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ModalsofAdviceEO.pptx
The document provides an overview of modals used to give advice in English. It defines advice and lists common modals used, including should, ought to, had better, could. It explains that should and ought to are used to make suggestions, had better is stronger, and could is weaker. Examples are given of how each modal is used to express certainty, permission, or warnings. Negative forms and further practice examples are also included to illustrate the use of modals in giving advice.
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ModalsofAdviceEO.pptx
- 1. https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-1204029/shared under CC0 1 Modalsof Advice CLBlevel5+ https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-1204029/shared under CC0
- 2. 2 Welcome to theEnglish Online community! Our Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Acknowledgment This community welcomes, appreciates, and respects everyone – it doesn’t matter what country you’re from or who you are! We are here today to become better at English, so let’s focus on learning! Please remember that English Online has ZERO tolerance for discrimination of any kind, including: (political, religious, nationality, or gender-based). If anyone feels uncomfortable attending the class, they are free to leave and email us at info@myenglishonline.ca
- 3. Food for thought: 3 “Foodfor thought” is an English idiom which means: “something to consider or think about.”
- 4. Modals – Aquick review What are modals…? Modals, or modal verbs, are auxilliary or “helping” verbs. The most common English modal verbs include: must, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, and might. 4
- 5. Modals – Aquick review “We use modals to show if we believe something is certain, possible or impossible: My keys must be in the car. It might rain tomorrow. That can't be Peter's coat. It's too small.” 5
- 6. Modals – Aquick review “We also use them to do things like talk about ability, ask permission, and make requests and offers: I can't swim. May I ask a question? Could I have some tea, please?” 6
- 7. Modals – Aquick review “We use should, and shouldn’t to make suggestions and give advice: You should send an email. You shouldn’t go by train.” 7
- 8. Modals – Aquick review Let’s take a look at how modal verbs are used. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/parts-of-speech-the- verb/verb-aspect-and-modal-verbs/v/modal-verbs-the-parts-of-speech- grammar 8
- 9. Modals of advice 9 advice(noun): suggestions about what you think someone should do or how you think they should do it. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/learner-english/advice
- 10. Modals of advice “Englishspeakers use the modal verbs: • should • ought to • had better to express that they think something is a good (or a bad) idea. “Should” is the most common way to give advice.” 10
- 11. Modals of advice Wealso use “could” to make softer suggestions: We could meet on Saturday You could eat out tonight. 11
- 12. Modals of advice “Should”and “ought to” are used to make suggestions, but: “had better” is stronger, and “could” is weaker than “should” and “ought to” could should/ought to had better ** “ought to” is less commonly used than “should.” 12
- 13. Modals of advice “Should”and “ought to” mean: • This is my advice. • This is a good idea. • This is an important responsibility. You should study harder. You ought to study harder. Drivers should obey the speed limit. 13
- 14. Modals of advice Noteson “ought to:” It is much less common that “should.” Native English speakers often pronounce “ought to” as “otta.” I ought to (“otta”) study tonight, but I think I’ll watch a movie instead. 14
- 15. Modals of advice Weuse “had better” when there is a possibility of something bad happening: You had better get gas at the next station. Your tank is almost empty. You had better see the dentist about that toothache. 15
- 16. Modals of advice Noteson “had better:” 1. It has a present or future meaning. 2. It is followed by the simple form of the verb. 3. It is more common in speaking than writing. You had better see the dentist about that toothache. 4. In spoken English, it sounds like this: You’d better see the dentist about that toothache. 16
- 17. Modals of advice “Could”is also used to make “softer” suggestions: You could talk to your teacher about the problems you are having in English class. You could stop for groceries after work. **Adding “maybe” softens the strength of advice: Maybe you could talk to your teacher. Maybe you should talk to your teacher. 17
- 18. https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-shop-1204038/ shared underCC0 Let’spractice! https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-shop-1204038/ shared under CC0
- 19. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 1. I think it is going to rain today. Maybe you __________________ an umbrella. a. should to take b. ought take c. should take 19
- 20. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 1. I think it is going to rain today. Maybe you should take an umbrella. a. should to take b. ought take c. should take 20
- 21. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 2. Her throat is sore and she has a fever. She _______________ to the walk-in clinic. a. should to go b. had better go c. ought go 21
- 22. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 2. Her throat is sore and she has a fever. She had better go to the walk-in clinic. a. should to go b. had better go c. ought go 22
- 23. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 3. Your gas tank is nearly empty. You _______________ at the nearest gas station. a. should stop b. had better to stop c. ought stop 23
- 24. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 3. Your gas tank is nearly empty. You should stop at the nearest gas station. a. should stop b. had better to stop c. ought stop 24
- 25. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 5. It’s very cold outside today. You ________________your coat. a. should to wear b. had better wear c. ought wear 25
- 26. Modals of advice Choosethe answer to complete the sentences: 5. It’s very cold outside today. You had better wear your coat. a. should to wear b. had better wear c. ought wear 26
- 27. Modals of advice– Negative Forms Should Should not/shouldn’t Could Could not/couldn’t Had better Had better not ** Ought to is rarely used in the negative. 27
- 28. Modals of advice– Negative Forms Should Should not/shouldn’t You should be quiet in the library. You shouldn’t talk so loudly. 28
- 29. Modals of advice– Negative Forms could could not/couldn’t A. I have not had time to pick up milk. B. You could get groceries on the way home. A. I am trying to stop spending so much money. B. You could not stop for coffee every day. 29
- 30. Modals of advice– Negative Forms had better had better not You had better let the dog outside. You had better not leave the gate open. 30
- 31. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 1. I need to get some money. Advice? __________________________________ 31
- 32. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 1. I need to get some money. Advice? You had better get a job. You could go to the bank. 32
- 33. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 2. I am hungry and I don’t feel like cooking. Advice? __________________________________ 33
- 34. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 2. I am hungry and I don’t feel like cooking. Advice? You could order take-out. You could go to the deli. 34
- 35. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 3. I have a headache. Advice? ___________________________________ 35
- 36. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 3. I have a headache. Advice? You could take some Advil. You could rest. 36
- 37. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 4. I miss my family. Advice? __________________________________ 37
- 38. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 4. I miss my family. Advice? You should call/Skype them. 38
- 39. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 5. I don’t want to be late for work. Advice? _____________________________________ 39
- 40. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 5. I don’t want to be late for work. Advice? You should set your alarm. You ought to get up early. 40
- 41. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. Advice? ___________________________________ 41
- 42. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. Advice? You had better dress warmly. You should wear a coat. 42
- 43. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. (use shouldn’t) Advice? ___________________________________ 43
- 44. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. (use shouldn’t) Advice? You shouldn’t go out without a coat. 44
- 45. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 7. I want to get better at English. Advice? __________________________________ 45
- 46. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 7. I want to get better at English. Advice? You should practice often. You ought to take English classes. 46
- 47. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 8. I think I have Covid. Advice? ____________________________________ 47
- 48. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 8. I think I have Covid. Advice? You should take a test. You had better stay home. 48
- 49. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 9. I don’t want to miss the bus. Advice? ______________________________ 49
- 50. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 9. I don’t want to miss the bus. Advice? You should leave early. You had better not sleep in. 50
- 51. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 10. I need groceries. Advice? ______________________________ 51
- 52. Modals of advice– More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 10. I need groceries. Advice? You could go to the store. 52
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- 55. Homework: 55 Your good friendwants to move to Canada. Offer your friend some advice about living in (or moving to) Canada. Use some modals: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not Submit your homework to Lori on Skype: live:loramoren.
- 56. HOMEWORK: The details 1.Submit your homework to Lori on Skype: live:loramoren 2. After class, you have until the 11:59 pm the same day to complete the assignment. 3. I will correct the homework and offer feedback.
- 57. Sources: 57 https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/english-grammar-reference/modal-verbs https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/parts-of-speech-the-verb/verb-aspect-and- modal-verbs/v/modal-verbs-the-parts-of-speech-grammar https://continuingstudies.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice/ https://continuingstudies.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1/ Azar, Betty, andHagen, S.A. (Understanding and Using English Grammar, Pearson Education, 2017.
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