Mobile computing has evolved significantly over the past few decades. Martin Cooper invented the first mobile phone in 1973, allowing for portable telephone calls. Early mobile networks used analog technology with poor voice quality and security (1G). Digital 2G networks in the 1990s improved capacity and resilience. 2.5G networks added data capabilities via GPRS. 3G networks in the 2000s enabled higher speeds and new services like video calls and multimedia messaging. 4G/LTE networks since the 2010s provide high-speed mobile broadband and support advanced applications. Mobile devices have also advanced, starting as simple phones and evolving into powerful smartphones and tablets that can access the full Internet. This document traces the history and technological progression of mobile networks and devices

1. Mobile Computing
as of Today

2. Vasco Elvas
§ IT, Telecom
§ Entrepreneur
§ Father of (almost three)
§ Mobile & Innovation
§ @elvasvj

3. First … The Future

4. Let’s See the Future

5. The Future is Here

6. Probably the first mobile phone

7. The first real Mobile Phone
• 1983, Martin Cooper
invented the mobile
phone
• He envisioned a world
with people so wedded to
wireless connections that
they would walk around
with devices embedded
in their bodies.

8. Body centric communications

9. The first mobile phone
• In 1970 Amos Joel of Bell Labs invented
the "call handoff" feature, which allowed
a mobile-phone user to travel through
several cells during the same
conversation.
• The modern handheld cell phone era
began in 1973 when Motorola invented
the first cellular portable telephone to be
commercialized, known as Motorola
DynaTAC 8000X (battery life of 8 hours)
• It cost $3.995 and sold over 300,000
units in the first year alone

10. Global System for Mobile Communications
BTS – Base Station
BSC – Base Station Controller
MSC – Mobile Service Switching Center
GSM Radio
Access Network

11. 1G
• First Generation of mobile networks
• GSMA – GSM Association
• Analogue, circuit-switched technology
• 800-900 MHz frequency bands
• Features: low traffic capacity, unreliable
handover, poor voice quality and security.
• Analogue First Generation phones were also
• Voice calls only
1991, First GSM call made by Radiolinja, Finland’s Mobile
Network Operator
1992, Telecel launches commercially with 0,3%
penetration, 30k customers
Ericsson GH172
Telecel 1st portable
mobile phone

12. 2G
• Second Generation mobile telephone networks
• Digital technology
• Network Coverage increase in densely
populated areas within cities
• More Capacity to handle the large number of
calls
• Improved resilience to avoid the risks of
interference and dropped calls at handoffs.
• Caller ID, SMS , Roaming, EU (GSM 900); US
(CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access)
• CSD – Circuit switch Data, 9.6kbit/s
1995 – Telecel covers 100% of Continental Portugal
and launches Post-Paid SMS (pre-paid 1996 –
“Vitamina T”)

13. 2.5G
• Second Generation Enhanced
• Demand for better data services and access to
the Internet.
• Packet-switched connection (GPRS)
• Mobile internet started with WAP – Wireless
Application Protocol
• Enhanced data rates
– HSCSD, High Speed Circuit-Switched Data, 14.4kbit/s
– GPRS, General Packet Radio Service, 56-114 kbit/s
– EDGE, Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution,
240kbit
1999 Telecel WAP launch
2001 Telecel Vodafone GPRS goes commercial,
including HSCSD

14. 3G
• Third Generation
• Japan was the first country to introduce
• Higher data transmission rates and offer
increased capacity
• Use packet-switching technology, which is
more efficient and faster than circuit-switching
• Requires more infrastructure than 2G systems
• New handsets and new services: TV
streaming, multimedia, video call, MMS, Web
browsing, e-mail, paging, fax, and navigational
maps.
Nov 2002 – Vodafone Live! Launch
Dec 2003 – 3G/UMTS Vodafone Roll-out

15. Transport
Network
Core Network
Data delivery (Packet Switch)
Services Network
Services Delivery
UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN – UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
GSM – Global System for Mobile Communications
RAN – Radio Access Network
PLMN– Public Land Mobile Network
Core Network
Services Routing
Radio Access
Network
3G
SGSN– Serving GPRS support Node
HLR – Home Location Register
IMS – IP Multimedia Subsystem
MSC – Mobile Services switching Center
PSTN– Public switched telephone network
3G Mobile Networks Architecture
Radio Access
Network
1G, 2G

16. GSM Messaging Services
• The first SMS (Short Message Service) text
message was sent over the Vodafone GSM
network in the United Kingdom on 3rd Dec
1992. Message “Merry Christmas”
• SMS the most widely used data
application in the world
• EMS (Enhanced Messaging Service), you
can send formatted text, sound effects,
small pictures and icons
• MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)
allows you to send animations, audio and
video files in addition to text.

17. Converged Mobile Phones
• Multimedia Feature
Phones
– Camera
– Music & Radio player
– Game Consoles
– Internet Browsing
– Video Player
– Stream & Record
– Apps / Java J2ME

19. Mobile 1.0
6110
WAP 1.0 / CSD
WAP 1.2 / GPRS
WAP 2.0 / 3G & HSDPA

20. 2006 Smartphones
Smartphones are “complicated” and are only for
those who indulge in business-on-the-move

25. • Mobile is OTT ??
• Adaptive Connectivity
• Full Internet Experience
• App Stores Economy
• Developers
• Smartphones, Tablets
• Android, iOS and others
Apple’s built-in apps arrived and set a
standard that inspired third-party developers
to create something amazing, and they did,
just as soon as the platform opened up.
Mobile 2.0

26. 200+ Organized Apps

27. “Internet Players” Disruption
• Apple iMessage
– messages synced between iOS devices
• Other Innovative Messaging Services
– Skype
– WhatsApp
– eBuddy
– Pushme.to
– Gtalk
– Telefonica “Tu Me App” (VOIP)

28. It’s all about
User Experience
- Contextual, Social
- Over-the-top
- Responsive
- Convergence
- Entertainment
- Inspirational
- Collaboration
- Anywhere, Anytime

29. Mobile 2.0

30. 4G/LTE
• 4th Generation
• All IP – data, voice and SMS
• Big Data
• 150 DL / 75 UL
2011, first mobile broadband device to
support 4G/LTE. Vodafone launches
Connect Pen K5005
2012, Vodafone 4G commercial launch

31. LTE design is optimised for data services with clear performance improvement over 3G
Advantages over 3G/HSDPA
• Globally accepted standard, including
Verizon and China Mobile
LTE brings:
ü Improved user throughput (+50% in
10MHz)
ü Decreased latency (50%)
ü Increased site capacity (+60% in 10MHz)
ü Flexible bandwidth configurations
ü Flatter, IP-centric architecture
û Device complexity challenges
LTE Base Station.
Can be combined
with 2G/3G in
“Single RAN”
equipment
Radio Access
Network
Upgraded
transmission
networks – More
Fibre, vDSL, Ethernet
Microwave
Transport
Network
Core
Network
Core
upgraded to
support 2G/
3G & LTE
New LTE capable devices required
EPC
Internet
New air interface,
OFDM (Orthogonal
Frequency Division
Multiplex)
Architecture Changes

32. LTE Terminals
§ Access to the Internet at Home with Laptop, Netbook or
Desktop PC
§ High Speed Internet Access up to 50 Mbps
§ High Speed Access to Internet
§ High Quality Access to mobile content e.g. Video Streaming
§ Fixed Line and fast Internet Connection with LG Turbo
Box and Easybox 803
§ Fast and Easy Installation
Fixed wireless solutions
Internet for PC
Smartphone's/Tablets

36. Trends & Evolution Impact

38. “Os portugueses compram
menos eletrodomésticos e
produtos tecnológicos, no
entanto o segmento das
telecomunicações,
principalmente devido aos
smartphones, continua a
ser o sector que regista
melhores resultados no
último trimestre de 2011.”

39. • MNOs suffering from social-economics crisis
• Increased fixed-mobile convergence
• Content providers becoming over-the-top
• Mobile Data eating Voice/SMS/legacy
• 4G: More terminals and increased availability in cities
• Telecom market consolidation and revamp – ZOPT
• Total Telecom wars: mobile vs fixed
• Bundles: 2P (voice+net) , 3P(2P+tv) , 4P (3P+mobile)
• Meo M4O, Vodafone RED, Optimus WoW, ZOPT…

42. • 18x mobile data growth from 2011 to 2016 *
• Data Traffic - Mobile 3x Fixed
• GSMA initiatives: Joyn, OneAPI, Mobile NFC
• OTT Phones: Firefox, Tizen, Android
• Trends
- Streaming and Mobile Video
- Mobile connections and increased speeds
- Advanced mobile computing devices
*Cisco VNI - Visual Networking Index
Mobile Internet

43. MNOs Challenges
• Mobile data traffic explosion driven by
– advanced mobile terminals
– bandwidth hungry applications
• High quality mobile broadband services
• Next generation network deployments imperative to
efficiently manage huge traffic demand and cost
challenges
• OTT
• Telecom -> Datacom -> ISP ?

44. IT
Experience
Business
Experience
Human
Experience
Technology Trends
Source: Gartner The Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2012
Internet of Things
App stores and
marketplaces
Next-generation analytics
Big data
In-memory computing
Extreme low-energy servers
Cloud computing
Media tablets and beyond
Mobile-centric applications
and interfaces
Contextual and social

45. New Era for Product and Services
Content Access Always-on Devices Transactions
Live Stream & ShareConnected Automation

46. • Rise of Mobile, Tablet
• Rise of HTML 5, Cloud Media
• Rise of Mobile Enterprise IT
– Enterprise IT shifting tablet + smartphone
• Rise of SECURITY
– with new IT players, different devices , more hacking touch
points, diversity threats (Java, Flash, Android, HTML injection)
– Countries Cyber Wars
http://allthingsd.com/20130219/cyberwar-with-china-is-here-like-it-or-not
• Rise of New and intelligent applications such as Smart
Metering, Machine-to-Machine (M2M), etc.
…. and a Challenging one

47. The Connected World
Data
Connected everywhere enabling predictable transactions
analysis and valuable insights creation
Cloud
The hub to accelerate a continuous and consistent flow of
unmatched customer experience
Devices
Smartphones and tablets having personalized and secure
online services
Innovation
Reengineer new and proven propositions, evolving to a
Cloud Services Broker