Part of the Addiction Counselor Training Curriculum at AllCEUs Examines different approaches to treatment--medical, psychological, spiritual Listen to the presentation for FREE on the Counselor Toolbox podcast or watch the video on our youtube channel https://youtube.com/allceuseducation. Sign up for Counseling CEU webinars at https://www.allceus.com/live-interactive-webinars/

1. Models of Treatment
Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes, PhD
Executive Director: AllCEUs.com, Counselor Education and Training
Podcast Host: Counselor Toolbox & Happiness Isn’t Brain Surgery
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 1

2. Objectives
 Define the principles of effective
treatment
 Explore current trends and practices
 Identify common approaches to treatment
 Identify the main components of each
approach
 Compare and contrast each approach
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 2

3. Principles of Effective Treatment
 Addiction and mental health issues are complex
but treatable conditions that affect:
 Brain
 Body
 Behavior
 No single treatment is appropriate for everyone
 Treatment needs to be available to be effective
 Effective treatment attends to multiple needs of
the individual
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 3

4. Current Trends and Practices
 Focus on client competencies and strengths
 Individualized, client-centered treatment
 Shift away from labeling
 Acceptance of new treatment goals (other than
just abstinence)
 Adoption of a recovery paradigm and away
from the problem-focused, acute care model
 Achieve a rich and meaningful life vs. eliminate
depression
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 4

5. Current Trends and Practices
 Integration of addiction treatment in multiple
disciplines esp. primary care, mental health and
addiction
 Use of evidence based practices
 Use of medications
 Telehealth technologies
 Support groups (in the rooms, daily virtual support groups)
 Chat support
 Forums
 Online video psychoeducation
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 5

6. Question
 How can we make treatment more
available?
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7. Principles of Effective Treatment
 Duration in treatment for at least 3
months is critical
 Treatment plans must be assessed
continually and modified to ensure that it
meets the person’s changing needs
 Treatment does not need to be voluntary
to be effective
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 7

8. Models of Treatment
 Medical model
 Chronic progressive disease
 Often hospital or doctor office based
 Uses a biopsychosocial approach with emphasis
placed on:
Physical causes
Pharmacotherapy
Detoxification
Symptom reduction
Aversion
Medical maintenance
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5
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9. Models of Treatment
 Spiritual Model
 Mood issues and addiction may be caused by
spiritual emptiness which leads to character defects
such as pride, resentment, anger
 Less weight to causation and more emphasis on a
spiritual path to recovery, development of values
and a sense of meaning and purpose.
 12-Step Models (Mutual Help)
Emphasize that one cannot help oneself, and recovery
requires surrender of one’s will to a higher power.
NA, AA, EA
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 9

10. Question
 How can you use a spiritual model with
clients who do not believe in a higher
power?
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 10

11. AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 11

12. Models of Treatment
 Psychological (self-medication) Model
 Addiction and mental health issues result from
deficits in learning, thinking or emotion
regulation
 Treatments
Behavioral self-control
Individual and group counseling (Multiple EBPs)
Pharmacotherapy for mental health issues
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 12

13. Psychological: Behavioral Self Control
 Goals
 Strengthen internal mechanisms (self-awareness)
 Establish external controls
Coping skills
Goal setting
Behavioral contracting (What would you contract for?)
Trigger management (What are MH triggers)
Functional Analysis (of behaviors NOT diagnosis)
Relapse prevention (What are relapse prevention
strategies for MH? Addiction?)
Walters GD. Behavioral
self-control training for
problem drinkers: A meta-
analysis of randomized
control studies. Behav
Ther 2000; 31:135-149.
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 13

14. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Dialectical Behavior Therapy
 Why
Clients unintentionally rewarded ineffective treatment
while punishing their therapists for effective therapy.
The sheer volume and severity of problems presented by
clients made it impossible to use the standard CBT format.
Clients found the focus on change inherent to CBT
invalidating. (How might this be true in addiction?)
Clients felt their suffering was being underestimated,
and therapists were overestimating their helpfulness
“You are doing it, or feeling incorrectly.”
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5
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15. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Dialectical Behavior Therapy
 Over Riding Themes
Mindfulness (wise mind)
Distress tolerance
Emotion regulation
Interpersonal effectiveness & problem solving
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 15

16. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Matrix Model for Stimulant Use
 A 45 session treatment program
 Goals:
Learn about issues critical to addiction and relapse
Receive direction and support from a trained
therapist
Become familiar with self-help programs.
 The therapist functions simultaneously as teacher
and coach, fostering a positive, encouraging
relationship
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 16

17. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Motivational Enhancement Therapy
 Helps resolve ambivalence about treatment &
abstinence
 This therapy consists of:
Initial assessment battery
Followed by 2-4 individual sessions with a
therapist
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 17

18. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Motivational Enhancement Therapy
 This therapy consists of (cont…):
First treatment session (FRAMES)
 Feedback about the initial assessment
 Responsibility
 Elicits self-motivational statements
 Strengthens motivation and builds a plan for
change
 Advice: Coping strategies for high-risk situations are
suggested
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 18

19. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Motivational Enhancement Therapy
 This therapy consists of (cont…):
First treatment session
Menu of Options
Empathy
Self-Efficacy
Subsequent sessions: therapist monitors change,
reviews change strategies being used, encourages
change
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 19

20. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Family Behavior Therapy (FBT)
 Demonstrated positive results in both adults and
adolescents
 Addresses not only substance use and mental health
problems but other co-occurring issues (i.e. conduct
disorders, child mistreatment, family conflict, and
unemployment)
 FBT involves the patient along with at least one
significant other such as a cohabiting partner or a
parent
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 20

21. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Family Behavior Therapy (FBT)
 FBT combines behavioral contracting with
contingency management.
 Therapists seek to engage families in applying the
behavioral strategies taught in sessions and in
acquiring new skills to improve the home
environment.
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 21

22. Psychotherapeutic
 Seeking Safety
 Present-focused therapy for trauma/PTSD and
addiction
 Available as a book, with guidance for clients and
clinicians
 Can be done in individual or group
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 22

23. Psychological: Psychotherapeutic
 Introduction/Case
Management
 Safety, PTSD: Taking
Back Your Power
 When Substances
Control You
 Honesty, Asking for Help
 Setting Boundaries in
Relationships
 Getting Others to
Support Your Recovery
 Healthy Relationships
 Community Resources
 Compassion
 Creating Meaning
 Discovery
 Integrating the Split Self
 Recovery Thinking
 Taking Good Care of
Yourself
 Commitment
 Respecting Your Time
 Coping with Triggers
 Self-Nurturing
 Red and Green Flags
 Detaching from
Emotional Pain
(Grounding)
 Life Choices
Seeking Safety consists of 25 topics that can be
conducted in any order:
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 23

24. Models of Treatment
 Sociocultural model
 Emphasis is placed on the socialization process,
culture, observational learning and reinforcement
of behaviors
 Recovery involves:
Building new social and family relationships
Developing social competency/interpersonal
effectiveness
Working within one’s cultural infrastructure
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 24

25. Models of Treatment
 Relapse Prevention
 Adopt strategies designed to help clients
Become aware of cues or “triggers” that make them
more likely to abuse substances or become
symptomatic
Develop alternative coping responses to those cues
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26. Medication Assisted
 Addiction
 Methadone
 Suboxone
 Vivitrol
 Antabuse
 SSRIs
 Mental Health
 SSRIs
 Atypical antipsychotics
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27. Harm Reduction
 Acceptance that drug use and mental health
issues are a reality
 Preventing the harm caused by them
 4 Ls: Liver, Lover, Livelihood, Law
 Interventions
 Low-threshold pharmacological interventions
 Needle exchange programs
 Emphasis on non-injection routes
 Involvement of those with a history of use or
distress in program development
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28. Multidisciplinary (Biopsychosocial-
Spiritual)
 Psychotherapeutic interventions fro co-
occurring issues
 Medication assisted therapy for both addictive
and mental health issues
 Wrap around services to ensure people have
access to necessary resources to achieve their
goals
 Family therapy to improve the interpersonal
environment of the person
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 28

29. Summary
 There are many approaches to dealing with
mental health and addiction issues
 Since co-occurring disorders are the
expectation, it makes sense to be aware of
strategies to address both/all issues
 Current trends and practices are steering
clinicians to use a more individualized,
strengths-based, biopsychosocial-spiritual
approach
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs $59 | Addiction Counselor Certification Training $149 | Live Webinars $5 29

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