This document discusses morphological concepts including: - Inflectional morphemes change grammatical categories like number or tense, while derivational morphemes can change word class. - Affix order is important, with derivational suffixes coming before inflectional ones. - Some words have irregular or unidentifiable elements like plural sheep or past tense went. - Morphemes are realized through morphs, with allomorphs being variant forms of a single morpheme like plural -s, -z, or -es.

1. MORPHOLOGICAL

2. An inflectional morpheme never
changes the grammatical category of a word.
Example:
old + (-er) = older
(adj)
(adj)

3. A derivational morpheme can change
the grammatical category of a word.
Example:
teach + (-er) = teacher
(verb)
(noun)

4. Whenever there is a derivational
suffix and an inflectional suffix attached to
the same word, they always appear in that
order.
teach + (-er) = teacher teacher + (-s) = teachers
(DS)
(IS)

5. PROBLEMS in

6. Unidentifiable/ Inseparable Elements
(i) Plural Form
sheep
man
goose
sheep
men
geese

7. Unidentifiable/ Inseparable Elements
(ii) PastTense
read
go
cut
read
went
cut

8. Unidentifiable/ Inseparable Elements
(iii) Noun
Adjective
law
mouth
legal
oral

9. Other Problems
leg
car
polite
win
legal?
carnivore?
cosmopolite?
window?

10. MORPHS

11. Morphs, the actual forms used to realize
morphemes.
Example:
cats
[cat + (-s)]
bus
[bus + (-es)]

12. Allomorphs, any of the different forms of
a morpheme.
Example:
Past Tense: called [-d], talked [-t],
glided [-ed]
Morpheme: [-d]
Allomorphs /-d/ /-t/ /-ed/

13. Example:
Plural Formation: desks [-s], cars [-z],
buses [-ez]
Morpheme: [-s]
Allomorphs /-s/ /-z/ /-ez/