This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
This presentation specifically deals with the maxillary and mandibular Major connectors used in a cast partial denture. it also mentions the uses, advantages and disadvantages of each,
this presentation has all the techniques in impression making in the fabrication of an RPD.
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
a detailed account of the principles of tooth preparation with main reference from Shillingburg
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
this presentation has all the techniques in impression making in the fabrication of an RPD.
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
a detailed account of the principles of tooth preparation with main reference from Shillingburg
The presentation is available on request. Mail me at apurvathampi@gmail.com
This is a presentation on "Indirect retainer & minor connectors" in RPD. We often find this topic a little bit confusing. So, here I wanted to summarize the whole topic in a nutshell. Hopefully, you will find it interesting to have all the information in a concise way.
Minor connectors & rests & rest seats/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
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Minor connectors & rests & rest seats /certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Minor connectors & rests & rest seats./ dental education in indiaIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Minor connectors & rests & rest seats1/endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Minor connectors /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
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Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
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2. DEFINITION
The connecting link between the major connector
or base of a partial removable dental prosthesis
and the other units of the prosthesis, such as the
clasp assembly, indirect retainers, occlusal rests,
or cingulum rests.
-GPT 8
3. FUNCTIONS
Join remaining components of RPD to major
connector
Transfers functional stress to abutment teeth
Transfers the effects of retainers, rests and
stabilizes components
-McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
4. FORM AND LOCATION
Sufficient bulk to be rigid
Minor connector which connects axial surface of
an abutment should be located in an embrasure
rather than on a convex surface
McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
5. Should conform to interdental embrasure
pass vertically from major connector, gingival
crossing abrupt
Should be thick towards lingual and tapering
towards contact area
McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
6. Evidence suggests that gingival attachment loss is
more probable on the proximal aspect, thus minor
connectors located in embrasures cover
susceptible sites.
- A variation in minor connector design for partial dentures, Radford DR
Waltor JD.Int J Prosthodontics 1993 Jan-Feb;6(1):50-4.
7. A modification was proposed limited to maxilla.
Minor connector located on lingual surface of
maxillary abutment tooth.
Advantages:
- ↓ gingival tissue coverage
- Enhanced guidance for insertion and removal
- ↑ stabilization against horizontal and rotational
forces
McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
8. Disadvantages :
encroach tongue space
↑ potential space for food entrapment
McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
9. When minor connector contacts tooth surfaces on
either side of the embrasure, it should taper to the
teeth.
McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthesis
10. TYPES OF MINOR CONNECTORS
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
12. Rigid; sufficient bulk
Support rests
Mostly located on proximal surfaces of teeth
adjacent to edentulous areas
Broad buccolingually; thin mesiodistally
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
13. If clasp assembly not on adjacent teeth, lingual
embrasure
Unobtrusive
Should never be kept on convex surface of teeth
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
15. Form right angle with major connector
Junctions gently curved
Positioned in lingual embrasure
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
17. Described as,
Open construction
Mesh construction
Bead, wire or nail head components on a metal base
Strong
Rigid
Minimal interference with arrangement of
artificial teeth
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
18. Maxillary arch
Distal extension; extend entire ridge, cover tuberosity
Should extend as posterior as possible
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
20. Open Construction
Consists of longitudinal and transverse struts;
ladder like network
Strut placement critical; posterior teeth
arrangement
This type made using preformed 12guage half
round & 18 guage round wax strips
Longitudinal struts
Mandibular arch:
1 strut buccal to crest of ridge, other strut lingual to crest of
ridge
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
21. Maxillary arch
1 strut buccal to ridge crest,
Border of major connector 2nd strut
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
22. Positioning of
longitudinal strut
along crest
Interferes with
placement of
artificial teeth
Predisposes
denture base to
fracture
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
23. Transverse struts:
Positioned to facilitate placement of artificial
teeth
Adequate room for teeth placement
Should pass between necks of artificial teeth
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
24. Provide relief under gridwork:Adequate
mechanical retention
This space provided by relief wax placed on cast
before framework fabrication
About 1mm relief
Relief should begin 1.5-2mm from abutment
tooth
Removable Partial Denture
Manual, Robert W.Loney
26. Junction of this gridwork should be of strong butt
type joints, with appreciable bulk
Angles formed should not be >90̊
Removable Partial Denture Manual, Robert
W.Loney
27.
28. INDICATION AND ADVANTAGES
When multiple teeth are to be replaced
Provides strongest attachment of acrylic resin to
framework
Facilitates relining and rebasing of RPD
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
29. Mesh Construction
Rigid metallic screen
Relief and border extension similar to open
construction
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
30. Channels pass through connector
↓
permits acrylic resin penetration
↓
resin encirclement
↓
mechanical retention of denture base
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
31. Drawbacks
Difficulty during
packing of
acrylic resin
Interference with
arrangement of
prosthetic teeth
When restorative
space minimal,
compromised
esthetics
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
32. CAST STOPS
Distal extension cases
Relief -support only at one end
↓
bend when load is applied
To prevent bending, a small area at free end of
minor connector should contact master
cast→CAST STOP
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial
Prosthodontics
33.
34. Bead, Nail Head Or Wire Construction
Used in conjunction with metal denture bases
Resin attached to free surface of such bases,
retention by encompassing surface projections
Nail head same manner.
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontic
35. Advantage:
Improved hygiene and enhanced thermal stimulation
Disadvantage-
difficulty in adjusting and relining cast metal bases
Attachment of resin is relatively weak
Stewart's Clinical Removable Partial Prosthodontic
36. FINISH LINES
The interface between metal and acrylic is
referrred to as finish line.
If located outer surface of major connector-
external finish line
If located on inner or tissue surface- internal
finish line
37. Internal Finish Line
Formation: relief wax placed on edentulous ridge
of master cast prior to duplication
24-26 guage
Create elevated area on refractory cast
Margins of relief wax-establish internal finish
lines
Margins of wax: sharp and well defined
38. External Finish Lines
Sharp
Should be slightly undercut to help lock acrylic
resin to major connector
Internal angle<90
Formation: placement of carving of wax during
fabrication
39. Originate at lingual extent of rest seat
Continue down lingual aspect of minor
connector occlusal perspective:
Occlusal perspective:
external lingual sueface
40. MINOR CONNECTORS IN SERVE AS
APPROACH ARM FOR VERTICAL
PROJECTION/BAR-TYPE CLASPS
Neednot be rigid
Support direct retainers
Approaches from apical direction
Approach arm should display smooth, even, taper
from origin to terminus.
41. REFERENCES
Stewart’s removable partial prosthodontics
McCracken’s Removable partial Prosthodintics
Robert W Loney, removable partial denture
manual
A variation in minor connector design for partial
dentures, Radford DR Waltor JD.Int J
Prosthodontics 1993 Jan-Feb;6(1):50-4.
Editor's Notes
Transfer of functional stresses to the supporting teeth and tissue will not be effective.
Covers as little of gingival tissue as possible.
Deepesst portion of embrasure should be blocked out
This avoids sharp angles, which could hinder tongue movementand eliminate spaces that dould trap food
As they connect active components- retentive clasps
Support prevents vertical movement of prosthesis toward underlying tisue
Resultant shape helps in easier placement of prosthetic tooth in natural position
Strong enough to anchor denture base
Rigid enoug to resist fracture and displacement
In certain case it extends beyond most prominent portion of tuberosity or terminated anterior to this area
Aid in tooth arrangement
Improve eshetics
Allows acrylic to flow under gridwork
Metal-tissue contact immediately adjacen to tooth
Metal surface is preferable since it wears less, less porous. Thus hygiene
Provides maximum blk of acrylic resin denture base at matel junctn, to prevent creation of thin, weak, feather edges which can easily fracture or distort
2X2mm wax removed, where posterior strut of minor connector crosses center of the ridge
Depression incoporated in refractory cast
Upon casting framework and returning it to master cast, cast stp shold contact cast surface
