The document outlines various measures to evaluate product value against its cost, focusing on measures of effectiveness (MOEs), performance (MOPs), key performance parameters (KPPs), and technical performance measures (TPMs). MOEs relate to mission success, while MOPs and KPPs assess performance attributes important for meeting design requirements and customer needs. TPMs track design progress and identify technical risks, ensuring systems meet operational objectives.

1. +
Measures of Product Value in Exchange for it’s Cost
We cannot determine the Value of something unless we know it’s cost. But determining Value requires
have tangible measures to be compared against the cost. In the Systems Engineering Paradigm, these
are the Measures of Effectiveness, Measures of Performance,Technical Performance Measures, and Key
Performance Parameters
1

2. +Measure of Effectiveness (MoE)
Measures of Effectiveness …
nAre stated in units meaningful to the buyer,
nFocus on capabilities independent of any
technical implementation,
nAre connected to the mission success.
Operational measures of success that are closely related to
the achievements of the mission or operational objectives
evaluated in the operational environment, under a specific set
of conditions.
MoE’s Belong to the End User
“Technical Measurement,” INCOSE–TP–2003–020–01
2

3. +Measure of Performance (MoP)
Measures of Performance are …
n Attributes that assure the system has the capability and capacity to
perform,
n Assessment of the system to assure it meets design requirements to
satisfy the MoE.
Measures that characterize physical or functional attributes
relating to the system operation, measured or estimated
under specific conditions.
“Technical Measurement,” INCOSE–TP–2003–020–01
MoP’s belong to the Program – Developed by the Systems
Engineer, Measured By CAMs, and Analyzed by PP&C
3

4. +Key Performance Parameters (KPP)
Key Performance Parameters …
nHave a threshold or objective value,
nCharacterize the major drivers of performance,
nAre considered Critical to Customer (CTC).
Measures that Represent the capabilities and characteristics
so significant that failure to meet them can be cause for
reevaluation, reassessing, or termination of the program
The acquirer defines the KPPs during the operational concept
development – KPPs say what DONE looks like
4
“Technical Measurement,” INCOSE–TP–2003–020–01

5. +Technical Performance Measures
(TPM)
Technical Performance Measures …
nAssess design progress,
nDefine compliance to performance requirements,
nIdentify technical risk,
nAre limited to critical thresholds,
nInclude projected performance.
Attributes that determine how well a system or system
element is satisfying or expected to satisfy a technical
requirement or goal
5
“Technical Measurement,” INCOSE–TP–2003–020–01

6. + From Vision and Mission to
Delivered Solutions
6
“Coming to Grips with Measures of
Effectiveness,” N. Sproles, Systems
Engineering, Volume 3, Number 1, pp. 50–58
MoE
KPP
MoP TPM
Mission
Need
Acquirer Defines the Needs and Capabilities
in terms of Operational Scenarios
Supplier Defines Physical Solutions that
meet the needs of the Stakeholders
Operational
measures of success
related to the
achievement of the
mission or
operational
objective being
evaluated.
Measures that
characterize physical
or functional
attributes relating
to the system
operation.
Measures used to
assess design
progress,
compliance to
performance
requirements, and
technical risks.