Motor Neuron Disease
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This document discusses motor neuron disease (MND), including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment approaches from both modern and Unani medicine perspectives. MND is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It typically affects individuals after age 50 and leads to paralysis and eventual death due to respiratory failure. Unani medicine views MND as resulting from an excess of cold, phlegm-producing foods that cause obstruction in the nervous system. The document recommends a Munzij Mushil therapy using herbs to evacuate morbid matter as the main Unani treatment, which claims to show benefits without side effects. It concludes that collaborative research on Unani medicine's disease concepts could lead to
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Motor neuron disease
1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive motor neuron disease that affects both upper and lower motor neurons.
2. ALS is defined by evidence of both lower motor neuron degeneration causing weakness, wasting, and fasciculations and upper motor neuron involvement shown by spasticity and increased reflexes.
3. Riluzole is the only FDA-approved drug shown to modestly slow disease progression in ALS patients, extending survival by a few months. Edaravone was also approved in 2017 as an antioxidant therapy.
Motor neuron disease - Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Classificat...
Motor neuron disease - Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Classificat...Chetan Ganteppanavar
This document discusses motor neuron diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It provides details on the classification, symptoms, signs, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of ALS and related conditions. Key points include that ALS is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and fasciculations. Diagnosis involves finding signs of both upper and lower motor neuron involvement. Prognosis is typically worse if onset is bulbar or simultaneous in multiple limbs. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms while no treatments have been proven to slow disease progression.Motor neuron disease
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Motor Neuron Disease and PT Mx
Motor neurons are neurons that control muscles and glands. Their cell bodies are located in the brainstem or spinal cord, and their axons project to muscles. Motor neuron disease (MND) refers to conditions where motor neurons degenerate, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), where both upper and lower motor neurons are affected. In ALS, muscles weaken and waste away as motor neurons die, and symptoms may include limb weakness, bulbar problems like slurred speech, and respiratory issues. The disease progresses as motor neurons continue to deteriorate over time.
MOTOR NEURON DISEASE
This document provides information on motor neuron disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in particular. It discusses the pathology, classification, clinical manifestations, investigations, differential diagnosis and treatment of motor neuron diseases with a focus on ALS. ALS is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons leading to muscle weakness, atrophy and fasciculations. Riluzole and edaravone are approved treatments that can modestly prolong survival.
Motor neuron disease
1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons.
2. The disease causes muscle weakness, disability, and eventually death, with annual incidence rates of 1-3 cases per 100,000 people.
3. While ALS is typically a sporadic disease, about 10% of cases are familial or genetic. The disease progresses relentlessly over time, typically beginning in the limbs or bulbar region and spreading to other areas.
Motor neuron disease
Motor neuron disease (MND) refers to conditions characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of MND and involves both upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is clinically defined based on involvement of motor neurons and includes features such as muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and stiffness. The pathology of ALS involves degeneration and death of motor neurons in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord leading to muscle denervation and atrophy. While the cause of ALS is largely unknown, factors such as oxidative stress, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and glutamate excitotoxicity are hypothesized to contribute to motor neuron de
Motor Neurone Disease
Motor neurone disease (MND) involves the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex. It is usually sporadic with an unknown cause, though genetics and oxidative damage may play a role. There is no sensory involvement and it has a prevalence of 5 per 100,000 people per year. Common patterns include progressive muscular atrophy starting in hands, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with mixed upper and lower motor signs, and primary lateral sclerosis confined to upper motor neurons. MND is diagnosed clinically and has no cure, but treatments can help with symptoms and slow progression. The disease gradually spreads and most patients die within 3-5 years due to respiratory complications.
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Motor neuron disease
1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive motor neuron disease that affects both upper and lower motor neurons.
2. ALS is defined by evidence of both lower motor neuron degeneration causing weakness, wasting, and fasciculations and upper motor neuron involvement shown by spasticity and increased reflexes.
3. Riluzole is the only FDA-approved drug shown to modestly slow disease progression in ALS patients, extending survival by a few months. Edaravone was also approved in 2017 as an antioxidant therapy.
Motor neuron disease - Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Classificat...
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This document discusses motor neuron diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It provides details on the classification, symptoms, signs, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of ALS and related conditions. Key points include that ALS is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and fasciculations. Diagnosis involves finding signs of both upper and lower motor neuron involvement. Prognosis is typically worse if onset is bulbar or simultaneous in multiple limbs. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms while no treatments have been proven to slow disease progression.Motor neuron disease
Motor neuron disease is a rare disease it doesn't have any cure here in this video I have tried playing what is mnd its types causes how to diagnose and its management plan
Motor Neuron Disease and PT Mx
Motor neurons are neurons that control muscles and glands. Their cell bodies are located in the brainstem or spinal cord, and their axons project to muscles. Motor neuron disease (MND) refers to conditions where motor neurons degenerate, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), where both upper and lower motor neurons are affected. In ALS, muscles weaken and waste away as motor neurons die, and symptoms may include limb weakness, bulbar problems like slurred speech, and respiratory issues. The disease progresses as motor neurons continue to deteriorate over time.
MOTOR NEURON DISEASE
This document provides information on motor neuron disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in particular. It discusses the pathology, classification, clinical manifestations, investigations, differential diagnosis and treatment of motor neuron diseases with a focus on ALS. ALS is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons leading to muscle weakness, atrophy and fasciculations. Riluzole and edaravone are approved treatments that can modestly prolong survival.
Motor neuron disease
1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons.
2. The disease causes muscle weakness, disability, and eventually death, with annual incidence rates of 1-3 cases per 100,000 people.
3. While ALS is typically a sporadic disease, about 10% of cases are familial or genetic. The disease progresses relentlessly over time, typically beginning in the limbs or bulbar region and spreading to other areas.
Motor neuron disease
Motor neuron disease (MND) refers to conditions characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of MND and involves both upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is clinically defined based on involvement of motor neurons and includes features such as muscle weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, and stiffness. The pathology of ALS involves degeneration and death of motor neurons in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord leading to muscle denervation and atrophy. While the cause of ALS is largely unknown, factors such as oxidative stress, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and glutamate excitotoxicity are hypothesized to contribute to motor neuron de
Motor Neurone Disease
Motor neurone disease (MND) involves the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex. It is usually sporadic with an unknown cause, though genetics and oxidative damage may play a role. There is no sensory involvement and it has a prevalence of 5 per 100,000 people per year. Common patterns include progressive muscular atrophy starting in hands, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with mixed upper and lower motor signs, and primary lateral sclerosis confined to upper motor neurons. MND is diagnosed clinically and has no cure, but treatments can help with symptoms and slow progression. The disease gradually spreads and most patients die within 3-5 years due to respiratory complications.
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Motor neuron diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that progressively cause nerves in the brain and spinal cord to lose function, affecting voluntary muscle movement. The most common type in adults is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons. There is no cure for motor neuron diseases, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms and maximizing quality of life through supportive care, rehabilitation, and FDA-approved drugs that may slow progression. Prognosis depends on the specific type of motor neuron disease and age of onset, with some forms being fatal and others non-fatal but still impacting quality of life over time.
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Motor neuron disease (MND), also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It leads to muscle weakness and atrophy due to the degeneration of motor neurons. The majority of cases have no clear cause, though some are genetic. There is currently no cure for MND, but riluzole has been shown to modestly extend survival. Symptomatic treatments can help address problems like excessive saliva or emotional lability. Prognosis is generally poor, as most patients die within 3-5 years of diagnosis due to respiratory failure or other complications.
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Motor Neurone Disease (MND), also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of motor neurons. While most research has focused on mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), recent evidence suggests abnormal SOD1 folding may be present in both familial and sporadic ALS. This could provide a unifying pathogenesis and help develop more targeted treatments. Current drug trials primarily target downstream effects like glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, but emerging research on gene silencing and stem cells may lead to therapies that address the underlying causes of MND.
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Motor neuron disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by degradation of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem. It has an incidence of 2 per 100,000 people and prevalence of 6 per 100,000. Risk factors include age, gender, family history, and certain gene mutations. The pathophysiology involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, proteasome inhibition, and microvascular impairment. Clinically, it presents with muscle weakness, cramps, stiffness, and atrophy. Investigations include EMG, NCV, CSF analysis and imaging. Treatment focuses on symptom management with medications, nutrition, and respiratory support.
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Motor neuron diseases are characterized by the dysfunction and degeneration of motor neurons. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, which involves both upper and lower motor neurons. Other types include primary lateral sclerosis, which affects only upper motor neurons, and progressive muscular atrophy, which predominantly impacts lower motor neurons. Spinal muscular atrophy is a genetic disorder caused by a defect in the SMN1 gene that results in lower motor neuron loss and proximal muscle weakness.
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Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a progressive, degenerative, and incurable disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The most common types are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons, and pseudobulbar palsy, which only affects upper motor neurons in the brainstem. Symptoms include muscle weakness, stiffness, and wasting in the limbs as well as difficulties with speech, swallowing, and breathing. While the cause remains unknown, risk increases after age 40 and men are slightly more likely to be affected than women. Currently, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, though the drug riluzole may slow progression
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This case presentation describes a 42-year-old man who presented with progressive weakness, spasticity, and pseudobulbar palsy in his upper and lower limbs over the past 6 months. Clinical examination revealed features of both upper and lower motor neuron involvement. Investigations including MRI, CSF analysis, and EMG were consistent with a diagnosis of motor neuron disease. The patient was found to be HIV positive. Given his clinical presentation and HIV status, he was diagnosed with HIV-associated generalized motor neuron disease. The pathogenesis of motor neuron disease in the context of HIV is not fully understood but may involve retroviral myelopathy or reactivation of endogenous retroviruses. Treatment involves continuation of HAART and supportive measures
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Motor neuron diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that affect motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, leading to progressive muscle weakness. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons. Symptoms start in one area, such as weakness in the arms or slurred speech, and gradually spread. As motor neurons die, muscles waste away and it becomes difficult to move, swallow, breathe and speak. There is no cure and the cause is largely unknown, though some risk factors include age, sex, family history and head trauma. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and maximizing function and comfort through supportive care, devices, therapy and medications like riluzole.
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Motor neuron diseases are a group of neurological disorders that cause the motor neurons responsible for voluntary muscle movement to deteriorate or die. This leads to muscle atrophy and weakness as messages from the brain can no longer reach the muscles. Several types of motor neuron diseases are described, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive bulbar palsy (PBP), pseudobulbar palsy, dysarthria, dysphagia, progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), and spinal muscular atrophy. The document provides details on the symptoms and characteristics of each disease.
ALS - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ALS is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. There is currently no cure, and the average survival time is 3-5 years from symptom onset. Riluzole is the only approved treatment shown to modestly prolong survival. Supportive care focuses on managing symptoms like spasticity, secretions, and respiratory failure to prolong function and quality of life. The ice bucket challenge raised significant funds for ALS research. Diagnosis requires ruling out other causes and demonstrating both upper and lower motor neuron signs that progress over time.
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1. Motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) is a progressive disorder causing degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex.
2. It typically causes muscle weakness and wasting as well as speech and swallowing difficulties. Symptoms start focally and spread, with eventual widespread involvement.
3. The only approved treatment is riluzole, which may modestly prolong survival. Otherwise, management focuses on supportive care, physical/occupational therapy, and assistive devices to preserve quality of life.
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By Dr Piyush Ojha , DM Resident, GMC Kota
under guidance of Prof. Dr Vijay Sardana (HOD,Neurology)
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a fatal neurological disease that causes progressive muscle weakness and paralysis. The exact causes are unknown but may include genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms start with muscle weakness and progress to include slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and eventually paralysis of the diaphragm leading to respiratory failure. While there is no cure, treatments can help manage symptoms and some medications may slow disease progression. The average life expectancy is 2-5 years from diagnosis but can vary significantly.
Motor neuron disease.pptx new
Motor neuron diseases are a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that progressively cause nerves in the brain and spinal cord to lose function, affecting voluntary muscle movement. The most common type in adults is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons. There is no cure for motor neuron diseases, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms and maximizing quality of life through supportive care, rehabilitation, and FDA-approved drugs that may slow progression. Prognosis depends on the specific type of motor neuron disease and age of onset, with some forms being fatal and others non-fatal but still impacting quality of life over time.
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- Mr. K.M.K. 63yrs old retired teacher presented with slurring of speech, increased salivation, and weakness of both upper limbs and right lower limb for 4 months with dysphagia and nasal regurgitation. Examination revealed wasting of forearm muscles with fasciculation, spastic tongue, and dysarthria. There were no sensory abnormalities, convulsions, or sphincter disturbances. The findings were consistent with motor neuron disease.
Neurology mnd for 5th year 2011
Motor neuron disease (MND), also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It leads to muscle weakness and atrophy due to the degeneration of motor neurons. The majority of cases have no clear cause, though some are genetic. There is currently no cure for MND, but riluzole has been shown to modestly extend survival. Symptomatic treatments can help address problems like excessive saliva or emotional lability. Prognosis is generally poor, as most patients die within 3-5 years of diagnosis due to respiratory failure or other complications.
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Motor Neurone Disease (MND), also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of motor neurons. While most research has focused on mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), recent evidence suggests abnormal SOD1 folding may be present in both familial and sporadic ALS. This could provide a unifying pathogenesis and help develop more targeted treatments. Current drug trials primarily target downstream effects like glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, but emerging research on gene silencing and stem cells may lead to therapies that address the underlying causes of MND.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of inherited neurological disorders characterized by the progressive stiffening and weakening of the lower limbs. The most common symptoms are difficulty walking and lifting the toes. HSP results from degeneration of nerve fibers in the spinal cord that control the lower body, and can be caused by mutations affecting axonal transport, mitochondria, or myelin. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on physical therapy, medication to reduce spasticity and pain, and addressing complications like contractures.
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Motor neuron diseases are characterized by the dysfunction and degeneration of motor neurons. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, which involves both upper and lower motor neurons. Other types include primary lateral sclerosis, which affects only upper motor neurons, and progressive muscular atrophy, which predominantly impacts lower motor neurons. Spinal muscular atrophy is a genetic disorder caused by a defect in the SMN1 gene that results in lower motor neuron loss and proximal muscle weakness.
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Motor Neurone Disease (MND) is a progressive, degenerative, and incurable disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The most common types are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons, and pseudobulbar palsy, which only affects upper motor neurons in the brainstem. Symptoms include muscle weakness, stiffness, and wasting in the limbs as well as difficulties with speech, swallowing, and breathing. While the cause remains unknown, risk increases after age 40 and men are slightly more likely to be affected than women. Currently, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, though the drug riluzole may slow progression
Motor neuron disease in HIV
This case presentation describes a 42-year-old man who presented with progressive weakness, spasticity, and pseudobulbar palsy in his upper and lower limbs over the past 6 months. Clinical examination revealed features of both upper and lower motor neuron involvement. Investigations including MRI, CSF analysis, and EMG were consistent with a diagnosis of motor neuron disease. The patient was found to be HIV positive. Given his clinical presentation and HIV status, he was diagnosed with HIV-associated generalized motor neuron disease. The pathogenesis of motor neuron disease in the context of HIV is not fully understood but may involve retroviral myelopathy or reactivation of endogenous retroviruses. Treatment involves continuation of HAART and supportive measures
Motor neuron diseases. ppt.
Motor neuron diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that affect motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, leading to progressive muscle weakness. The most common type is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which affects both upper and lower motor neurons. Symptoms start in one area, such as weakness in the arms or slurred speech, and gradually spread. As motor neurons die, muscles waste away and it becomes difficult to move, swallow, breathe and speak. There is no cure and the cause is largely unknown, though some risk factors include age, sex, family history and head trauma. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and maximizing function and comfort through supportive care, devices, therapy and medications like riluzole.
Neuro Muscular Disorders
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We hope if you find this slideshow helpful for your seeking of this subject.
Cheers,
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Motor neuron diseases are a group of neurological disorders that cause the motor neurons responsible for voluntary muscle movement to deteriorate or die. This leads to muscle atrophy and weakness as messages from the brain can no longer reach the muscles. Several types of motor neuron diseases are described, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive bulbar palsy (PBP), pseudobulbar palsy, dysarthria, dysphagia, progressive muscular atrophy (PMA), and spinal muscular atrophy. The document provides details on the symptoms and characteristics of each disease.
ALS - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ALS is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. It causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. There is currently no cure, and the average survival time is 3-5 years from symptom onset. Riluzole is the only approved treatment shown to modestly prolong survival. Supportive care focuses on managing symptoms like spasticity, secretions, and respiratory failure to prolong function and quality of life. The ice bucket challenge raised significant funds for ALS research. Diagnosis requires ruling out other causes and demonstrating both upper and lower motor neuron signs that progress over time.
Clin Neuro Mnd Davidson06.
1. Motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) is a progressive disorder causing degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and motor cortex.
2. It typically causes muscle weakness and wasting as well as speech and swallowing difficulties. Symptoms start focally and spread, with eventual widespread involvement.
3. The only approved treatment is riluzole, which may modestly prolong survival. Otherwise, management focuses on supportive care, physical/occupational therapy, and assistive devices to preserve quality of life.
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Motor neurone disease pathogenesis and therapeutic potential
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Motor neuron diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that affect motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The presentation and progression of symptoms varies depending on whether upper motor neurons, lower motor neurons, or both are affected. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common type of motor neuron disease in adults and causes progressive weakness and atrophy as motor neurons degenerate. While there is no cure for motor neuron diseases, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and maximizing quality of life.
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coma
This document discusses coma and disorders of consciousness. It defines coma as a state of unresponsiveness and unconsciousness, and notes that coma can be a medical emergency requiring intervention. The document outlines different levels of arousal from alert to coma and describes conditions like encephalopathy, locked-in syndrome, and persistent vegetative state. Causes of impaired consciousness discussed include alcohol, epilepsy, intoxication, trauma, infection, stroke, and hypoxia-ischemia. The Glasgow Coma Scale for assessing coma is also summarized.
Coma_.pptx
This document provides information about coma, including definitions, levels of arousal, causes, Glasgow Coma Scale assessment, and approach to history and physical examination. Coma is defined as a state of unresponsiveness and unconsciousness. The Glasgow Coma Scale is used to assess levels of arousal from alert to coma and classify coma severity. Potential causes of coma discussed include hypoxia-ischemia, infections, structural injuries or diseases of the brain, metabolic disorders, and toxic exposures. The history and physical exam aim to identify potential causes and clues about neurological function by evaluating vital signs, skin exam, neurological exam of eyes and motor responses.
Prakash park
parkinson's disease by me ..........prakash mahala p.g. medical surgical nursing at himalayan college of nursing dehradun.......prakashjpmmahala@gmail.com
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1) Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroys memory and thinking skills, and is the most common cause of dementia.
2) It is characterized by beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain that disrupt communication between neurons.
3) Current treatments aim to improve symptoms but do not stop the progression of the disease. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are the most common drug therapies to improve cognitive function.
Neurodegenerative disorders
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Ams
This document discusses delirium, which refers to an altered level of consciousness or cognitive function. Delirium can be assessed using scales like the AVPU or Glasgow Coma Scale, and further evaluated with tests like the Mini-Mental State Examination. Common causes of delirium include drug withdrawal, infections, metabolic and electrolyte imbalances, tumors, trauma, and vascular issues. Initial emergency management involves resuscitation, thorough examination, and investigations to identify the underlying cause for targeted treatment.
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Motor Neuron Disease
- 2. • MND is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects motor neurons of brain & spinal cord. • This progressive degeneration of motor neurons leads to atrophy, paralysis, & eventually death due to respiratory failure.
- 4. • Usually after the age of 50 years • Very uncommon before the age of 30 years • Affects male more than females.
- 5. 5% Genetic Origin 95% Acquired origin • Autosomal dominant inheritance • Defect lies on chr 21 • Enzyme involved : Superoxide dimutase (SOD1) •Viral infections •Exposure to toxins •Trauma •Electric Shock
- 6. UMN+LMN UMN LMN Primary Lateral Sclerosis Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Progressive Muscular Atrophy
- 7. • GLUTAMATE EXCITOTOXICITY • OXIDATIVE STRESS • MITROCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION • PROTEIN AGGREGATION
- 9. • Loss of capability • Slowed movements • Loss of muscle strength • Spasticity • Emotional lability • Hyperreflexia • Excessive production of saliva •Loss of muscle strength •Muscle Atrophy •Fasciculation •Flaccidity •Muscle cramps •Hyporeflexia •Nabz-Bati and mutawafit •Qaroora-ghaleez and mukkadar
- 10. • Diagnosis is mainly done considering history and physical examination • Creatinine phospho kinase may be increased 2-3x than normal in most. • CSF may show mild protein elevation(less than 100 mg/dl) • EMG studies shows variation
- 11. • RILUZOLE is main treatment in modern medicine. • It acts by blocking Glutamate release. • And slows the progression of disease to an extent.
- 12. • Unani medicine is based upon theory of humors. • It is caused due to dominance of Baroodat which paves a suitable ground for developing Ghaleez Luzj Khilt which causes obstruction in the propagation of Rooh muharrika in A’saab.
- 13. • Acc. to Unani concept major risk factors include: 1. Middle & Old age 2. Cold Weather & Temperament 3. Balgham producing foods. • Qusta bin luqa in his writings described the localization of lesion in treatment of neurologic diseases and their prognosis. • He maintains that if patient speaks words,the lesion is in spinal cord,& is treatable.;if speech is not clear or totally absent ,then lesion is in brain ,and is hard to treat.
- 15. • Avoid flatulent,cold temperament foods. • Balanced diet enriched with :
- 17. قنب’بھنگ
- 18. • Istefragh , evacuation of morbid matter (mawad e fasida) is done which tends to produce the disease. • Tabiyat naturally tends to evacuate the morbid matter from the body.It is called Istefragh e tabayi . • But sometimes,the tabiyat fails to evacuate,then it becomes the duty of physician to evacuate it,it is called Istefragh e sanavi. For the evacuation of this morbid matter , the most propagated treatment of Unani system MUNZIJ MUSHIL THERAPY is most beneficial.
- 19. • Drugs to be used in this therapy would be: Munzij Balgham - منضجبلغم Mushil balgham - مسھلبلغم Munaqi dimaaq wa Asaab - منقیدماغواعصاب Muqawi dimaaq wa Asaab - مقوىدماغواعصاب Muhalil - محلل • The treatment to neuronal damage of motor neuron disease appears to show obvious effect, and no toxic side effects on the human body, with low-cost drugs which majority of patients can afford.
- 21. • Make up mind for collaborative study with the unani medicine for concept of every disease. • This might lead to successful reaserches.