This document provides an overview of different wet processing treatments for textiles. It begins with introducing the presenters and then provides a flow chart showing the sequence of various pretreatment processes like grey fabric inspection, sewing, brushing, cropping, singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, and mercerizing. It then proceeds to describe each process in 1-2 paragraphs with details about the purpose and method involved. The key processes covered are grey fabric inspection, sewing, brushing, cropping, singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching and mercerizing.

1. Welcome to our presentation
Different treatments of wet processing
 Md. Monirul Islam
 Fazle Rabby
 Shawpon
 Ovi Islam
 Faridul Islam Milon
 Manab sharkar

2. Flow Chart of Pretreatment

Grey Fabric Inspection
↓
Sewing or Stitching
↓
Brushing
↓
Croping/shearing
↓
Singeing
↓
Desizing
↓
Scouring
↓
Bleaching
↓
Mercerizing

3. Grey Fabric Inspection
Grey fabric inspection is the process of identifying weaving faults
in the fabric just after the grey fabric production in the loom
To find:
 Stop mark
 Pick faults, e.g.-miss pick and double pick.
 Wrong density /drawing
 Pattern or design break
 Selvedge faults, e.g.-lashing in, cut selvedge.
 Oil stain.
 Crack, hole 8. Missing ends
 Slubs.

4. Process of grey fabric inspection

5. Stitching:

To increase the length of the fabric for making
suitable for processing is called stitching. It is
done by plain sewing m/c

6. Brushing:
 To remove the dirt, dust, loose fibre & loose
ends of the warp & weft threads is known as
brushing.

7. Shearing / Cropping:

The process by which the attached ends of the warp & weft thread is
removed by cutting by the knives or blades is called shearing. Shearing is
done for cotton & cropping for jute. After Shearing or cropping fabrics
goes under singeing process.

8. Singeing:
The process by which the protruding / projecting
fibres are removed from the fabrics by burning /
heat to increase the smoothness of the fabric is
called singeing. If required both sides of fabric are
singed.
Burner

9. Desizing
 Desizing is an essential stage of all textile processing,
in which ‘size’ is removed from fabric before
completing the pre-treatment process, which is
necessary before dyeing, printing and finishing

10. Scouring
 Scouring is the first process carried out with or
without chemicals, at room temperature or at
suitable higher temperatures with the addition of
suitable wetting agents, alkali and so on. Scouring
removes all the waxes, pectins and makes the textile
material hydrophilic or water absorbent.

12. Bleaching
 Bleaching is chemical treatment employed for the
removal of natural coloring matter from the
substrate. The source of natural color is organic
compounds with conjugated double bonds , by
doing chemical bleaching the discoloration takes
place by the breaking the chromophore , most likely
destroying the one or more double bonds with in
this conjugated system. The material appears whiter
after the bleaching.

14. Mercerizing:
A treatment of cotton yarn or fabric to increase its luster and affinity for
dyes. The material is immersed under tension in a cold sodium
hydroxide (caustic soda) solution in warp or skein form or in the piece,
and is later neutralized in acid. The process causes a permanent
swelling of the fiber and thus increases its luster. It is the process of
treatment of cellulosic material with cold or hot caustic conditions under
specific conditions to improve its appearance and physical as well as
chemical properties.

15.  Objects:
 1.To improve the lusture
2.To improve the strength
3. To improve the dye uptake and moisture
regain.

16. Sizing:
Size is a gelatinous film forming substance in solution or
dispersion form, applied normally to warp yarns. It can
sometimes be applied to weft yarns. Sizing is the process of
applying the size material on yarn. A generic term for
compounds that are applied to warp yarn to bind the fiber
together and stiffen the yarn to provide abrasion resistance
during weaving.

17. Starch, gelatin, oil, wax, and manufactured polymers such as
polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polyacrylic acid, and
polyacetates are employed. The process of applying sizing
compounds. The process of weighing sample lengths of yarn
to determine the count.