The document discusses modal verbs in English. It defines modal verbs as auxiliary verbs that provide additional meaning to the main verb, such as can, could, may, might, must, have to, should, and ought to. It then explains how modal verbs are used and formed, what tenses they have, and what meanings they express, such as permission, obligation, possibility, and ability. Examples are provided throughout and exercises ask the reader to select the correct modal verb for different situations.

1. Modal Verbs Carmen Ramírez

6. 3. Form Modal verbs do not have all the tenses Modal verbs use other verbs to complete the tenses Can is completed with be able to Must is completed with have to They can play the piano They will be able to play the piano in the future

7. 4. What do they express? You should / ought to do some sport SHOULD OUGHT TO You don’t have to come so early. You have to be over 18 to drive a car (law) HAVE TO You mustn’t smoke in here I must study hard (moral) It must be 2.30 (logical deduction) MUST It might rain tomorrow (- -) MIGHT May I see your passport? (+ formal) It may rain tomorrow (-) MAY I could swim when I was seven (past) COULD You can’t park here Can I borrow your pen? (- formal ) It can rain tomorrow (++) I can swim (present) CAN ADVICE NO OBLIGATION PROHIBITION OBLIGATION PERMISSION POSSIBILITY / PROBABILITY ABILITY

14. 7. Possible answers... 1. We could visit the Louvre / We should go up the Eiffel Tower 2. We have to buy a new notebook 3. She can speak 3 languages! / She is able to play the piano and the violin 4. I might stop working / I may buy a new car / I can travel to New York 5. You should see a doctor / You ought to drink hot tea 6. Can I borrow your car, please? or May I borrow your car, please?

15. Any questions?

16. Thank you! Carmen Ramírez