The document discusses developments in computer networks and communications. It defines a computer network and how interconnected devices can communicate. Mobile computing allows wireless and portable access to networks through devices like laptops and smartphones. The document also describes different types of networks including personal area networks (PANs), virtual private networks (VPNs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), and WiMAX networks for broadband wireless access. New technologies continue to enhance mobile computing and internet access.

1. Title :
The Latest Development In Networks And
Communications
Nama: Nur Najeeha Raihan Bt Hasri
Class : 4 sciences 3
No I/c :
Member group : Fatimah Aniqah Bt Ismail
Nordiana Anastasia Bt Nordin
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2. 1.0 Introduction
COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network is a system of interconnected computers and peripheral devices. For
example, it may connect computers, printers, scanners and cameras. Using hardware and
software, these interconnected computing devices can communicate with each other
through defined rules of data communication. In a network, computers can exchange and
share information and resources. A computer network may operate on wired connections
or wireless connections. When two or more network are linked or connected and are able
to communicate with one another using suitable hardware and software, it is called an
internetwork.
COMMUNICATIONS
Communication is about the transfer of information from a sender, across a distance, to a
receiver. Using electricity, radio waves or light, information and data in the form of codes
are transmitted through a physical medium such as wire, cable or even the atmosphere.
Therefore, in order to make communication possible from computers, across telephones
and radios and back to computers and other digital devices again, there must be a signal
translator, which we call a modem. The modem which is short for modulator or
demodulator, converts digital signals into analog and back again into digital signals for
information to move across the telephone line.
2.0
Mobile Computing
2.1 Definition
Mobile Computing is a generic term describing your ability to use technology
'untethered', that is not physically connected, or in remote or mobile (non static)
environments. The term is evolved in modern usage such that it requires that the
mobile computing activity be connected wirelessly to and through the internet or to
and through a private network. This connection ties the mobile device to centrally
located information and/or application software through the use of battery powered,
portable, and wireless computing and communication devices. This includes devices
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3. like laptops with wireless LAN or wireless WAN technology, smart mobile phones,
wearable computers and Personal Digital Assistant (PDAs) with Bluetooth or IRDA
interfaces. Mobile computing also defined as generic term describing one's ability
to use technology while moving as opposed to portable computers, which are only
practical for use while deployed in a stationary configuration.
2.2 Specification, services, and frequencies of Mobile Computing
SAMSUNG NOTE II
Specification
-HSDPA: 21 Mbps (N7100)
: 42 Mbps (N7105)
-HSUP: 5.76 Mbps
-LTE Cat3 (N7105 only): 50 Mbps
-UL: 100 Mbps DL
-Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n, dual-band, DLNA, Wi-Fi Direct, Wi-Fi
hotspot
-Android OS, v4.1.1 (Jelly Bean), upgradeable to 4.1.2 (Jelly Bean)
Services
-GPS support and GLONASS
-SMS (threaded view), MMS, Email, Push Mail, IM, RSS
-Bluetooth v4.0 with A2DP, LE, EDR
-Youtube, Facebook, Google search
-TV-out via MHL A/V link
- Smart Stay and Smart Rotate eye tracking
- MP4/DivX/XviD/WMV/H.264/H.263 player
- MP3/WAV/eAAC+/AC3/FLAC player
- Image/video editor
- Document editor (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, PDF)
- Google Search, Maps, Gmail,
- Voice memo/dial/commands
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4. Frequencies
-2G Network, GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900
-3G Network, HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1900 / 2100
HSDPA 850 / 900 /2100 – N7105
- 4G Network, LTE 800 / 900 / 1800 / 2600 – N7105
3.0
Internet Technology and Services
3.1 VoIP
Technology that allows voice to be carried over internet connections or other
networks using Internet Protocols (IP). Although comparatively inexpensive, the
method does not provide real full-duplex communications. It is because unlike
regular phone networks, IP networks break the voice signals into chunk that arrive at
the destinations through different routes and at different intervals for reassembly in
the correct order by the receiving device. This process often results in discernible
gaps in the flow of a conservation. Also called internet telephone, IP telephony.
3.2 BLOG
A website, similar to an online journal, that include chronological entries. The word
blog was derived from the combination of the word web and log. Blogs typically
focus on a specific subject (economy, entertainment news, etc.) and provide users
with forums (or a comment area) to talk about each posting. Many people use blogs
as they would a personal journal diary.
4.0
Types of network.
4.1 PAN
A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication
among computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants)
close to one's person. The devices may or may not belong to the person in question.
The reach of a PAN is typically a few meters. PANs can be used for
communication among the personal devices themselves (intrapersonal
communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an
uplink). Personal area networks may be wired with computer buses such as USB
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5. and FireWire. A wireless personal area network (WPAN) can also be made
possible with network technologies such as IrDA, Bluetooth, UWB, Z-Wave and
ZigBee.
4.2 VPN
VPN stands for "Virtual Private Network." (Not a competitor of UPN). This is a
network term that most computer users don't need to know, but at least you can
impress your friends by talking about it. A VPN refers to a network that is
connected to the Internet, but uses encryption to scramble all the data sent through
the Internet so the entire network is "virtually" private. For example, a large
company that has offices in multiple locations may need to send data to the
different locations via the Internet. To keep the information secure, the company
might first set up a VPN with an encrypted connection. It's basically like having a
secure Intranet over the Internet.
4.3 WLAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless local area network that links two or more
computers or devices using spread-spectrum or OFDM modulation technology
based to enable communication between devices in a limited area. This give users
the mobility to move around within a broad coverage area and still be connected to
the network.
4.4 WIMAX
WiMAX meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access is a
telecommunication technology that provides wireless transmission for data using
variety of transmission modes, from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully
mobile internet access. The technology provides up to 3 Mbit/s broadband speed
without the need for cables. The technology is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard
(also called Broadband Wireless Access). The name “WiMAX” was created by the
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6. WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and
interoperability of the standard.
5.0 Conclusion
Computer Networks and Communications are expanding rapidly each and everyday
making, sharing of information trillion times before they exists. Mobile computing is now
getting edgier by the day. New technologies are being implemented, tested and apply in
mobile computing making us and the future another step closer. The internet is also
getting better along the lines of the information age. Meanwhile, types of networks
available for us adding it on top of making computing networks and communication the
new men`s best friend.
Reference
http://cikgushahrul.blogspot.com/2010/05/latest-development-in-network.html
1/7/2013
http://lamanictku.blogspot.com/2011/04/mobile-computing.html
1/7/2013
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN
11/7/2013
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP
11/7/2013
http://www.youblisher.com/p/419553-S07-1-Describe-the-Latest-Development-in-Networksand-Communications/
15/7/2013
6

7. WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and
interoperability of the standard.
5.0 Conclusion
Computer Networks and Communications are expanding rapidly each and everyday
making, sharing of information trillion times before they exists. Mobile computing is now
getting edgier by the day. New technologies are being implemented, tested and apply in
mobile computing making us and the future another step closer. The internet is also
getting better along the lines of the information age. Meanwhile, types of networks
available for us adding it on top of making computing networks and communication the
new men`s best friend.
Reference
http://cikgushahrul.blogspot.com/2010/05/latest-development-in-network.html
1/7/2013
http://lamanictku.blogspot.com/2011/04/mobile-computing.html
1/7/2013
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN
11/7/2013
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP
11/7/2013
http://www.youblisher.com/p/419553-S07-1-Describe-the-Latest-Development-in-Networksand-Communications/
15/7/2013
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