This document provides information on how to form and use the imperative form in English to give instructions, suggestions, and advice. The imperative form is the base form of the verb. Some key points:
- The imperative form is used to give direct orders or instructions. It can also be used to soften commands by adding words like "please" or "let's".
- To make the imperative negative, add "don't" or "don't" before the base verb form.
- The imperative is commonly used in instructions, like recipes or manuals, to tell someone the steps to complete a task. Sequence words like "first", "then", and "finally" are often used.
-
This document provides information and examples about giving advice and suggestions to others. It discusses the difference between the noun "advice" and the verb "advise," and provides examples of their correct usage. The document also gives clues and structures for making suggestions or recommendations using modal verbs like "should," "could," and "might." Finally, it provides phrases for giving advice diplomatically, and examples of using those phrases in workplace situations.
Learn different modal verbs and its ideal usage to improve your English. Learn how to use can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must and ought to
The document discusses the use of gerunds and infinitives in English. It provides examples of how gerunds and infinitives can be used as subjects, after prepositions or certain verbs. It also discusses verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or infinitive with or without a change in meaning. The passive voice with gerunds and infinitives is explained. Finally, the use of perfect and continuous gerunds and infinitives is covered.
This document provides explanations and examples of how to use different modal verbs and modal-like expressions in English. It discusses modals like can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, had better, have to, supposed to, be to and their uses to express different levels of necessity, obligation, advice and suggestions regarding present, past and future actions. It also notes some differences between American and British English usage of these terms. The document aims to clarify the meanings and proper uses of these commonly confused modal verbs and expressions.
This document discusses modal verbs, including their meaning, form, and use. It defines modal verbs as special verbs that behave differently than normal verbs. Some key differences are that modal verbs don't take -s in the third person and use "not" for negation. The document also categorizes common modal verbs like can, may, must, should, etc. It provides examples of how modal verbs are used for probability, ability, obligation, advice, and permission. An activity asks the reader to identify the modal verb in sample sentences.
This document provides information on how to form and use the imperative form in English to give instructions, suggestions, and advice. The imperative form is the base form of the verb. Some key points:
- The imperative form is used to give direct orders or instructions. It can also be used to soften commands by adding words like "please" or "let's".
- To make the imperative negative, add "don't" or "don't" before the base verb form.
- The imperative is commonly used in instructions, like recipes or manuals, to tell someone the steps to complete a task. Sequence words like "first", "then", and "finally" are often used.
-
This document provides information and examples about giving advice and suggestions to others. It discusses the difference between the noun "advice" and the verb "advise," and provides examples of their correct usage. The document also gives clues and structures for making suggestions or recommendations using modal verbs like "should," "could," and "might." Finally, it provides phrases for giving advice diplomatically, and examples of using those phrases in workplace situations.
Learn different modal verbs and its ideal usage to improve your English. Learn how to use can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must and ought to
The document discusses the use of gerunds and infinitives in English. It provides examples of how gerunds and infinitives can be used as subjects, after prepositions or certain verbs. It also discusses verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or infinitive with or without a change in meaning. The passive voice with gerunds and infinitives is explained. Finally, the use of perfect and continuous gerunds and infinitives is covered.
This document provides explanations and examples of how to use different modal verbs and modal-like expressions in English. It discusses modals like can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, had better, have to, supposed to, be to and their uses to express different levels of necessity, obligation, advice and suggestions regarding present, past and future actions. It also notes some differences between American and British English usage of these terms. The document aims to clarify the meanings and proper uses of these commonly confused modal verbs and expressions.
This document discusses modal verbs, including their meaning, form, and use. It defines modal verbs as special verbs that behave differently than normal verbs. Some key differences are that modal verbs don't take -s in the third person and use "not" for negation. The document also categorizes common modal verbs like can, may, must, should, etc. It provides examples of how modal verbs are used for probability, ability, obligation, advice, and permission. An activity asks the reader to identify the modal verb in sample sentences.
The document provides phrases for conversations in both formal work settings and informal social settings.
In the work section, it outlines phrases for agreeing and disagreeing politely in meetings, as well as asking for opinions, clarifying understanding, and getting more details.
The informal section gives examples for running into friends, ending conversations, and apologizing if misunderstood. It also includes phrases for when one is unsure of their opinion or needs to leave a conversation.
The document aims to expand the reader's vocabulary for natural-sounding conversations in different contexts through providing sets of example phrases.
This document provides advice on using "should" and "shouldn't" to give recommendations. It explains that "should" and "shouldn't" are modal verbs used to express what is a good or bad idea. Some examples of using "should" and "shouldn't" in positives and negatives are given. It also discusses using "should" in questions and notes that it often follows phrases like "I think" when giving advice. Finally, some exercises are provided to practice using "should" and "shouldn't".
The document provides tips for presenting yourself in a seminar or short presentation. It discusses establishing eye contact with friendly faces in the audience to help with nerves. It recommends standing up when speaking and stating the purpose clearly such as talking about, reporting on, or outlining a topic. The document also discusses dealing with questions by thanking people and addressing both relevant and irrelevant questions.
The document provides instruction and discussion about modal verbs. It defines modal verbs as helping verbs used to convey meanings like ability, permission, and necessity. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, must, and should. It gives examples of how modal verbs are used and provides a discussion about identifying modal verb functions in sentences. The document asks readers to think about using modal verbs in their own conversations and provide examples. It also contains an activity where readers fill in blanks with the correct modal verb and identify its function.
This document defines and provides examples of modal verbs in English. Modal verbs are special verbs that indicate modality and behave irregularly through lack of changes in form for tense and lack of auxiliary verbs in questions and negatives. The main modal verbs are can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, have to, and ought to. Each modal verb has specific meanings and uses for expressing ideas like permission, certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, and ability. Examples are provided to illustrate the affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures for modal verbs as well as their various meanings and uses.
The document discusses different modal verbs used to give advice: should, ought to, and had better. Should is the most commonly used to indicate something is a good idea. Ought to is less common in negative and question forms. Had better implies a warning that something bad may happen if the advice is not followed. It is not usually used in questions. You had better can also be contracted to you'd better. Questions with modals of advice use the modal before the subject.
The document provides information on transforming sentences from affirmative to negative and interrogative. It discusses the three types of sentences - affirmative, negative, and interrogative. For negative sentences, it outlines adding "not" between the helping verb and main verb for sentences with helping verbs, and using "do/does/did + not" before the main verb for sentences without helping verbs. For interrogative sentences, it describes starting sentences with a helping verb or wh-word and placing wh-words before sentences with helping verbs. Formulas and examples are given for changing sentence structures.
The document discusses the differences between gerunds, infinitives, and to-infinitives in English grammar. It provides examples of when to use each form and notes that while gerunds and infinitives may sound the same, their meanings can differ. The key uses of gerunds are as subjects or objects and after prepositions or certain verbs. Infinitives are used after modal verbs without "to" or with verbs like "let" and "make." Certain verbs like "try" can take either form but with different meanings. Understanding these rules is important to avoid confusion and use verbs correctly in sentences.
Modal verbs are special verbs that provide additional information about the function of the main verb that follows. They do not change form and are always followed by an infinitive without "to." Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, need to, dare, ought to, had better. Modal verbs are used to express functions like permission, ability, obligation, prohibition, lack of necessity, advice, possibility, and probability. They give speakers a way to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, and ability.
necessity : should, have to, has to, mustIntan945611
This document provides definitions and examples of expressions used to indicate necessity and expectation in English. It discusses modal verbs like must, have to, should, and ought to along with expressions like need to, supposed to, and it is necessary that. For each expression, it gives the definition, examples of use in affirmative and negative sentences, and notes about differences in meaning and formality. The purpose is to help learners understand and correctly use these common expressions to indicate necessity or expectation in English.
Modal verbs are helping verbs that provide additional information about the main verb that follows. They indicate things like ability, permission, possibility, obligation, future tense, and more. Some key points about modal verbs:
1. They don't use 's' for third person singular like normal verbs.
2. They make questions through subject-verb inversion like "can she go?"
3. They are followed directly by the infinitive form of the main verb without using "to."
Modal verbs have different meanings - may, can, should are used to talk about permission, advice, and possibility. Must and have to express obligation. Modal verbs also indicate levels of certainty from certain to possible.
The document discusses the use of the modal verbs "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice or express opinions about what is right or wrong. It provides examples of using "should" and "shouldn't" in positives and negatives, as well as questions. "Should" expresses the speaker's opinion, often following "I think" or "I don't think." Examples are given of using "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice. The document also notes that "I should" and "shouldn't" can be used when referring to past regrets. An exercise at the end prompts the reader to identify whether "should" or "shouldn't"
English Grammar Reference Book_Jacqueline Melvin.pdfssuser932b2b
This chapter discusses parts of speech and sentence structure in English. It explains the use of subjects, verbs, pronouns, and possessive pronouns to form complete sentences. Specifically, it covers the importance of including a subject before the verb in affirmative sentences. It also addresses common errors such as using two subjects instead of one or omitting the subject. The chapter provides examples to illustrate proper sentence construction in English.
This document discusses different types of substitution and ellipsis that can be used in English grammar. It explains how pronouns like one, demonstratives, and quantifiers can substitute for nouns. It also discusses substituting verbs with forms of "do" and using "so", "it", or "that" to replace verb phrases. The document provides examples of substituting clauses with verbs like "expect", "think", and omitting words like nouns, verbs, and infinitives to avoid repetition.
This document discusses the use of "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice or express opinions about what is right or wrong. It states that "you should" means it is a good idea to do something, while "you shouldn't" means it is a bad idea. Some example sentences are given to illustrate using should/shouldn't in positive and negative statements, as well as questions. The document also briefly mentions using "if clauses."
The document discusses various English grammar concepts including verbs, quantifiers, and verb tenses. It provides examples and explanations of present perfect, future tense, passive voice, and modal verbs such as must, might, can, and must not. It also covers quantifiers like how much, how many, some, any, and expressions with yet and already.
The document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs:
1) Regular and irregular verbs, with regular verbs forming the past tense by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs having unpredictable past forms.
2) Transitive and intransitive verbs, with transitive verbs taking an object and intransitive verbs not.
3) Action, linking, and helping verbs - with action verbs showing actions, linking verbs connecting subjects to nouns or adjectives, and helping verbs assisting the main verb.
4) Verb phrases are formed when a helping verb is joined with an action or linking verb.
This document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech uses quotation marks to report the exact words spoken, while indirect speech does not use quotation marks and does not have to be word for word. It provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech by replacing the quotation marks with an infinitive verb and changing the reporting verb if needed. Finally, it gives examples of changing some direct speech sentences to indirect speech.
The document provides phrases for conversations in both formal work settings and informal social settings.
In the work section, it outlines phrases for agreeing and disagreeing politely in meetings, as well as asking for opinions, clarifying understanding, and getting more details.
The informal section gives examples for running into friends, ending conversations, and apologizing if misunderstood. It also includes phrases for when one is unsure of their opinion or needs to leave a conversation.
The document aims to expand the reader's vocabulary for natural-sounding conversations in different contexts through providing sets of example phrases.
This document provides advice on using "should" and "shouldn't" to give recommendations. It explains that "should" and "shouldn't" are modal verbs used to express what is a good or bad idea. Some examples of using "should" and "shouldn't" in positives and negatives are given. It also discusses using "should" in questions and notes that it often follows phrases like "I think" when giving advice. Finally, some exercises are provided to practice using "should" and "shouldn't".
The document provides tips for presenting yourself in a seminar or short presentation. It discusses establishing eye contact with friendly faces in the audience to help with nerves. It recommends standing up when speaking and stating the purpose clearly such as talking about, reporting on, or outlining a topic. The document also discusses dealing with questions by thanking people and addressing both relevant and irrelevant questions.
The document provides instruction and discussion about modal verbs. It defines modal verbs as helping verbs used to convey meanings like ability, permission, and necessity. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, must, and should. It gives examples of how modal verbs are used and provides a discussion about identifying modal verb functions in sentences. The document asks readers to think about using modal verbs in their own conversations and provide examples. It also contains an activity where readers fill in blanks with the correct modal verb and identify its function.
This document defines and provides examples of modal verbs in English. Modal verbs are special verbs that indicate modality and behave irregularly through lack of changes in form for tense and lack of auxiliary verbs in questions and negatives. The main modal verbs are can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, have to, and ought to. Each modal verb has specific meanings and uses for expressing ideas like permission, certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, and ability. Examples are provided to illustrate the affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentence structures for modal verbs as well as their various meanings and uses.
The document discusses different modal verbs used to give advice: should, ought to, and had better. Should is the most commonly used to indicate something is a good idea. Ought to is less common in negative and question forms. Had better implies a warning that something bad may happen if the advice is not followed. It is not usually used in questions. You had better can also be contracted to you'd better. Questions with modals of advice use the modal before the subject.
The document provides information on transforming sentences from affirmative to negative and interrogative. It discusses the three types of sentences - affirmative, negative, and interrogative. For negative sentences, it outlines adding "not" between the helping verb and main verb for sentences with helping verbs, and using "do/does/did + not" before the main verb for sentences without helping verbs. For interrogative sentences, it describes starting sentences with a helping verb or wh-word and placing wh-words before sentences with helping verbs. Formulas and examples are given for changing sentence structures.
The document discusses the differences between gerunds, infinitives, and to-infinitives in English grammar. It provides examples of when to use each form and notes that while gerunds and infinitives may sound the same, their meanings can differ. The key uses of gerunds are as subjects or objects and after prepositions or certain verbs. Infinitives are used after modal verbs without "to" or with verbs like "let" and "make." Certain verbs like "try" can take either form but with different meanings. Understanding these rules is important to avoid confusion and use verbs correctly in sentences.
Modal verbs are special verbs that provide additional information about the function of the main verb that follows. They do not change form and are always followed by an infinitive without "to." Common modal verbs include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, need to, dare, ought to, had better. Modal verbs are used to express functions like permission, ability, obligation, prohibition, lack of necessity, advice, possibility, and probability. They give speakers a way to express certainty, possibility, willingness, obligation, necessity, and ability.
necessity : should, have to, has to, mustIntan945611
This document provides definitions and examples of expressions used to indicate necessity and expectation in English. It discusses modal verbs like must, have to, should, and ought to along with expressions like need to, supposed to, and it is necessary that. For each expression, it gives the definition, examples of use in affirmative and negative sentences, and notes about differences in meaning and formality. The purpose is to help learners understand and correctly use these common expressions to indicate necessity or expectation in English.
Modal verbs are helping verbs that provide additional information about the main verb that follows. They indicate things like ability, permission, possibility, obligation, future tense, and more. Some key points about modal verbs:
1. They don't use 's' for third person singular like normal verbs.
2. They make questions through subject-verb inversion like "can she go?"
3. They are followed directly by the infinitive form of the main verb without using "to."
Modal verbs have different meanings - may, can, should are used to talk about permission, advice, and possibility. Must and have to express obligation. Modal verbs also indicate levels of certainty from certain to possible.
The document discusses the use of the modal verbs "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice or express opinions about what is right or wrong. It provides examples of using "should" and "shouldn't" in positives and negatives, as well as questions. "Should" expresses the speaker's opinion, often following "I think" or "I don't think." Examples are given of using "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice. The document also notes that "I should" and "shouldn't" can be used when referring to past regrets. An exercise at the end prompts the reader to identify whether "should" or "shouldn't"
English Grammar Reference Book_Jacqueline Melvin.pdfssuser932b2b
This chapter discusses parts of speech and sentence structure in English. It explains the use of subjects, verbs, pronouns, and possessive pronouns to form complete sentences. Specifically, it covers the importance of including a subject before the verb in affirmative sentences. It also addresses common errors such as using two subjects instead of one or omitting the subject. The chapter provides examples to illustrate proper sentence construction in English.
This document discusses different types of substitution and ellipsis that can be used in English grammar. It explains how pronouns like one, demonstratives, and quantifiers can substitute for nouns. It also discusses substituting verbs with forms of "do" and using "so", "it", or "that" to replace verb phrases. The document provides examples of substituting clauses with verbs like "expect", "think", and omitting words like nouns, verbs, and infinitives to avoid repetition.
This document discusses the use of "should" and "shouldn't" to give advice or express opinions about what is right or wrong. It states that "you should" means it is a good idea to do something, while "you shouldn't" means it is a bad idea. Some example sentences are given to illustrate using should/shouldn't in positive and negative statements, as well as questions. The document also briefly mentions using "if clauses."
The document discusses various English grammar concepts including verbs, quantifiers, and verb tenses. It provides examples and explanations of present perfect, future tense, passive voice, and modal verbs such as must, might, can, and must not. It also covers quantifiers like how much, how many, some, any, and expressions with yet and already.
The document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs:
1) Regular and irregular verbs, with regular verbs forming the past tense by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs having unpredictable past forms.
2) Transitive and intransitive verbs, with transitive verbs taking an object and intransitive verbs not.
3) Action, linking, and helping verbs - with action verbs showing actions, linking verbs connecting subjects to nouns or adjectives, and helping verbs assisting the main verb.
4) Verb phrases are formed when a helping verb is joined with an action or linking verb.
This document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech uses quotation marks to report the exact words spoken, while indirect speech does not use quotation marks and does not have to be word for word. It provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech by replacing the quotation marks with an infinitive verb and changing the reporting verb if needed. Finally, it gives examples of changing some direct speech sentences to indirect speech.
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1. What are model verbs?
What is their function in sentences?
Which model verbs are used to give advice?
2. They are Auxiliary verbs that provide additional
and specific meaning to the main sentence
Are words that comes before a main verb and
give it extra meaning such as: ability, advice,
necessity, possibility, etc.
Modals of advice are used for giving advice,
suggestions, and recommendations.
There are two modal verbs we often use for
giving advice: ‘should’ and ‘ought to’.
Both mean the same thing but work in slightly
different ways. Let’s look at some examples
3. Examples:
You should do more exercise.
You shouldn’t drink so much beer.
As you can see above, after ‘should’ we use an
infinitive without ‘to’.
• You ought to do more exercise.
You ought not to drink so much beer.
Unlike ‘should’, we always use ‘to’ in ‘ought to’ for
giving advice
Make it into a question
To make advice less direct, we can use a question to
make the person we are advising consider about the
advice we are giving them
4. • Why don’t you do some more exercise?
• How about doing some more exercise?
With the question ‘Why don’t you…?’ we use an
infinitive without ‘to’.
When we use ‘How about…?’ to make question,
we use a gerund after it
5. Put yourself in the person’s
position
If someone is asking for your advice, sometimes
it’s useful to imagine yourself being in that
person’s position.
This is a good way to explain your advice, too.
Example:
• If I were you, I would do more exercise.
To make this negative, put ‘not’ after ‘would’
6. Make a suggestion
A suggestion or recommendation is another
good way of giving advice that isn’t to direct.
You can use the words ‘suggest’
o‘recommend’ as in the example below.
• I would suggest doing more exercise.
• I would recommend doing more exercise.
7. Use ‘verb+ing’ after ‘suggest’ or ‘recommend’
to explain your advice to the listener.
To make these negative, put ‘not’ before your
‘verb+ing’.
Advise in a stronger way
Sometimes, you need to make your advice
stronger to let the listener know that it’s really
important.
We can use the expression ‘you had better…’ to
do this
8. You had better do more exercise before you
start getting fat.
• You had better not drink so much beer or
you will get fat.
• We use an infinitive after ‘better’ to explain
our advice and add ‘not’ after ‘better’ to
make the sentence negative.
9. Accept:
• Thanks, I’ll do it.
• It sounds good.
• That sounds like a good idea.
• Thanks. It’s a good suggestion.
• I think you’re right.
10. Refuse:
• No, I’d rather not.
• I don’t think so.
• I don’t feel like it.
• No, I don’t it’s a good idea.
• What a bad idea!
• Do you think so?
11. 1. How do we use mod
Subject-modals- verb
Example: Mary could play the piano
2. They do not need other auxiliary verbs
There is no “s” in singular
There is no “do / does” in the question
There is no “don’t / doesn’t” in negative
Modal verbs do not have infinitives or –ing forms
Modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to
She must study (strong obligation)
We should have gone the other way (recommendation)
He could play football in his youth (ability in the past)
12. Modal verbs do not have all the tenses
Modal verbs use other verbs to complete the
tenses
Can is completed with be able to
Must is completed with have to
Examples:
They can play the piano =They will be able to
play the piano in the future
13. Think about these situations and create a
sentence using modals.
1. We are going to Paris for a weekend. (Make
suggestions about things to do)
2. We start school in September. (Talk about
necessity)
3. Margaret is a very talented sportswoman. (Talk
about ability)
4. You have just won the lottery! (Talk about
possibility)
5. Peter has got a headache and a congested nose.
(Give him some advice)
6. You want to borrow your uncle’s car. (Ask for
permission politely )
14. le answers
1. We could visit the Louvre / We should go up the
Eiffel Tower
2. We have to buy a new notebook
3. She can speak 3 languages! / She is able to play
the piano and the violin
4. I might stop working / I may buy a new car / I
can travel to New York
5. You should see a doctor / You ought to drink hot
tea
6. Can I borrow your car, please? or May I borrow
your car, please?
