modern in education

1. MODERN TRENDS AND
DEVELOPMENTS IN EDUCATION

2. TREND
-is a change or development towards something
new or different. So the trend in education means
continuously upgrading the education system
according to the present necessities.

3. COMPUTER- BASED INSTRUCTION
 Computer Based Learning (CBL) refers to the use of computers as a key
component of the educational environment. While this can refer to the use
of computers in a classroom, the term more broadly refers to a structured
environment in which computers are used for teaching purposes.
Practically, learners interact with various types of learning material via
computer.
Other terms:
• Computer- based training
• Computer- assisted instruction
• Computer- assisted learning

4.  Computer Based Learning is often seen as the most
efficient and effective manner in which to conduct
distance education, as a lesson plan can be created that
allows people to study at their own pace, either via the
Internet or software installed on individual computers at
various sites.

5. USES:
 DIGITAL SIMULATIONS- Simplified representations of real
situations and processes creating and analyzing a digital
prototype of a physical model to predict its performance in the real
world.
 Invite learners to enter real-life situations virtually.
Examples:
Strategy coPilot
Virtual school

6. USES:
INSTRUCTIONAL GAMES
• Providing motivation elements, such as competition, cooperation
can leverage the learners’ competitive instincts to promote
engagement and knowledge retention.
• educational games prompt users to combine what they have
learned with their physical, visual and cognitive skills.
• Examples:
• Typing Software
• Coloring game
• Math Games
• Puzzle games

7. USES:
DRILL AND PRACTICE
• designed to increase fluency in a new skill or body of
knowledge or to refresh an existing skill
• repetitive tasks designed to prompt the learner to practice
what they learned

8. USES
TUTORIALS
 A tutorial can present information in lecture format aided by
multimedia and other presentation material. Brief question tests
can pop-up between sections to help the learner check their
progress and repeat accordingly.

9. CBI PROGRAM IN THE PHILIPPINES
 1996 Computerization Program of DepEd (DCP)
 The DepEd Computerization Program (DCP) aims to provide
public schools with appropriate technologies that would
enhance the teaching-learning process and meet the challenges
of the 21st century
 2013- integrated in the K-12 curriculum
 SUCs Computerization Program CMO 7 s. 1997
 Higher education act of 1994
 The goal of the program is to develop within students the
knowledge and skills that computer technology can provide

10. ADVANTAGES
 Interactive and can motivates learners
 Trainees have greater control over their learning experiences
 Provides consistency in presentation.
 Can adjust difficulty to level of learner
 Involves dynamic concepts or processes and can use multiple forms of
presentation.
 Can maintain records of student performance.
It also allows for educators to measure progress in an environment that
is often more structured than the typical classroom, limiting stress and
allowing for a focus on non-technical elements of pedagogy.

11. LIMITATIONS:
 It’s easy for students to be distracted by the computer's
other uses
 Their development is time- consuming and can be costly
 Equipment and software can also be costly
 Not all subjects or fields can be assisted or supported by
CBI.
 Slow Internet connections or older computers may make
accessing course materials frustrating

12. HOME- STUDY PROGRAM
 Also referred to as home- based learning
 Home study programs are designed to provide an
alternative learning system for students who cannot avail
formal instruction in a regular school
 In homeschooling, the parent is the primary teacher. If
the parent is not capable or available, they can hire tutors
that will discuss the reference materials.

13.  homeschool providers are accredited by the
Department of Education (DepEd).
 Student performance and exam results will be
assessed by the homeschool providers, in line with
DepEd’s curriculum

14. SCHOOLS OFFERING HOME- STUDY PROGRAM
IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Alternative Learning of Asia
• Angelicum College – Catholic Filipino Academy (CFA)
• Colegio de San Juan de Letran
• Harvest Christian School International – The Master’s
Academy (TMA) The School of Tomorrow – Gopala Play
Center
• Treston International College

15. ADVANTAGES
 Home study programs can be an effective learning style because it
provides customized content that students can learn at their own pace
 Shelter children from school violence, drugs, bullying and peer
pressure
 Parents Provide their children with the personal interaction that
teachers in large classrooms are not able to provide
 Discuss controversial topics at their discretion with their children
 Flexibility to make the schedule work with your own lifestyle and
pattern
 Religious freedom

16. DISADVANTAGES:
 homeschooling can absorb a substantial amount of a
parent’s time
 Students may have limited involvement in team sports
and other extra-curricular activities
 Constantly adapt to be effective teachers
 Constantly motivate their children
 Lack of social interaction

17. DISTANCE EDUCATION
 Distance education or distance learning is a method of delivering
education and instruction to students who are not physically
present in a traditional setting such as a classroom.
 Provides learning opportunities to individual learners and groups
who may not have the chance and time to attend formal schooling.
 Learning instruction is disseminated over the internet through an
online learning portal or video conference software.

18. DISTANCE E-LEARNING (DEL)
 is the combination of Distance Education and e-Learning
which is characterized by the extensive use of Information
and Communications Technology (ICT) in the delivery of
education and instruction.
 Distance e-Learning (DEL) is a hybrid teaching model
where students learn through a combination of physical
and online class interactions.

19. DIFFEENCE BETEEN DISTANCE EDUCATION AND E-
LEANING
 Distance Learning
 This concept is more about the distance between the student
and the teacher, and how technology bridges that gap. Student
attends school through their internet.
eLearning
 eLearning is any kind of learning that includes technology to
help the learner. This includes videos, touch screen technology,
online tools, or any other kind of media.

20. DISTANCE EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES
(OPEN UNIVERSITY)
• AMA University Online Education (AMA OEd)
• University of the Philippines Open University
• Polytechnic University of the Philippines Open University
• CAP College Foundation, Inc.
• Asian Institute for Distance Education (AIDE)
• New Era University (NEU)
• Benguet State University – Open University
• Visayas State University – Open University

21. OPEN HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM
 It is an alternative mode of formal secondary education program
run by the Bureau of Secondary Education (BSE) of the Department
of Education (DepED) of the Republic of the Philippines.
The program provides an opportunity for elementary school
graduates, high school drop-outs and successful examinees of the
Philippine Education Placement Test (PEPT) to complete secondary
education in a purely distance learning mode.

22. LEGAL BASIS FOR DISTANCE EDUCATION
 CMO no. 27 s. 1995- Defined a program as offered on distance
education mode. Only Level III accredited programs or CHED
equivalent were allowed for this mode.
 CMO no. 27 s. 2000- Updated Policies and Guidelines on Open
Learning and Distance Education (OLDE)- includes open learning as
part of “alternative systems of education”.
CMO no. 27 s. 2005- Policies and guidelines on distance education,
…Included supervision of autonomous schools
 CMO 2 s. 2008- Policies, Standards and Guidelines (PSG) on
Transnational Education (TNE) Adopted UNESCO/ Council of Europe
definition of TNE.

23. ADVANTAGES OF DISTANCE LEARNING
 it allows you to fit your learning around your work and home life.
 Greater Flexibility- tudents can pursue and complete their desired courses from
anywhere with the use of computer and internet connection
 No commuting
 Physically incapacitated individuals can attend classes
 A distance learning course often costs less than a full-time degree.
 Adapting to new technology and learning environments
 Utilization of multimedia
 Virtual classroom
 Chat room
 Video conferencing ( Hangouts, Zoom, Cisco WebEx, )

24. DISADVANTAGES OF DISTANCE LEARNING
 Lack of Social Interaction
 Loneliness and feelings of isolation
 Lack of motivation
 Distance learning providers usually offer dedicated
support to their online or distance learning students.

25. COMPETENCY- BASED CURRICULUM
 Competency-based education is an approach to teaching
and learning more often used in learning concrete skills
than abstract learning.
 Competency-based learning begins by identifying
specific competencies or skills, and enables learners to
develop mastery of each competency or skill at their own
pace.
 It uses a performance-based learning process.

26. COMPETENCE
 is defined as a combination of knowledge, skills and
attitudes appropriate to the context of education, work,
personal or professional development
-The BASIC COMPETENCIES refer to non-technical skills
(knowledge, skills and attitudes) that everybody will need in
order to perform satisfactorily at work and in society and are
considered portable and transferable irrespective of jobs and
industrial settings

27. COMPETENCY- BASED CURRICULUM
 Competency-based learning begins by identifying
specific competencies or skills, and enables learners to
develop mastery of each competency or skill at their own
pace.

28. COMPETENCY-BASED EDUCATION
 National Competency-Based Teachers Standards (NCBTS)- is an
integrated theoretical framework that defines the different dimensions of
effective teaching, where effective teaching means being able to help all
types of students learn the different learning goals in the curriculum.
It provides schools with teachers who are able to help students develop
their abilities, attitudes and skills for them to function effectively in an
environment that is changing rapidly in many different ways.
 It has been initiated to advocate a greater format partnership between the
Commission on Higher education (CHED), Teacher Education Institutes (TEIs),
Philippine Regulatory Commission (PRC), Department of Education (DepEd) and
the Civil Service Commission (CSC) for the improvement of both pre-service and
in-service education.

29. COMPETENCY-BASED EDUCATION AND TRAINING
 TVET- requires a set number of “units of competency”. A
Certificate of Competency is issued to individuals who have
satisfactorily demonstrated competence on a particular or
cluster of units of competency

30. ADVANTAGES
Identifies the range of behaviors that will enable
students to perform to a high potential in a variety of
situations.
Learning outcomes are more long term, flexible for
future skills needs/ labor market needs
Student learning is enhanced because of the
specification of expected outcomes and continuous
feedback

31. DISADVANTAGES
• In a competency-based curriculum, emphasis is not placed
upon the learners' accumulation of memorized knowledge or
behavior, but instead on their proficiency in a particular zone.
• it ignores the importance of social learning
• it will not fit the preferred learning styles of many students
• it focuses on immediate employer needs and is less focused on
preparing learners with the flexibility needed for a more
uncertain future

32. ASSESSMENT TOOLS
• written papers
• Portfolios
• Projects
• observed student performance
• computer-marked assignments
• detailed rubrics
• both formative and summative assessment

33. LADDERIZED PROGRAM
 is a new system of education in the
Philippines that allows learners to
progress between Technical Vocational
Education and Training (TVET) and
College, and vice-versa.
 signed by President Gloria Macapagal-
Arroyo on September 15, 2004 under
Executive Order 358- provides the
mandate and legal framework for
wider-scale and accelerated
implementation of Ladderized
Education nationwide

34. LADDERIZED PROGRAM
 Ladderized education provides the tech-voc graduate
with gateways or entry points to a college degree
program without having to start all over again as the
system allows transfer of credits earned from tech- voc to
a degree program.

35. CHARACTERISTICS
 Credit transfer from tech-voc to college and articulation (the
smooth transition from one course or educational level to the next
without experiencing duplication of learning)
• This refers to the recognition and carrying forward of units
earned from tech-voc to college. Thus, the tech-voc graduate
readily articulates to a college degree program with ease.
 Credit units given from college to tech-voc)
• This refers to tech-voc contents that are already included in a college
degree program.
• Such contents are mapped out and identified to allow a student of a
Ladderized college degree program to earn tech-voc credits and
qualifications without having to repeat the same tech-voc subjects

36. LADDERIZED PROGRAM
 Implemented in eight disciplines
 Agriculture
 Education
 Engineering
 Information and Communication Technology
 Health
 Maritime
 Tourism/HRM
 Criminology

37.  ADVANTAGES
 Ladderized Education opens opportunities for career and educational
advancement to students and workers.
 It allows credit transfer on subjects taken in the tech- voc
levels towards a bachelor’s degree.
 students can receive certificates after finishing every year
level
 DISADVANTAGE
 the program incurred added expenses ( both students and
universities)

38. CHED MEMORANDA
 CMO no. 38 s. 2006
To institutionalize a Ladderized interface between technical-
vocational education and training (TVET) and higher education
(HE)
 CMO no. 43 s. 2008
Enabling higher education institutions to Ladderized their
education program without the need of issuance of permit from
CHED and TESDA

39. BENCHMARKING
 Benchmarking is the process of improving performance
by continuously identifying, understanding, and adapting
outstanding practices found inside and outside the
organization.
 A systematic process for measuring and comparing the
work processes of one organization to those of another.

40. BENCHMARKING
Benchmarking was understood to be the act of imitating, but it refers
to innovation and learning from the others more than imitation.
 Benchmarking is a process for self- evaluation and self-improvement
through the organized and mutual comparison of practice and
performance with competitors in order to identify own strength and
weaknesses, and learn how to improve and adapt with changes.
 In higher education institutions, benchmarking is used to compare
the performance of universities with their international competitors
and learn from them.

41. TYPES OF BENCHMARKING (HIGHER EDUCATION)
 Internal - Making comparisons between units within the
institution
 Generic - Making comparisons between institutions that
share similar organizational practices and procedures
 Competitive - Making comparisons between
institutions that are direct competitors

42. WHY BENCHMARK?
 Assessment is one reason to use benchmarking.
 This assessment is not limited to assisting with placement.
• educators can use benchmarking to improve performance among
specific students
 Benchmarking may help other schools and districts understand and
replicate the practices used in that high-performing schools.
• schools can use benchmarking to set standards for best practices in
learning and achievement.
 Stated more simply, benchmarking can raise standards in education by
creating a model for excellence and achievement.
Due to its reliance on hard data and research methodology, benchmarking
is especially suited for institutions of higher education in which these
types of studies are very familiar to faculty and administrators.

43. ADVANTAGES
 It provides a process of self assessment
 The assessment process is based on factual evidence
 It provides a framework through which the organizations issues
could be surfaced, investigated and improved continually.
 It offers benchmarking opportunities with others within and
outside the sector, providing a common language to share good
practice and develop both individual and organizational learning.

44. DISADVANTAGES
 The most resistant criticism of Benchmarking comes from the idea
of copying others.
 It is not a strategy nor is it intended to be a business philosophy.
Therefore, it is a time taking technique.
Benchmarking will not improve performance if proper infrastructure
of total quality management is not in place.
 Insufficient information

45. INSTRUCTIONAL CONSULTANTSHIP
Instructional consultation is a stage-based problem-solving process
that focuses on school-based academic and behavioral concerns.
 It can be thought of as a “response to instruction” form of problem
solving.
 The assumption in this model is that the quality and nature of the
interaction is an instructional mismatch between a vulnerable
learner, inadequate instruction, and a jumbled conception of the
task.

46.  all consultation involves the teachers, students and the
school and takes into account the organizational system in
which the problem is discussed

47. FUNCTIONS
 prevention of problems before they occur
Intervention in current problems
Corrections of problems after they occur

48. FORMS OF CONSULTATION
 student- centered
 teacher- centered
 collaborative
 system- centered

49.  ADVANTAGES
 Student- centered- focuses directly to the problem
 increase the teacher's/ school’s ability to solve problems
in the future
 collaborative
 views each individual as a part of a larger system
 DISADVANTAGES
 require several reframes of the problem
 requires patients in the part of the teacher/ school
 may not be as productive or efficient if all participants do
not have similar and wide variety of expertise

50. REFERENCES
• https://blog.edukasyon.ph/college-life/schools-offering-online-courses-in-the-
philippines/
• https://prezi.com/v44bcbkec_m4/the-ladderized-curriculum-for-bachelor-of-
technical-teacher/
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272171655_The_Strategic_Importance_
of_Benchmarking_as_a_Tool_for_Achieving_Excellence_in_Higher_
• https://www.slideserve.com/hal/benchmarking-what-is-it-and-what-are-its-
limitations