Module 1. Fundamentals of Agricultural Engineering.pptx
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Module 1. Agricultural Engineering Fundamentals for the students of Sorsogon State University - Castilla Campus
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Module 1. Fundamentals of Agricultural Engineering.pptx
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO AE FUNDAMENTALS OSCAR PETER D. PASCUAL FUNDAMENTALS OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING ISO 9001: 2015 CERTIFIED Republic of the Philippines SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY Castilla Campus Mayon, Castilla, Sorsogon
- 2. Topics to be discussed A.Agricultural Engineering: Scope and Career opportunities B. Overview of Land and water resources engineering C. Role of irrigation and water resources engineering in agricultural development D. Brief historical perspective of irrigation and water resources development
- 3. Advances in Agricultural Engineering have delivered some of the most significant developments we’ve seen in modern farming. These aren’t technologies of tomorrow, they are already being used by man farming businesses today, for example technical developments in nozzle design to improve sprayer efficiency and minimize the risk of drift, or the robotic milking of dairy cows. However, we’ve only seen the tip of the iceberg in terms of what this area of R and D can deliver for our industry in the future. • Peter Kendall • President, NFU
- 4. Agricultural Engineering in the Philippines: Scope and Career opportunities Republic Act No. 10915, Agricultural engineering • the application of Engineering Sciences and designs to the processes and systems involved in the sustainable production, post production and processing of safe food, feed, fiber, timber and other agricultural and biological materials and the efficient utilization, conservation, and management of natural and renewable resources in order to enhance human health in harmony with the environment. • Agricultural and bio systems consist of crops, forestry and other plants, poultry, livestock, fisheries, and aquaculture resources and other animals, wildlife and other living things.
- 5. Major Fields • Agricultural and Biosystems power and machinery
- 6. Agricultural and biosystems Buildings and Structures
- 7. Agricultural and Bio Processing
- 8. Agricultural and biological waste utilization and management
- 9. Agricultural and Bio information systems
- 10. Agricultural and biosystems automation and instrumentation
- 11. Agricultural and biosystems resource conservation and management Conservation and proper management of agricultural and biological resources such as but is not limited to: area development for agriculture, settlement, and recreation; parks and plant nurseries; beneficial eco-system of life and environment; study and analysis of agricultural systems as an integrated component of landscape; monitoring and conservation of natural resources; rehabilitation of forest, lakes, rivers and idle lands; and the sustainable development, management, and exploitation of the agricultural ecosystem
- 12. Irrigation
- 13. Soil and water Conservation
- 14. Scope • Preparation of engineering designs, plans, specifications, project studies • Supervision or management on the construction, operation, and maintenance • Valuation, appraisal, investigation, inspection, monitoring, and technical audit • Program/project development and management, planning, and consultancy services • Conduct of research and development, training and extension on agricultural and biosystems engineering. • Testing, evaluation, and inspection of agricultural and biosystems engineering facilities, equipment and projects. • Manufacture, distribution, installation, and sale of agricultural and biosystems machinery and other related agricultural and biosystems engineering facilities and equipment. • Teaching and/or conducts of lecture of agricultural and biosystems subjects in institutions of learning in the Philippines
- 15. Preparation and evaluation of farm development plans, farm suitability maps and land use maps/reports for agricultural, livestock and poultry, fishery, aquaculture and forest production and processing. Training and supervision of agri-fishery machinery technicians and operators of agri-fishery machinery services centers/pools, and agricultural and biosystems engineering technicians and operators in agricultural and biosystems plants, establishments, facilities, and projects. Employment with the government and private firms and establishments in positions requiring the services of an agricultural and bio systems engineering. Participation in the preparation of environmental studies for agricultural, fisheries, agro industrial and biosystems projects and its monitoring under the Environmental Impact assessment system.
- 16. B. Land and water resources engineering Legend 0.00 - 0.20 0.21 - 0.50 0.51 - 1.00 1.01 - 2.00 2.01 - 5.00
- 19. Role of irrigation and water resources engineering in agricultural development
- 20. Status of irrigation development (NIA, 2020)
- 22. • That’s it..
Editor's Notes
- to farm power and machinery for the production, harvesting, processing, storage, manufacture, preserving, transporting and distribution of agricultural and biological products/materials and includes but not limited to tractors and their attachments, power tillers, seeders, transplanters, windmills, harvesting machines, crop protection maintenance equipment, irrigation equipment and accessories, green houses and other thermal conditioning equipment, livestock, poultry, fishery and forest equipment, slaughtering equipment, meat/fishery and crop processing equipment, post-harvest machines such as milling machines, dryers, threshers, grain and other strippers, agricultural transport machinery and storage.
- refers to building and structures for the production, harvesting, processing, storage, manufacture, preserving, transporting and distribution of agricultural products/materials and includes, but is not limited to silos and its components, agricultural and biosystems machinery and equipment sheds, farm houses, green/screen houses, farm-to-market roads, farm bridges, agricultural and biological products storage/warehouse, buildings and structures for poultry, livestock, fishery and forestry production and processing, kiln drying and lumber treatment structure, farm equipment, farm supplies, and other structures such as self-feeders, and soil and water conservation structures.
- refers to local activity or series of activities to maintain or raise the quality or change the form or characteristics of agricultural, fishery, forestry and biological materials and includes, but is not limited to, cleaning, sorting, grading, treating, drying, dehydrating, grinding,, mixing, milling, canning, dressing, slaughtering, freezing, pasteurizing, conditioning, packaging, repacking, transporting of agricultural, fishery, forestry and other biological products/ materials.
- refers to the use and application of agricultural and biosystems sensors such as, but is not limited to computers models for control and automation in the agricultural and fishery production industry and the biological systems and likewise, robotics for farm operation when use of machines are difficult or impossible, agricultural precision farming systems, agricultural safety and controlled-environment agriculture; and the development and application of metrology equipment such as moisture meters, weighing scale and other metrology equipment
- refers to the application of water to the soil to supply the essential moisture needed for plant growth. Also, it includes the application of water to the soil to make it more workable, or to create a micro-environment that is beneficial for plants. It shall include drip, sprinkler, shallow tube wells and other pressurized irrigation system, surface and groundwater resource management. And irrigation structures ad facilities such as dams, weirs, pump systems, conveyances, canals and flumes.
- refers to measures that control soil and water degradation and enhance farm productivity; and shall consist of small farm reservoir, farm ponds, small water impoundments, contour farming, and terracing; soil erosion control, land conditioning and mulching, and flood control.
- The first principle explains that although majority of the earth’s surface is covered with water, only a fraction is available for use. This is further complicated by water pollution, allocation between agriculture, industry and domestic use. A representation is shown in figure 16. Water resources development decisions on the conduct of projects should be done in participatory manner. Prior to the undertaking of projects that may alter watersheds, stakeholders should be involved which may include but not limited to the representatives of the agriculture sector, domestic users, indigenous people/groups, government particularly on the environment, and the funding sector. Impact analysis should be prepared so as to determine the potential adverse effects of a project. Although presently, this is already observed in the country, some other areas should involve women’s participation as embodied in the “equal” opportunity rights of individuals. Although water is considered “free”, resources are needed to extract it from the source and deliver it to the point of utilization. This is called “service fees” which is to be paid by the users. This means that it has an economic value and should paid for sustainability.
- It could be noted that Region V has the potential to expand production areas. There are still about 96,436.42 ha that could be irrigated out of the total 239,440 estimated irrigable areas.