This document discusses different theories of motivation in the workplace. It covers intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and equity theory. The document also examines what motivates people in different countries, what employees value in their jobs, and how the 40-hour work week emerged. A key point is that while pleasure, leisure, and happiness are often seen as motivators, a truly happy and motivated person would feel compelled to act due to their nature but remain detached from outcomes and desires.