In the existing cloud brokerage system, the client does not have the ability to verify the result of the cloud service selection. There are possibilities that the cloud broker can be biased in selecting the best Cloud Service Provider (CSP) for a client. A compromised or dishonest cloud broker can unfairly select a CSP for its own advantage by cooperating with the selected CSP. To address this problem, we propose a mechanism to verify the CSP selection result of the cloud broker. In this verification mechanism, properties of every CSP will also be verified. It uses a trusted third party to gather clustering result from the cloud broker. This trusted third party is also used as a base station to collect CSP properties in a multi-agent’s system. Software Agents are installed and running on every CSP. The CSP is monitored by agents as the representative of the customer inside the cloud. These multi-agents give reports to a third party that must be trusted by CSPs, customers and the Cloud Broker. The third party provides transparency by publishing reports to the authorized parties (CSPs and Customers).
Mmb authenticated index for verifiableKamal Spring
Cloud brokers have been recently introduced as an additional computational layer to facilitate cloud selection and service management tasks for cloud consumers. However, existing brokerage schemes on cloud service selection typically assume that brokers are completely trusted, and do not provide any guarantee over the correctness of the service recommendations. It is then possible for a compromised or dishonest broker to easily take advantage of the limited capabilities of the clients and provide incorrect or incomplete responses. To address this problem, we propose an innovative Cloud Service Selection Verification (CSSV) scheme and index structures (MMBcloud-tree) to enable cloud clients to detect misbehavior of the cloud brokers during the service selection process. We demonstrate correctness and efficiency of our approaches both theoretically and empirically.
Preferences Based Customized Trust Model for Assessment of Cloud ServicesIJECEIAES
This document proposes a preferences based customized trust model (PBCTM) for assessing trust in cloud services. PBCTM considers user preferences for quality of service attributes and evidence of a service's performance on those attributes to calculate a customized trust score. It allows for elastic trust computation that can respond dynamically to changing user preferences over time. The model facilitates periodic ranking and selection of cloud services according to a user's varying quality expectations. Experimental results show PBCTM provides more accurate trust assessments and higher user satisfaction compared to other models.
A FRAMEWORK FOR SOFTWARE-AS-A-SERVICE SELECTION AND PROVISIONINGIJCNCJournal
As cloud computing is increasingly transforming the information technology landscape, organizations and
businesses are exhibiting strong interest in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings that can help them
increase business agility and reduce their operational costs. They increasingly demand services that can
meet their functional and non-functional requirements. Given the plethora and the variety of SaaS
offerings, we propose, in this paper, a framework for SaaS provisioning, which relies on brokered Service
Level agreements (SLAs), between service consumers and SaaS providers. The Cloud Service Broker (CSB)
helps service consumers find the right SaaS providers that can fulfil their functional and non-functional
requirements. The proposed selection algorithm ranks potential SaaS providers by matching their offerings
against the requirements of the service consumer using an aggregate utility function. Furthermore, the CSB
is in charge of conducting SLA negotiation with selected SaaS providers, on behalf of service consumers,
and performing SLA compliance monitoring
IRJET- Improvement of Security and Trustworthiness in Cloud Computing usi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using fuzzy logic to improve security and trustworthiness in cloud computing. It proposes a cloud services trust model (CSTM) that uses parameters like response time, cost, security, throughput, and speedup ratio to evaluate the trustworthiness of cloud services. The model assesses cloud services from a multidimensional perspective using these quality of cloud service parameters. Practical results show the model can improve quality of cloud services and help customers select services based on their needs and financial constraints.
Service performance and analysis in cloud computing extened 2Abdullaziz Tagawy
This is a study to the research paper (Service Performance and Analysis in Cloud Computing) by Kaiqi Xiong and Harry Perros in the class related to the course of EC636 Stochastic and Random Process in Tripoli University-Engineering faculty-Computer Engineering Department.
You can find this paper in (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5190711)
Priority Based Prediction Mechanism for Ranking Providers in Federated Cloud ...IJERA Editor
In Current trends the Cloud computing has a lot of potential to help hospitals cut costs, a new report says. Here‟s some help overcoming some of the challenges hiding in the cloud. Previously there several methods are available for this like Broker based trust architecture and etc. Health care framework which are patient, doctor, symptom and disease. In this paper we are going to discuss the broker based architecture for federated cloud and its Service Measurement Index considered for evaluating the providers,construction of Grade Distribution Table(GDT),concept of ranking the providers based on prediction weights comparison, optimal service provider selection and results discussion compared with existing techniques available for ranking the providers. In this paper we are going to propose, two different ranking mechanisms to sort the providers and select the optimal provider automatically. Grade distribution ranking model is proposed by assigning the grade for the providers based on the values of SMI attributes, based on the total grade value, providers falls on either Gold, Silver or Bronze. Each category applies the quick sort to sort the providers and find the provider at the top is optimal. If there is more than one provider at the top, apply priority feedback based decision tree and find the optimal provider for the request. In the second ranking mechanism, joint probability distribution mechanism is used to rank the providers, two providers having same score, apply priority feedback based decision tree and find the optimal provider for the request.
The document discusses security considerations for grid and cloud computing environments. It covers trust models, authentication and authorization methods, and the security infrastructure in grids. It also discusses network, host, and application level security aspects for cloud infrastructure. Key areas of data security are explained, including securing data in transit, at rest, and during processing. Identity and access management architectures and their implementation in cloud models like SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS are outlined.
Cloud Trust Management Framework Based On Cloud Market spacesIJERA Editor
Nowadays, applications running in virtual or cloud-based environments are all susceptible to exploitation. However, traditional trust solutions have not been fully optimized for virtualized third party environments. In this situation, the selection of an appropriate cloud service provider is an issue. This paper introduces a completely novel idea on most appropriate cloud service selection through an intermediator. It is based on the new notion of a marketspace. Our paper is devoted to the investigation of a novel architecture suggested for a marketspace. Several theoretical notions related to trust have also been explained extensively in the paper for Cloud service provider selection.
Mmb authenticated index for verifiableKamal Spring
Cloud brokers have been recently introduced as an additional computational layer to facilitate cloud selection and service management tasks for cloud consumers. However, existing brokerage schemes on cloud service selection typically assume that brokers are completely trusted, and do not provide any guarantee over the correctness of the service recommendations. It is then possible for a compromised or dishonest broker to easily take advantage of the limited capabilities of the clients and provide incorrect or incomplete responses. To address this problem, we propose an innovative Cloud Service Selection Verification (CSSV) scheme and index structures (MMBcloud-tree) to enable cloud clients to detect misbehavior of the cloud brokers during the service selection process. We demonstrate correctness and efficiency of our approaches both theoretically and empirically.
Preferences Based Customized Trust Model for Assessment of Cloud ServicesIJECEIAES
This document proposes a preferences based customized trust model (PBCTM) for assessing trust in cloud services. PBCTM considers user preferences for quality of service attributes and evidence of a service's performance on those attributes to calculate a customized trust score. It allows for elastic trust computation that can respond dynamically to changing user preferences over time. The model facilitates periodic ranking and selection of cloud services according to a user's varying quality expectations. Experimental results show PBCTM provides more accurate trust assessments and higher user satisfaction compared to other models.
A FRAMEWORK FOR SOFTWARE-AS-A-SERVICE SELECTION AND PROVISIONINGIJCNCJournal
As cloud computing is increasingly transforming the information technology landscape, organizations and
businesses are exhibiting strong interest in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings that can help them
increase business agility and reduce their operational costs. They increasingly demand services that can
meet their functional and non-functional requirements. Given the plethora and the variety of SaaS
offerings, we propose, in this paper, a framework for SaaS provisioning, which relies on brokered Service
Level agreements (SLAs), between service consumers and SaaS providers. The Cloud Service Broker (CSB)
helps service consumers find the right SaaS providers that can fulfil their functional and non-functional
requirements. The proposed selection algorithm ranks potential SaaS providers by matching their offerings
against the requirements of the service consumer using an aggregate utility function. Furthermore, the CSB
is in charge of conducting SLA negotiation with selected SaaS providers, on behalf of service consumers,
and performing SLA compliance monitoring
IRJET- Improvement of Security and Trustworthiness in Cloud Computing usi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using fuzzy logic to improve security and trustworthiness in cloud computing. It proposes a cloud services trust model (CSTM) that uses parameters like response time, cost, security, throughput, and speedup ratio to evaluate the trustworthiness of cloud services. The model assesses cloud services from a multidimensional perspective using these quality of cloud service parameters. Practical results show the model can improve quality of cloud services and help customers select services based on their needs and financial constraints.
Service performance and analysis in cloud computing extened 2Abdullaziz Tagawy
This is a study to the research paper (Service Performance and Analysis in Cloud Computing) by Kaiqi Xiong and Harry Perros in the class related to the course of EC636 Stochastic and Random Process in Tripoli University-Engineering faculty-Computer Engineering Department.
You can find this paper in (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5190711)
Priority Based Prediction Mechanism for Ranking Providers in Federated Cloud ...IJERA Editor
In Current trends the Cloud computing has a lot of potential to help hospitals cut costs, a new report says. Here‟s some help overcoming some of the challenges hiding in the cloud. Previously there several methods are available for this like Broker based trust architecture and etc. Health care framework which are patient, doctor, symptom and disease. In this paper we are going to discuss the broker based architecture for federated cloud and its Service Measurement Index considered for evaluating the providers,construction of Grade Distribution Table(GDT),concept of ranking the providers based on prediction weights comparison, optimal service provider selection and results discussion compared with existing techniques available for ranking the providers. In this paper we are going to propose, two different ranking mechanisms to sort the providers and select the optimal provider automatically. Grade distribution ranking model is proposed by assigning the grade for the providers based on the values of SMI attributes, based on the total grade value, providers falls on either Gold, Silver or Bronze. Each category applies the quick sort to sort the providers and find the provider at the top is optimal. If there is more than one provider at the top, apply priority feedback based decision tree and find the optimal provider for the request. In the second ranking mechanism, joint probability distribution mechanism is used to rank the providers, two providers having same score, apply priority feedback based decision tree and find the optimal provider for the request.
The document discusses security considerations for grid and cloud computing environments. It covers trust models, authentication and authorization methods, and the security infrastructure in grids. It also discusses network, host, and application level security aspects for cloud infrastructure. Key areas of data security are explained, including securing data in transit, at rest, and during processing. Identity and access management architectures and their implementation in cloud models like SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS are outlined.
Cloud Trust Management Framework Based On Cloud Market spacesIJERA Editor
Nowadays, applications running in virtual or cloud-based environments are all susceptible to exploitation. However, traditional trust solutions have not been fully optimized for virtualized third party environments. In this situation, the selection of an appropriate cloud service provider is an issue. This paper introduces a completely novel idea on most appropriate cloud service selection through an intermediator. It is based on the new notion of a marketspace. Our paper is devoted to the investigation of a novel architecture suggested for a marketspace. Several theoretical notions related to trust have also been explained extensively in the paper for Cloud service provider selection.
In the present atmosphere of tighter budgets and pressure on resources, many public sector organiza-tions, including local authorities, are outsourcing services to outer organizations under service level agreements in cloud computing. Cloud computing is an approach to convey facilitated benefits over the web. Services are available to the users relying upon cloud arrangement and the Service Level Agreement (SLA) between the service providers and the cli-ents. Service level agreements are being utilized inside associations, directing connection between various sections of the association. It requires a commitment from both parties to support and adhere to the agreement in order for the SLA to work effectively. In spite of the fact that it gives a straightforward view about the cloud condition, such as cloud services, cloud distribution, security issues, responsibilities, agreements and warranties of the services. However, there are several issues occur from incorrect SLA which can cause misunderstanding among service providers and clients. SLA checking device confirm the SLA effectively whether it deals with all administrations as per SLA. In this paper, we represent a SLA confirmation and checking process that can distinguish SLA verification in gathering the information. We consider IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) parameters for SLA verification in Cloud.
This document provides guidance on optimizing application performance for Azure. It discusses several techniques:
1. Using event-driven messaging in Service Bus to process messages asynchronously and improve throughput.
2. Avoiding lazy loading of entity data for complex processing scenarios to reduce unnecessary data retrieval.
3. Token size and use of encryption when using Access Control Service can impact performance; smaller tokens and optional encryption improve performance.
4. Data serialization is important for Azure applications due to costs for storage, transfers and caching; efficient serialization optimizes performance and costs.
DESIGNING ASPECT AND FUNCTIONALITY ISSUES OF CLOUD BROKERING SERVICE IN CLOUD...Souvik Pal
Cloud brokering service is an intermediate service which enables the producer-consumer business model
enforcing the easy access to cloud services from Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Cloud broker is to
provide a platform where broker collects the information from the user, analyze the data, and sends those
data to the CSPs. Cloud broker also provides data integration services and modeling the data across all the
components or units of the cloud services. This paper deals with designing criteria and issues of cloud
broker, system activity of broker, and sequence diagram of system design with implementation procedure.
IRJET- Trust Value Calculation for Cloud ResourcesIRJET Journal
The document proposes a methodology for calculating trust values for cloud resources using the naive Bayesian mining technique. The methodology uses formulas to calculate values for accessibility, reliability, ability, turnaround efficiency, and reputation of each resource. These values are then used in a naive Bayesian algorithm to predict trust values and visualize the results. The goal is to provide users with a means to evaluate trustworthiness and choose highly trustworthy cloud resources.
The document discusses several topics related to cloud computing including:
1. A hybrid cloud approach for secure authorized data deduplication that considers differential user privileges.
2. A framework called AMES-Cloud that provides adaptive mobile video streaming and efficient social video sharing using private cloud agents.
3. Research into using multi-cloud providers instead of single clouds to help maintain security.
Profit Maximization for Service Providers using Hybrid Pricing in Cloud Compu...Editor IJCATR
Cloud computing has recently emerged as one of the buzzwords in the IT industry. Several IT vendors are promising to offer computation, data/storage, and application hosting services, offering Service-Level Agreements (SLA) backed performance and uptime promises for their services. While these „clouds‟ are the natural evolution of traditional clusters and data centers, they are distinguished by following a pricing model where customers are charged based on their utilization of computational resources, storage and transfer of data. They offer subscription-based access to infrastructure, platforms, and applications that are popularly termed as IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and SaaS (Software as a Service). In order to improve the profit of service providers we implement a technique called hybrid pricing , where this hybrid pricing model is a pooled with fixed and spot pricing techniques.
Linked List Implementation of Discount Pricing in Cloudpaperpublications3
The document discusses implementing a linked list approach to optimize resource scheduling and pricing in cloud computing environments. It proposes a Randomized Online Stack-centric Scheduling Algorithm (ROSA) using a doubly linked list to maintain resource status and allocate resources flexibly without strict time constraints. This allows multiple customers to share resources and enjoy volume discounts without needing to adjust time limits. The approach aims to maximize resource utilization while minimizing customer costs through broker-mediated scheduling of customer requests among cloud providers.
This document describes a Cloud Price Estimation Tool (CPET) that was developed to help users estimate the optimal pricing plan for running their applications on Amazon EC2 cloud servers. CPET collects resource usage data from applications running on a user's private server, analyzes the requirements, and recommends the best EC2 instance type and pricing plan based on the application's estimated usage levels. The tool is meant to help users confidently migrate their applications to the cloud by reducing uncertainty about required resources and pricing. It was evaluated using workloads run on the University of Waterloo's compute clusters to verify its modules worked as intended.
Reliability evaluation model for composite web servicesdannyijwest
Web services are the new innovation in this era. Because of the cross-platform and language independent nature of the web
services, it is getting accepted by the various industries. Revolution in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has created
numerous web service users. Different choices of services are available to meet the specific requirement of customers. At the
same time, customer needs quality service. Selecting the web service which meets all the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement
specified by the consumer in the Service Level Agreement is a tedious task today. One of the predominant QoS factor is
reliability of the web service. Evaluation of reliability on web services and selecting the best one among the different choices are
needed now. This paper focuses on the design of reliability evaluation framework for the composite web services.
Survey on Restful Web Services Using Open Authorization (Oauth)I01545356IOSR Journals
Abstract: Web services are application based programming interfaces (API) or web APIs that are accessed
through Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to execute on a remote system hosting the requested services. A
RESTFUL web service is a budding technology, and a light weight approach that do not restrict the clientserver
communication. The open authorization (OAuth) 2.0 protocol enables the users to grant third-party
application access to their web resources without sharing their login credential data. The Authorization Server
includes authorization information with the Access Token and signs the Access Token. An access token can be
reused until it expires. An authentication filter is used for business services. This paper presents a secure
communication at the message level with minimum overhead and provides a fine grained authenticity using the
Jersey framework.
Keywords: Open authorization (oauth), Restful web services, HTTP protocols and uniform resource
identifier(URI).
Provides customer service and support for payment issues.
o Acquirer: The merchant's bank that processes credit card transactions.
o Issuer: The bank that issued the customer's credit card.
o Payment Network: Visa, MasterCard, American Express, etc. that connects acquirers and issuers.
- Payment Gateway: Connects a business to its payment processor to accept online payments. It
encrypts sensitive payment data and transmits it securely to the payment processor.
- Fraud Prevention: Uses analytics to identify and block fraudulent transactions in real-time.
- Billing: Generates invoices and handles recurring billing for subscriptions.
- Reporting: Provides detailed sales and transaction reports for
The document proposes a trust management system (TMC) for mobile ad-hoc clouds. TMC considers availability, neighbors' evaluations, response quality, and task completeness to calculate a trust value for each node. It uses the EigenTrust algorithm to calculate reputation trust values. The authors tested TMC's performance on execution time and ability to detect misbehaving nodes. TMC was built on the PlanetCloud architecture, which forms mobile clouds using voluntary resources. It aims to enable reliable cloud provisioning in emergency situations when internet may not be available.
CACMAN COMPARISION WITH MOCA USING PKI ON MANET.neeravkubavat
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a framework called CACMAN to address issues with providing certificate authority (CA) services in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). CACMAN aims to minimize packet overhead and maximize availability of CA services by allowing clients to cache and share certificates collaboratively. It compares CACMAN to the existing MOCA framework, which relies on threshold cryptography across multiple CA nodes. The document outlines CACMAN's certificate request and response process between clients using local caching and broadcasting, with the goal of reducing load on CA servers and improving availability without compromising security.
A survey on various resource allocation policies in cloud computing environmenteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IRJET- Continuous Auditing Approach to the Cloud Service Addressing Attri...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a continuous auditing approach for cloud services to address security attributes. It discusses using a third-party auditor to continuously audit selected security certification criteria of cloud services to increase trust in certificates over time as the cloud environment changes. The document outlines a system where data owners can delegate auditing to a trusted third party, allowing audits to be done publicly and efficiently while protecting data privacy. It describes desirable properties for such a public auditing system, such as minimizing overhead, protecting data privacy during audits, supporting dynamic data changes, and allowing the third party to efficiently handle multiple concurrent auditing tasks.
A Proposed Model for Web Proxy Caching Techniques to Improve Computer Network...Hossam Al-Ansary
This document proposes a model for using web proxy caching techniques to improve the performance of computer networks. It discusses how web proxy caching works by storing frequently requested web objects on proxy caches located within the network. This reduces network traffic, server load, and retrieval delays for users. The document also outlines some challenges with web proxy caching, such as cache size, consistency, and overhead. It then proposes using a combination of forward and reverse proxy caching to take advantage of the benefits of caching while overcoming its issues. This could help improve poor network communication in the Egyptian National Railways organization by enhancing efficiency and access for remote users.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a system for privacy-preserving public auditing of cloud data storage. The system allows a third-party auditor (TPA) to verify the integrity of data stored with a cloud service provider on behalf of users, without learning anything about the actual data contents. The system uses a public key-based homomorphic linear authenticator technique that enables the TPA to perform audits without having access to the full data. This technique allows the TPA to efficiently audit multiple users' data simultaneously. The document describes the system components, methodology used involving key generation and auditing protocols, and concludes the proposed system provides security and performance guarantees for privacy-preserving public auditing of cloud data
A Multi Criteria Recommendation Engine Model for Cloud Renderfarm Services IJECEIAES
Cloud services that provide a complete platform for rendering the animation files using the resources in the cloud are known as cloud renderfarm services. This work proposes a multi criteria recommendation engine model for recommending these Cloud renderfarm services to animators. The services are recommended based on the functional requirements of the animation file to be rendered like the rendering software, plug-in required etc and the non functional Quality of Service (QoS) requirements like render node cost, time taken to upload animation files etc. The proposed recommendation engine model uses a domain specific ontology of renderfarm services to identify the right services that could satisfy the functional requirements of the user and ranks the identified services using the popular Multi Criteria Decision Analysis method like Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). The ranked list of services is provided as recommended services to the animators in the ranking order. The Recommendation model was tested to rank and recommend the cloud renderfarm services in multi criteria requirements by assigning different QoS criteria weight for each scenario. The ranking based recommendations were generated for six different scenarios and the results were analyzed. The results show that the services recommended for each scenario were different and were highly dependent on the weights assigned to each criterion.
SelCSP: A Framework to Facilitate Selection of Cloud Service Providers1crore projects
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Service operator aware trust scheme for resourcejayaramb
The document proposes a service operator-aware trust scheme (SOTS) for resource matchmaking across multiple clouds. SOTS uses a middleware framework to evaluate trust based on multi-dimensional resource service operators to improve dependability. The broker can efficiently select the most trusted resources in advance using an adaptive trust evaluation approach based on information entropy theory. This overcomes limitations of traditional schemes that manually weight trust factors.
JAVA 2013 IEEE CLOUDCOMPUTING PROJECT Collaboration in multicloud computing e...IEEEGLOBALSOFTTECHNOLOGIES
To Get any Project for CSE, IT ECE, EEE Contact Me @ 09849539085, 09966235788 or mail us - ieeefinalsemprojects@gmail.com-Visit Our Website: www.finalyearprojects.org
In the present atmosphere of tighter budgets and pressure on resources, many public sector organiza-tions, including local authorities, are outsourcing services to outer organizations under service level agreements in cloud computing. Cloud computing is an approach to convey facilitated benefits over the web. Services are available to the users relying upon cloud arrangement and the Service Level Agreement (SLA) between the service providers and the cli-ents. Service level agreements are being utilized inside associations, directing connection between various sections of the association. It requires a commitment from both parties to support and adhere to the agreement in order for the SLA to work effectively. In spite of the fact that it gives a straightforward view about the cloud condition, such as cloud services, cloud distribution, security issues, responsibilities, agreements and warranties of the services. However, there are several issues occur from incorrect SLA which can cause misunderstanding among service providers and clients. SLA checking device confirm the SLA effectively whether it deals with all administrations as per SLA. In this paper, we represent a SLA confirmation and checking process that can distinguish SLA verification in gathering the information. We consider IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) parameters for SLA verification in Cloud.
This document provides guidance on optimizing application performance for Azure. It discusses several techniques:
1. Using event-driven messaging in Service Bus to process messages asynchronously and improve throughput.
2. Avoiding lazy loading of entity data for complex processing scenarios to reduce unnecessary data retrieval.
3. Token size and use of encryption when using Access Control Service can impact performance; smaller tokens and optional encryption improve performance.
4. Data serialization is important for Azure applications due to costs for storage, transfers and caching; efficient serialization optimizes performance and costs.
DESIGNING ASPECT AND FUNCTIONALITY ISSUES OF CLOUD BROKERING SERVICE IN CLOUD...Souvik Pal
Cloud brokering service is an intermediate service which enables the producer-consumer business model
enforcing the easy access to cloud services from Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Cloud broker is to
provide a platform where broker collects the information from the user, analyze the data, and sends those
data to the CSPs. Cloud broker also provides data integration services and modeling the data across all the
components or units of the cloud services. This paper deals with designing criteria and issues of cloud
broker, system activity of broker, and sequence diagram of system design with implementation procedure.
IRJET- Trust Value Calculation for Cloud ResourcesIRJET Journal
The document proposes a methodology for calculating trust values for cloud resources using the naive Bayesian mining technique. The methodology uses formulas to calculate values for accessibility, reliability, ability, turnaround efficiency, and reputation of each resource. These values are then used in a naive Bayesian algorithm to predict trust values and visualize the results. The goal is to provide users with a means to evaluate trustworthiness and choose highly trustworthy cloud resources.
The document discusses several topics related to cloud computing including:
1. A hybrid cloud approach for secure authorized data deduplication that considers differential user privileges.
2. A framework called AMES-Cloud that provides adaptive mobile video streaming and efficient social video sharing using private cloud agents.
3. Research into using multi-cloud providers instead of single clouds to help maintain security.
Profit Maximization for Service Providers using Hybrid Pricing in Cloud Compu...Editor IJCATR
Cloud computing has recently emerged as one of the buzzwords in the IT industry. Several IT vendors are promising to offer computation, data/storage, and application hosting services, offering Service-Level Agreements (SLA) backed performance and uptime promises for their services. While these „clouds‟ are the natural evolution of traditional clusters and data centers, they are distinguished by following a pricing model where customers are charged based on their utilization of computational resources, storage and transfer of data. They offer subscription-based access to infrastructure, platforms, and applications that are popularly termed as IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and SaaS (Software as a Service). In order to improve the profit of service providers we implement a technique called hybrid pricing , where this hybrid pricing model is a pooled with fixed and spot pricing techniques.
Linked List Implementation of Discount Pricing in Cloudpaperpublications3
The document discusses implementing a linked list approach to optimize resource scheduling and pricing in cloud computing environments. It proposes a Randomized Online Stack-centric Scheduling Algorithm (ROSA) using a doubly linked list to maintain resource status and allocate resources flexibly without strict time constraints. This allows multiple customers to share resources and enjoy volume discounts without needing to adjust time limits. The approach aims to maximize resource utilization while minimizing customer costs through broker-mediated scheduling of customer requests among cloud providers.
This document describes a Cloud Price Estimation Tool (CPET) that was developed to help users estimate the optimal pricing plan for running their applications on Amazon EC2 cloud servers. CPET collects resource usage data from applications running on a user's private server, analyzes the requirements, and recommends the best EC2 instance type and pricing plan based on the application's estimated usage levels. The tool is meant to help users confidently migrate their applications to the cloud by reducing uncertainty about required resources and pricing. It was evaluated using workloads run on the University of Waterloo's compute clusters to verify its modules worked as intended.
Reliability evaluation model for composite web servicesdannyijwest
Web services are the new innovation in this era. Because of the cross-platform and language independent nature of the web
services, it is getting accepted by the various industries. Revolution in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has created
numerous web service users. Different choices of services are available to meet the specific requirement of customers. At the
same time, customer needs quality service. Selecting the web service which meets all the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement
specified by the consumer in the Service Level Agreement is a tedious task today. One of the predominant QoS factor is
reliability of the web service. Evaluation of reliability on web services and selecting the best one among the different choices are
needed now. This paper focuses on the design of reliability evaluation framework for the composite web services.
Survey on Restful Web Services Using Open Authorization (Oauth)I01545356IOSR Journals
Abstract: Web services are application based programming interfaces (API) or web APIs that are accessed
through Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to execute on a remote system hosting the requested services. A
RESTFUL web service is a budding technology, and a light weight approach that do not restrict the clientserver
communication. The open authorization (OAuth) 2.0 protocol enables the users to grant third-party
application access to their web resources without sharing their login credential data. The Authorization Server
includes authorization information with the Access Token and signs the Access Token. An access token can be
reused until it expires. An authentication filter is used for business services. This paper presents a secure
communication at the message level with minimum overhead and provides a fine grained authenticity using the
Jersey framework.
Keywords: Open authorization (oauth), Restful web services, HTTP protocols and uniform resource
identifier(URI).
Provides customer service and support for payment issues.
o Acquirer: The merchant's bank that processes credit card transactions.
o Issuer: The bank that issued the customer's credit card.
o Payment Network: Visa, MasterCard, American Express, etc. that connects acquirers and issuers.
- Payment Gateway: Connects a business to its payment processor to accept online payments. It
encrypts sensitive payment data and transmits it securely to the payment processor.
- Fraud Prevention: Uses analytics to identify and block fraudulent transactions in real-time.
- Billing: Generates invoices and handles recurring billing for subscriptions.
- Reporting: Provides detailed sales and transaction reports for
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A survey on various resource allocation policies in cloud computing environmenteSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
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SelCSP: A Framework to Facilitate Selection of Cloud Service Providers1crore projects
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Service operator aware trust scheme for resourcejayaramb
The document proposes a service operator-aware trust scheme (SOTS) for resource matchmaking across multiple clouds. SOTS uses a middleware framework to evaluate trust based on multi-dimensional resource service operators to improve dependability. The broker can efficiently select the most trusted resources in advance using an adaptive trust evaluation approach based on information entropy theory. This overcomes limitations of traditional schemes that manually weight trust factors.
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DOTNET 2013 IEEE CLOUDCOMPUTING PROJECT Collaboration in multicloud computing...IEEEGLOBALSOFTTECHNOLOGIES
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Collaboration in multicloud computing environments framework and security issuesIEEEFINALYEARPROJECTS
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IRJET- Extended Cloud Security for Trust-Based Cloud Service ProvidersIRJET Journal
This paper proposes a framework called SCSP to help customers choose trustworthy and competent cloud service providers. The framework evaluates service providers based on traits, risk estimation, data backup, and recovery capabilities. Traits are determined from customer feedback and reputation scores. Risk is calculated based on the provider's transparency. The framework includes modules for risk estimation, trust estimation, reputation scoring, trait computation, ability estimation, and risk computation. It also proposes algorithms for encryption, backup and recovery. The goal is to help customers select cloud service providers that can ensure secure, high quality service. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Apache Hadoop is an open-source software framework for distributed storage and processing of large datasets across clusters of computers. It consists of Hadoop Common (libraries and utilities), HDFS (distributed file system), YARN (resource management), and MapReduce (programming model). Hadoop is designed to reliably handle failures of individual machines or racks of machines by detecting and handling failures in software. It allows programming in any language using Hadoop Streaming and exposes higher-level interfaces like Pig Latin and SQL through related projects.
This document discusses an approach to achieving PCI DSS compliance in Amazon Web Services (AWS) public cloud environments based on ownership control and shared responsibility. It outlines how to determine which security controls are the responsibility of the cloud provider versus the customer organization. Key aspects of the approach include network isolation, software firewalls, image hardening, encryption of data at rest and in transit, anti-virus installation, configuration management, and use of network intrusion detection and prevention systems.
This document summarizes research on improving the security and performance of distributed data aggregation systems. It discusses how existing systems like DDAS that rely on Blobseer for data storage lack sufficient security. The document proposes using Kerberos authentication to securely authenticate authorized clients and allow access to distributed databases. It also describes using adaptive Huffman coding for compressing aggregated data to reduce computation costs and speed up retrieval. The research aims to integrate these methods into DDAS to provide secure and fast retrieval of aggregated data stored in distributed systems.
This document proposes a framework called SelCSP that helps customers select cloud service providers. SelCSP estimates the risk of interacting with a provider by combining measurements of the provider's trustworthiness and competence. Trustworthiness is calculated from customer ratings of previous interactions or feedback. Competence is assessed based on the transparency of the provider's service level agreements. The framework provides APIs for customers and providers to register and allows customers to provide trust ratings. It aims to facilitate reliable identification of ideal service providers for outsourcing business needs.
This document summarizes a research paper that assesses collaboration frameworks in multi-cloud environments. It explores the viability of cloud service providers collaborating to offer diverse services without heavy infrastructure spending. The paper reviews several proposed collaboration models and frameworks, including a proxy-based framework using different types of proxies, a unified multi-cloud infrastructure using open service models and configurable federations, and a proxy-as-cloud-broker model using dynamic scheduling algorithms. The paper concludes that multi-cloud environments can eliminate vendor lock-in for consumers and allow services to be accessed based on preference and need rather than a single provider. Key challenges to collaboration include standardization and security across provider platforms and services.
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This document proposes a framework called SLA-Based resource allocation to reduce infrastructure costs and minimize violations of service level agreements (SLAs) for Software as a Service (SaaS) providers. The framework maps customer requests to infrastructure parameters, handles dynamic changes in customer demands, and allocates virtual machines based on SLAs while considering heterogeneity of resources. The goal is to maximize the SaaS provider's profit by optimizing resource usage and reducing penalties from SLA violations when customers dynamically change resource sharing.
This document proposes a cloud service selection model called CloudEval that evaluates non-functional properties and selects an optimal service based on both user-specified quality of service levels and goals. CloudEval uses grey relational analysis, a multi-attribute decision making technique, in the selection process. It considers attributes like availability, response time, price, reputation, performance, and financial credit from service level agreements. The model aims to address limitations of prior works that either focus on specific service types or require user involvement in evaluation.
A Cloud Service Selection Model Based on User-Specified Quality of Service Levelcsandit
Recently, it emerges lots of cloud services in the
cloud service market. After many candidate
services are initially chosen by satisfying both th
e behavior and functional criteria of a target
cloud service. Service consumers need a selection m
odel to further evaluate nonfunctional QOS
properties of the candidate services. Some prior wo
rks have focused on objective and
quantitative benchmark-testing of QOS by some tools
or trusted third-party brokers, as well as
reputation from customers. Service levels have been
offered and designated by cloud service
providers in their Service Level Agreement (SLA). C
onversely, in order to meet user
requirement, it is important for users to discover
their own optimal parameter portfolio for
service level. However, some prior works focus only
on specific kinds of cloud services, or
require users to involve in some evaluating process
. In general, the prior works cannot evaluate
the nonfunctional properties and select the optimal
service which satisfies both user-specified
service level and goals most either. Therefore, the
aim of this study is to propose a cloud service
selection model, CloudEval, to evaluate the nonfunc
tional properties and select the optimal
service which satisfies both user-specified service
level and goals most. CloudEval applies a
well-known multi-attribute decision making techniqu
e, Grey Relational Analysis, to the
selection process. Finally, we conduct some experim
ents. The experimental results show that
CloudEval is effective, especially while the quanti
ty of the candidate cloud services is much
larger than human raters can handle.
Similar to MMB Cloud-Tree: Verifiable Cloud Service Selection (20)
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ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
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Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
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DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
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CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
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Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
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objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
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model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
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IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
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MMB Cloud-Tree: Verifiable Cloud Service Selection
1. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-4, Issue-4, Apr- 2018]
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.4.4.5 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 241
MMB Cloud-Tree: Verifiable Cloud Service
Selection
Mr. B. Karthikeyan1
, C. Sanjay2
, S. Roopesh Kumar3
, L. Vignesh Seerangan4
, E.
Manikandan5
1
Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, Affiliated to Anna
University, India.
2,3,4,5
Final Year, Department of Information Technology, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, Affiliated to Anna
University, India.
Abstract—In the existing cloud brokerage system, the
client does not have the ability to verify the result of the
cloud service selection. There are possibilities that the
cloud broker can be biased in selecting the best Cloud
Service Provider (CSP) for a client. A compromised or
dishonest cloud broker can unfairly select a CSP for its
own advantage by cooperating with the selected CSP. To
address this problem, we propose a mechanism to verify
the CSP selection result of the cloud broker. In this
verification mechanism, properties of every CSP will also
be verified. It uses a trusted third party to gather
clustering result from the cloud broker. This trusted third
party is also used as a base station to collect CSP
properties in a multi-agent’s system. Software Agents are
installed and running on every CSP. The CSP is
monitored by agents as the representative of the customer
inside the cloud. These multi-agents give reports to a
third party that must be trusted by CSPs, customers and
the Cloud Broker. The third party provides transparency
by publishing reports to the authorized parties (CSPs and
Customers).
Keywords— Cloud Service Selection, Brokerage System,
Merkel Hash Tree, Verification.
I. INTRODUCTION
Cloud services offer a scalable variety of storage space
and computing capabilities, which are widely employed
by an increasing number of business owners. This has
resulted in a large number of cloud service providers
(CSPs), offering a wide range of resources. The
availability of various, possibly complex options,
however, makes it difficult for potential cloud clients to
weigh and decide which options suit their requirements
the best.
The Challenges are:
It is hard for cloud clients to gather information
about all the CSPs available for their selections;
It is also computationally expensive to choose a
suitable CSP from a potentially large CSP pool.
In light of these difficulties, both industry and
academia suggested introducing an additional
computing layer on top of the base service
provisioning to enable tasks such as discovery,
mediation and monitoring.
In a cloud brokerage system, one of the most fundamental
tasks is to provide high-quality selection services for
clients. That is, a broker provides clients with a list of
recommended CSPs that meet the clients’ needs. With the
aid of cloud brokers, clients no longer need to collect,
search or compare CSPs’ services and capabilities.
Without the ability to verify the correctness of the service
recommendation, cloud clients could be easily cheated by
malicious brokers. For instance, malicious brokers could
recommend their favourable CSPs as much as possible
and ignore other suitable CSPs, without being caught by
the clients. More seriously, due to the lack of supervision
and verification of brokers’ actions, malicious brokers
could even recommend malicious CSPs which collect and
sell clients’ private resources, monitor clients’ hosts
during cloud service provisioning, causing major financial
and confidentiality losses to the clients. Therefore, it is
important to equip the clients with verification
capabilities of the obtained recommendations. The clients
may not need to verify each recommendation result, but
they certainly need to have the ability to do so when they
feel necessary.
Our novel index structure is the core component of our
Cloud Service Selection Verification (CSSV) scheme,
which employs the idea of “separation of duties” to
ensure strong security guarantees. Precisely, we introduce
a trusted collector in the cloud brokerage system that
separates the task of CSP information collection from the
service selection. The collector does not directly interact
with the cloud clients and is only in charge of gathering
information from the CSPs, and hence it can be more
devoted into adopting sophisticated defences to filter out
problematic data and building an authenticated database
of CSPs’ profiles. The collector is allowed to make profit
by selling the authenticated database to one or more cloud
brokers. With the available authenticated databases, the
2. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-4, Issue-4, Apr- 2018]
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.4.4.5 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 242
cloud brokers focus on handling probably a large number
of real-time service requests from clients. Since there are
related works in an MMB Cloud tree.
They are:
Cloud Service Selection
DB Query Authentication
The Cloud Service Selection describes the
recommendation system in cloud computing suitable for
design-time decisions as it statically provided a ranking of
available cloud providers. Aiming at evaluating the
performance and capabilities of services offered by CSPs
for facilitating customers’ selections. cloud service
selection is focused only on how to select the services that
satisfy customers’ requirements. None of them considers
security issues involved in the service selection, and none
of them provides verifiable schemes to prove the
correctness and completeness of their service selection
results as addressed in our work and to trusted collector
sharing location-based information, whereas we use the
collector to achieve service verification in the cloud.
Our proposed authenticated index structures are related to
those developed for query authentication in outsourced
databases. At query execution, the service provider picks
the signatures of the data objects falling in the query
range to form the proof messages. Since each data object
is linked with its predecessor and successor in an
unforgeable way, the client is able to verify the
completeness and correctness of query results by
verifying the validity of signatures.
A. Existing System
In an existing cloud brokerage schemes is that brokers are
completely trusted and thus will always provide unbiased
best available options to clients. Under this assumption,
none of the existing works provides guarantees over the
correctness or completeness of the service selection
recommendations to the cloud clients. Without the ability
to verify the correctness of the service recommendation,
cloud clients could be easily cheated by malicious
brokers. For instance, malicious brokers could
recommend their favourable CSPs as much as possible
and ignore other suitable CSPs, without being caught by
the clients. More seriously, due to the lack of supervision
and verification of brokers’ actions, malicious brokers
could even recommend malicious CSPs which collect and
sell clients’ private resources, monitor clients’ hosts
during cloud service provisioning, causing major
financial and confidentiality losses to the clients.
B. Proposed System
In our proposed system a novel index structure is the core
component of our Cloud Service Selection Verification
(CSSV) scheme, which employs the idea of separation of
duties to ensure strong security guarantees. Precisely, we
introduce a trusted collector in the cloud brokerage
system that separates the task of CSP information
collection from the service selection. The collector does
not directly interact with the cloud clients and is only in
charge of gathering information from the CSPs, and hence
it can be more devoted into adopting sophisticated
defences to filter out problematic data and building an
authenticated database of CSPs’ profiles. The collector is
allowed to make profit by selling the authenticated
database to one or more cloud brokers. With the available
authenticated databases, the cloud brokers focus on
handling probably a large number of real-time service
requests from clients.
C. Advanced Scheme using MMB Cloud-Tree:
The basic approach using MMB cloud-tree indexes only
the Price property, and therefore has limited ability to
deal with queries that do not include Price as one of the
selection criteria, or with queries that have many other
selection criteria besides Price. In either case, the basic
approach may return many CSPs which satisfy only the
Price criterion but not the whole query in the proof
message for verification.
II. MODULES
A. CSP Profile Creation
The service provider is in need to expose the service that
provided by them, in terms of the whole package of the
service. The package that consist of the details such as a
product that provide by the service provider and the
respective cost for each product in service. And a total
cost of the service. The service provider can be able to
produce any number (N numbers) of service and each are
declared as separate package.
B. Database Construction
The collector surf with the cloud service provider services
and select the needed package of services. And the
collector submits the resource request to the respective
CSP of service.
Fig.1: The collection of services from different CSP and
storing it in the collector DB
3. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-4, Issue-4, Apr- 2018]
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.4.4.5 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 243
If the CSP acknowledge the collector request of resource,
now the collector is ready to access the resource details
and to provide the respective resource to requesting
broker. Collector serves as an intermediate between the
broker and the CSP.
The Cloud Service Provider provides the service to the
broker. They collecting the service and given to the
broker whoever requesting the trusted collector.
C. Service Selection by the broker
It is worth noting that, the novelty of our approaches not
only lies in a new set of verification algorithms specific to
the cloud service selection, but also gives efficient
solutions (compared with the state-of-the-art) to the
problem of authenticating multidimensional queries. The
reason to choose Price as the indexing field is two-fold.
First, given that most cloud providers employ a pay-per-
use business model, Price is one of the most commonly
occurred criteria in cloud service selection queries. First,
cloud service selection typically allows cloud users to
specify multiple service requirement is always desirable
to have efficient cloud service selection and verification
so that the cloud end users would not feel delay of
services. Our novel index structure is the core component
of our Cloud Service Selection Verification (CSSV)
scheme, which employs the idea of “separation of duties”
to ensure strong security guarantees. we propose the
Cloud Service Selection Verification (CSSV) scheme
which is a comprehensive solution that is capable of
guaranteeing all the three security requirements (i.e.,
authenticity, satisfiability and completeness).
D. Results Verification
More seriously, due to the lack of supervision and
verification of brokers’ actions, malicious brokers could
even recommend malicious CSPs which collect and sell
clients’ private resources, monitor clients’ hosts during
cloud service provisioning, causing major financial and
confidentiality losses to the clients. we propose
innovative authenticated index structures and verification
protocols to allow clients to verify the completeness and
authenticity of brokers’ answers. This problem is related
to that of authentication of query results for outsourced
databases, selection and verification so that the cloud end
users would not feel delay of services, but existing few
works, although support authentication of multi-
dimensional query results, are time consuming, resulting
that they could not meet the demands of today’s real-time
cloud service recommendations.
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM
FOR MMB CLOUD
A. System Architecture
The cloud service providers providing the services to the
brokers stored in the cloud. The collector logs onto the
system are stored in the database and purchase
authenticated database. The collector providing services
to the cloud brokers. The user searching for the brokers
for the needed service. Finally, The results verification by
the clients. The System architecture are mainly occurs
Cloud service providers, collectors, cloud brokers and
users. This diagram shows the system architecture of
mmb- cloud as shown below.
Fig.2: System Architecture Diagram for MMB-Cloud
B. Work Flow Diagram
The first step is to create a profile for Cloud Service
Providers(CSP’s) and services are stored in the cloud.
The second step is the collector build authenticated
database and after collecting services from the CSP data
stored in the database. The third step is service selected
by the brokers. And finally, the clients searching for the
service that they need for the various brokers. And if the
user finds the needed service they request the service to
the broker and get use with the resource. And verify or
cross check the resource that bought from the broker that
whether the broker serves the correct resource in
affordable cost.
4. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-4, Issue-4, Apr- 2018]
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.4.4.5 ISSN: 2454-1311
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Fig.3: Work Flow Diagram for MMB-Cloud
IV. REQUIREMENTS
A. Hardware Requirments
The hardware required are laptop which
hard disk consists of 200GB and above, and
an RAM consists of 2GB and above and a
processor.
These are the hardware requirements in
mmb- cloud.
B. Software Requirments
The software required are windows XP and
Java development kit for the latest version
of 1.7.
Tomcat 6.0 (Apache Tomcat Server) is a
web container developed at the apache
software foundation. It implements the
servlets and java server pages.
My SQL 5.0(Structured Query Language)
is used to storing all the information in the
database.
V. MERKLE HASH TREE ALGORITHM
As our proposed data structure is developed based on the
Merkle hash tree, we provide more details of this
structure as follows. The Merkle hash tree has a binary
tree as the base structure. The leaf nodes in the Merkle
hash tree contain the hash values of the original data
items. Each internal node contains the hash value of the
concatenation of the hash values of its two children
nodes.
A. Why Merkle trees?
Consistency Verification
Data Verification
Data Synchronization
Merkle trees are used in distributed systems for efficient
data verification. A Merkle tree is a hash-based
structure that is a generalization of the hash list.It is a tree
structure in which each leaf node is a hash of a block of
data, and each non-leaf node is a hash of its children.
B. Algorithm Steps
Merkle hash tree was typically implemented as
binary trees.
Binary Tree is a node-based binary tree data
structure.
The left sub tree of a node contains only nodes
with keys lesser than the node’s key.
The right sub tree of a node contains only nodes
with keys greater than the node’s key.
The left and right sub tree each must also be a
binary search tree. There must be no duplicate
nodes.
VI. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we presented an innovative Cloud Service
Selection Verification (CSSV) system to achieve
cheating-free cloud service selection under a cloud
brokerage architecture. The core of our system is an
efficient authenticated index structure to ensure the
authenticity, the satisfiability and the completeness of the
service selection results. Our theoretical and experimental
results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our
schemes compared with the state-of-the-art. As part of our
future work, we plan to consider a verifiable scheme for
best service selection query whereby the broker returns
only the best CSP instead of all candidate CSPs with
respect to a client’s request.
5. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-4, Issue-4, Apr- 2018]
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.4.4.5 ISSN: 2454-1311
www.ijaems.com Page | 245
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