSE
is an acronym for (Manually
Operated User Selection
Equipment).

3. Inventor of the Mouse
Douglas Engelbart of the Stanford Research Institute
invented the wheel-based mouse in 1963. The first ball-
based mouse was invented by Bill English at Xerox PARC in
1972.

4. Inventor of the Mouse…
However, mice broke onto the public stage only in
1984, with the introduction of the Apple Macintosh.

5. How it connects
 PS2
 USB

6. Functionality of the Mouse

7. Mouse Actions
 Point
 Click
 Double Click
 Right Click
 Scroll
 Drag
 Drop
 Highlight

8. Basic Functions
 There are lots of different styles of mouse, but most have a
left and a right button.
Wheel/Scroller
Left Mouse
Button
Right Mouse
Button

9. Point
 means you move the mouse across a flat surface until the
mouse pointer
 restson the item of choice on the desktop. It will appear
as an arrow (pointer) for you to use to point.

10. Click
 Click
means you press and release the primary (left)
mouse button. You must point to an item
 beforeyou click. Be careful not to move the mouse while
you are clicking.

11. Right-click
 Right-click
means you press and release the secondary
(right) mouse button.
 You will point to an object on the screen prior to right-
clicking. Whenever you right-click an object, a context-
sensitive, or basically a shortcut, menu will display. The use
of shortcut menus speeds up your work and adds flexibility
to your interface with the computer.

12. Right-click contd.

13. Double click
 You double click with the left mouse button to open
things, such as a folder.
 Youneed to double click quickly, think about the
'knock, knock' you do on a door.

14. Drag and drop
 Drag and drop is when you move something from one place to
another.
 First select the item with the left mouse button and keep the
button pressed down. Then move will move with the cursor. the
mouse and the item on screen
 When you have the cursor and item in the position you
want, release the left mouse button.
 The item will now be dropped into where the cursor is positioned
on the screen.
 You use drag and drop to move things around your
computer, such as files between folders.

15. Drag and drop

16. Scrolling Wheel
 TheScrolling Wheel allows you to quickly scroll vertically
on your page. Every mouse does
 not
have a scrolling wheel, however, it is an efficient and
convenient way to scroll up and down

17. How Data Sent
Whenever the mouse moves or the user clicks a button, the mouse
sends 3 bytes of data to the computer. The first byte's 8 bits contain
1. Left button state (0 = off, 1 = on)
2. Right button state (0 = off, 1 = on)
3. Middle button state (0 = off, 1 = on)
4. 1
5. X direction (positive or negative)
6. Y direction
7. X overflow (the mouse moved more than 255 pulses in 1/40th of a second)
8. Y overflow

18. How Data Sent contd.
 The next 2 bytes contain the X and Y movement values,
respectively. These 2 bytes contain the number of pulses that
have been detected in the X and Y direction since the last
packet was sent.

19. How Should I Hold the Mouse?
Keep your arm straight without
moving your wrist. Only move your
arm and elbow, not your wrist. This
will help to prevent carpal tunnel.

20. How Should I Hold the Mouse?
 Cradle the mouse by allowing your
thumb to rest on the side while
your pinkie and ring finger rest on
the other side.
 Place your index finger on the left
button and your middle finger on
the right button

21. Why Does the Pointer Change Its Shape?
 TheI-beam appears when you are
in any area that permits typing
new text or editing existing text. It is
also called the typing cursor.
 The
cross-hair appears when you
have the ability to change or
move a window or graphic.

22. Why Does the Pointer Change Its Shape?
 Thedouble arrow indicates you
have the ability to resize a window
or graphic.
 Thedouble arrow indicates you
have the ability to resize a window
or graphic.

23. Why Does the Pointer Change Its Shape?
 When
you see an hourglass, your
computer is performing an action.
 Pleasebe patient and wait until
the hourglass disappears

24. Mouse Types

25. Mouse types
 Mice
available in the market can be categorized
according to several characteristics.
• By Available features
• By number of buttons it has
• By technology used to connect

26. Mouse Types
By Available Features

27. Mouse Types by available features
 Cordless
• Good- cordless, no wire!
• Bad- it will commonly require some type
of electronic device to broadcast a
signal and uses batteries
 Footmouse
• Good- don't have to move hands
• Bad- Got any feet control?
 Glidepoint
• Good- uses your finger. No extra wires!
• Bad- Mouse is better for gaming

28. Mouse Types by available features
 IntelliMouse
• Good-wheel enables the user to easily scroll
up and down
• Bad- When first invented it also had a wheel
on the bottom
 Joystick
• Good- Better gaming excitement; control
device like navigating a plane.
• Bad- You don't play games all the time.
 J mouse
• Good- no wire
• Bad- difficult to use; uses the J key on the
keyboard to move around

29. Mouse Types by available features
 Mechanical
• Good- Was good in its time
• Bad- contains a metal or rubber ball on its
under sideto move around
 Optical
• Good- utilizes light-emitting diodes (LED) or
laser as a method of tracking movement.
• Bad- Only worked on one type of surface but
newer ones work all type of surfaces.
 Touchpad
• Good- Better than a mouse on laptops. Makes
it more portable.
• Bad- Not nice to play games.

30. Mouse Types by available features
 Trackball
• Good- equires less arm and wrist motion; pointer is moved by the
trackball with a thumb or finger
• Bad- Learn it may take a while
 TrackPoint
• Good- No wire; is a small isometric joystick that resembles a
pencil's eraser head
• Bad- Gaming always needs a mouse. Stress on finger tip.
 Wheel mouse
• Just another name for the IntelliMouse.
• .

31. Mouse Types
By Number of Buttons

32. Mouse Types by Number of Buttons
 Single Button mouse
• Douglas Engelbart 's first mouse had a single
button
• In Apple products
Remarks
Apple Mouse still capable to do the right click by
holding the CTRL key

33. Mouse Types by Number of Buttons
 Double button mouse
• Early 90’s this was a famous one.
• Typically it has two buttons called as
left button (Primary button) and Right
button (secondary button).

34. Mouse Types by Number of Buttons
 Triple button mouse
• Here we can see two of primary and
secondary button and then middle
button as well.
• Middle button helps to link
opening, Tab opening, Scrolling.

35. Mouse Types by Number of Buttons
 Double button + Wheel mouse
• Most popular model is this.
• Wheel helps to link opening, Tab
opening, Scrolling

36. Mouse Types by Number of Buttons
 Multi Button Mouse
• Gaming mouse

37. Mouse Types
By Technology Used

38. Mouse Types by Technology Used
 Early Mouse (First Mouse)
• From left to right: Opposing track wheels
by Engelbart

39. Mouse Types by Technology Used
 Mechanical Mouse
Operating a mechanical mouse.
• moving the mouse turns the ball.
• X and Y rollers grip the ball and transfer
movement.
• Optical encoding disks include light holes.
• Infrared LEDs shine through the disks.
• Sensors gather light pulses to convert to X and
Y velocities.

40. Mouse Types by Technology Used
 Optical Mouse
• An optical mouse uses a light-emitting
diode and photodiodes to detect
movement relative to the underlying
surface, rather than moving some of its
parts as in a mechanical mouse.

41. Mouse Types by Technology Used
 Laser Mouse
• This mouse uses a small infrared laser instead
of an LED, which increases the resolution of
the image taken by the mouse. This leads to
around 20× more surface tracking power to
the surface features used for navigation
compared to conventional optical
mice, via interference effects

42. Mouse Types by Technology Used
 Inertial Mouse
• Inertial mice use a tuning fork or other accelerometer to detect movement for
every axis supported. Usually cordless, they often have a switch to deactivate
the movement circuitry between use, allowing the user freedom of movement
without affecting the pointer position.

43. Left Hand Friendly Mouse

44. Left hand ?
 March 9, 2006 Roughly 13% of the population is left-
handed, meaning there are around 850 million people on
planet earth with a preference for using their left hand for
a variety of tasks
 Earlierleft-handed computer users have only had the
choice of navigating with an ambidextrous-shaped mouse
or unnaturally using their right hand to scroll, point and
click.

45. First Left Hand Mouse
 Logitechannounced its MX610 left-hand Laser Cordless
Mouse in 2006

46. First Game Mouse
 The Razer DeathAdder Left-Hand Edition

47.  Todaythere are many brand of left
hand mouse devices available on
the market.
 But
you don’t always have to go
and buy a left hand mouse.
 You
can easily switch your ordinary
mouse to left-handed mode.

48. How to reprogram the
mouse for left hand users?

49. Step 1 - Type “mouse” on your Start Menu
and select the first entry.

50. Steps 2 - From the “Mouse Properties” select
the “Button” tab

51. Step 3 - Check the “Switch primary and
secondary buttons” box

52. Now your primary select
button is your right
button, and the secondary
button is the left button.

53. How to change mouse
pointers for left hand
users?

54.  Even though functionality of the
button has changed, it can still be
awkward to select items on screen
with your left hand using the
default cursors (because it is
pointing to the north-west)

55.  MSDNhas a free set of cursors designed for left-
handed users, that can fix this problem for you.
 These
are the mouse pointers that require to be
changed
Normal Select: aero_arrow_left.cur
Help Select: aero_helpsel_left.cur
Working in Background: aero_working_left.ani
Busy: aero_busy_left.cur
Handwriting: aero_pen_left.cur
Link Select: aero_link_left.cur

56. Step 1- Visit the following link to download left
hand mouse pointers from MSDN
http://archive.msdn.microsoft.com/lefthanded/Release/ProjectRel
eases.aspx?ReleaseId=2509

57. Step 2 - Click each link to
download all 6 cursors for
your size.

58. Step 3 - Click “I Agree” after selecting the cursors
to accept the license agreement and download
them.

59. Step 4 - Once you have all 6 cursors
downloaded, select the “Pointers” tab in the
Mouse Properties dialog.

60. Step 5 - Click the cursor you want to change, and
then click Browse to select the new cursor.

61. Step 6 - Browse to the folder you downloaded
your new cursors to, select the correct cursor, and
click Open.

62. Step 8 - After changing all the
cursors, click Save As… to save this
mouse scheme so you can easily
select it in the future. Finally click Ok
to close the Mouse Properties dialog
and accept the changes.

63.  After successfully implementing the
left hand mouse pointers it will look
like this (mouse pointer turning to
the north east side).

64. Evolution of mouse

65. The B.X. (Before Xerox) Era
 The mouse was invented by Douglas
Engelbart in 1964.
 It consisted of a wooden shell, circuit
board and two metal wheels that came
into contact with the surface it was being
used on. The rotation of each single wheel
translating into motion along one of the
respective axes.
 The name “mouse” originates from the
fact that the device had a “tail” behind
it, connecting it to a computer and a
display and was the idea of Bill English, a
colleague of Engelbart's and the person
who actually built the prototype device.

66. The “ball mouse” and Xerox
 In 1972 Bill English and Jack Hawley for
Xerox, refined the design of
Engelhard's mouse and added some
interesting new features.
 replacement of the two gear-system
with a small metal ball, pressed
against metallic rollers for tracking the
movement.
 improvement of the interaction system
with the computer, which now does
not require anymore an analog-to-
digital converter, instead sending
digital positional information directly
to the computer.

67. Apple gets into the mouse game
 Around the same period, Steve Jobs was
also looking for an innovative,
inexpensive, mass-producible and
reliable input system for his forthcoming
Apple systems.
 As a result in 1983 Apple's Lisa system
made its way to the market.
 Its key components included the optical
encoder wheels, a free-moving tracking
ball, and a precision injection-molded
inner frame. It also used a squeeze-
release DE-9 connector and only one
button, which remained one of the most
famous trademarks of Apple mice for
years to come.

68. Apple gets into the mouse game
 At the same period of time
Another important research center
involved in the development of
mouse technology, apart from
Xerox's facility, was the Ecole
polytechnique federale de
Lausanne (EPFL) has introduced
further developed mouse featuring
a single hard rubber mouseball
and three buttons, which, as we all
know only too well, remained the
mainstream solution until way into
the 1990's

69. Experimenting with the first optical mouse
and the first cordless mouse
 In 1981, Richard Lyon invented the
first optical mouse at Xerox PARC.
 In1982, Steve Kirsch developed an
optical mouse that required a
mouse-pad with a grid printed on it
for tracking.
 In1984, Logitech in
Switzerland(one of the major
players in market) introduced the
world's first cordless mouse.

70. The second half of the 1980's and early 1990's
 introduction
by IBM of the PS/2
operating system and the
corresponding mouse interface.
 ThePS/2 was the standard mouse
connectivity interface for a
very, very long time, only the
advent of USB and of the various
wireless connectivity solutions
making it slowly disappear

71. The second half of the 1980's and early 1990's
 Towards the beginning of the
1990's, Logitech managed to refine its
cordless mouse design and came up
with RF-based solutions, the first of
which was called the Cordless Mouse-
Man and arrived on the market in
1991. Still too expensive for most
people to afford, but at least it was a
step in the right direction.
 In 1993, Honeywell launched an
alternate approach to the mouse
tracking concept, namely the Opto-
Mechanical mouse, which used two
small angled discs on its bottom that
track movement instead of the ball.

72. Let's start scrolling!
 The first mouse equipped with a
scroll wheel was the
ProAgio, developed by Mouse
Systems back in 1995.
Unfortunately, this model went
fairly unnoticed, but we can't say
the same about Microsoft's scroll-
wheel equipped peripheral, which
arrived on the market a year
later, in 1996.

73. Going for USB
 Back in 1998, Apple was one of the
first companies to use USB for its
mice.
After that, a lot of companies
adopted the USB interface
and, nowadays, there are very few
mice featuring PS/2 connectors
out of the box (if any).

74. The Optical Mice
 Optical mice appeared towards
the end of the 1990's, in 1999, to be
precise, following a development
by Agilent Technologies, which
created the first optical mouse
sensor that works without need for
a special pad. The solution was
quickly adopted by almost all
peripheral
manufacturers, including
Microsoft, Apple, Logitech, etc.

75. Going wireless
 The two main competitors in this
field are RF (radio) and Bluetooth
technologies, most manufacturers
going for either of the two or both
solutions.

76. Laser Mouse
 The first working models were delivered by
Sun Microsystems in 1998.
 In 2004, Logitech's MX1000 mouse hit the
shelves, bringing laser into the
mainstream.
 Laser technology provides seriously
improved tracking resolutions by
replacing the LED light with a laser engine.
 Providing more accurate tracking than
optical mice, laser-based peripherals are
also a bit more expensive, and for this
reason, they're mostly targeting the
gaming segment, where speed and
accuracy are extremely important.

77. Microsoft's BlueTrack enters the mouse game
 In 2008, Microsoft's hardware-
oriented division came up with yet
another innovation in the field of
computer peripherals and tracking
technology, namely BlueTrack.
 Thiscomplex solution uses
elements from both laser and
optical technologies, allowing
mice to be used on pretty much
any type of surface, as long as it's
plane, of course.

78. Apple Magic Mouse
 Apple released the Magic Mouse
in 2009, with a minimalist design
and a multi-touch pad covering
the whole surface of the mouse.

79. Future of the mouse and
new trends.

80. Future of the mouse
There are lots of new experiments going
on the field of interaction between
humans and computer today.
People are researching on
innovative, more accurate and more
faster ways of communicating with
devices.
Hand aided mouse is becoming an old
slow technology. So in near future it will
be an obsolete technology which
beautifies the history of evolution in the
interaction devices.

81. Future of the mouse contd..
 Multi touch enabled devices.
• Uses simple finger gesture for issuing
complex commands.
• It is more than what we do with mouse.
(E.g.:- Double clicking, pointing to an
icon in the desktop.)
• E.g.:- “pinching” – using two fingers to
zoom in and out a picture or the
screen.
• Apple's new Magic Mouse is actually a
gesture-recognizing touch pad.

82. Future and new trends contd..
 Gesture sensing.
• Its more than what we do with motion of the boll in a mouse
to track the movement and move the curser accordingly.
• Gesture sensing allows the user to give a command in a
three dimensional space.
• In the games players can shoot using finger gestures and
captures the physical movements of the humans to play the
games and other movements.
• This can interact with more real time sense of doing
something for a rich human computer interaction.
• By taking human-computer interactions outside of the two-
dimensional screen of the computer, it makes the time we
spend with our computers will become more physical,
rewarding and effective.

83. Future of the mouse contd..
 Brain Computer Interfaces.
• We need to think what we want to do
and computer will do it for us.

84. Future and new trends contd..
 So people are moving to use the brain signals or waves to capture
and use it in the computer functionality.
 This is more and more faster that we can’t even imagine.
 With those technologies mouse is definitely going to be dead in
future.

85. Future and new trends contd..
 Voice recognition and Eye tracking
 Instead of bothering to handle a mouse and pointing it on
the screen users can just speak to the computer and get
things done.
 Helps to use in people who have disabilities in using physical
devices.
 This interaction interface is much flexible with every one.

86. Future of the mouse contd..
 It needs to have a look and the eye
movements will be captured as an
input to the system.
 So-called eye tracking relies on a high-
resolution camera and an invisible
infrared light source to detect where a
user is looking.

87. Questions & Discussion