Mineral Supplements
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Multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements contain a combination of vitamins and minerals, and sometimes other ingredients as well. They go by many names, including multis and multiples or simply vitamins. The vitamins and minerals in MVMs have unique roles in the body. For more information about each one, see our dietary supplement fact sheets.
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Trace minerals are needed in small amounts but are essential for many bodily functions. They include iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, fluoride, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, and others. Trace mineral deficiencies can impair growth, development, immunity and cognitive function, while toxicities of some like iron, fluoride, and iodine can also negatively impact health. Food content of trace minerals depends on soil mineral content where the food was grown.
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This document provides information about plant toxins, including definitions, classifications, and examples. It discusses how plant toxins can be classified based on their chemistry into groups like alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, terpenes, and others. Specific toxic plant compounds discussed include essential oils like eucalyptus oil and pine oil, as well as apiol, safrole, and myristicin. The text outlines symptoms of toxicity, potential treatment approaches, and prognosis depending on the toxin consumed.
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1. Selenium is an essential trace element that functions in the body as part of selenoproteins but can be toxic at high levels.
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Lipids and fats
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Now a days people are very conscious to take care of their health. As the degree of pollution of environment as well as the food is augmented day by day, the prevalence of Vitamin Deficiency disease is increasing. Beside this due to Inadequate Food Intake, Improper Cooking Process, Overuse of Fertilizer, Irrational Chemical use, Excessive use of Preservative & growing habit of Fast Food eating, malnourished people are increasing.
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Trace minerals are needed in small amounts but are essential for many bodily functions. They include iron, zinc, iodine, selenium, fluoride, manganese, molybdenum, chromium, and others. Trace mineral deficiencies can impair growth, development, immunity and cognitive function, while toxicities of some like iron, fluoride, and iodine can also negatively impact health. Food content of trace minerals depends on soil mineral content where the food was grown.
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1. Selenium is an essential trace element that functions in the body as part of selenoproteins but can be toxic at high levels.
2. A misformulated liquid dietary supplement resulted in 201 cases of selenium poisoning due to the selenium concentration being approximately 200 times the labeled amount.
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Anemia is characterized by low hemoglobin or red blood cell counts, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. Common causes of anemia include iron deficiency, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, and anemia of inflammation. Symptoms depend on whether the anemia developed acutely or chronically, and may include palpitations, breathlessness, weakness, and fatigue. Diagnosis involves blood tests to measure cell counts and nutrient levels. Treatment focuses on replacing deficient nutrients like iron or vitamins, and addressing the underlying cause of the anemia. Oral and parenteral supplementation methods are used depending on the individual and severity of the anemia.
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1. Lipids include triglycerides, fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols, and cholesterol. They provide energy, aid nutrient absorption, and structure cell membranes.
2. Triglycerides are composed of a glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acids. Fatty acids vary in length and saturation. Saturated fats have full hydrogen saturation while unsaturated fats contain double bonds.
3. Lipids are digested into fatty acids and mono/diglycerides then absorbed via micelles into the blood as chylomicrons for transport and storage. Essential fatty acids must be obtained through diet.
Hypertension, its causes, types and management
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and provides normal and elevated blood pressure readings. It describes the types and causes of primary and secondary hypertension. It discusses the risk factors, mechanisms, diagnosis, clinical presentation, complications and treatment of hypertension, including lifestyle modifications and medication options. The overall goal of treatment is to reduce blood pressure levels to lower the risks of complications like stroke, heart disease and kidney failure.
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This document discusses different types of anemia. It defines anemia as a condition where the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells. The main types discussed are iron-deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, pernicious anemia, folate-deficiency anemia, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia. Causes, symptoms, and treatments are provided for each type.
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Now a days people are very conscious to take care of their health. As the degree of pollution of environment as well as the food is augmented day by day, the prevalence of Vitamin Deficiency disease is increasing. Beside this due to Inadequate Food Intake, Improper Cooking Process, Overuse of Fertilizer, Irrational Chemical use, Excessive use of Preservative & growing habit of Fast Food eating, malnourished people are increasing.
So a complete Vitamin-Mineral Supplement is essential. We have launched a Product namely Biogold, is an elegant preparation of "High Potency 32 Multivitamin-Multimineral. Which is "A Complete Multivitamin-Multimineral preparation for Golden Age (11-50 Years).
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2) A classical example of a poison that can cause both systemic and local effects is sulfuric acid.
3) Types of hypoxia include hypoxic hypoxia, anemic hypoxic, cytotoxic hypoxia, and stagnant hypoxia.
4) A direct toxic mechanism includes the binding of the poison to cellular proteins or the inhibition of an enzyme.
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Minerals play several important physiological roles in the human body. They are involved in growth and development, acting as components of tissues like bones, teeth, and muscles. Minerals also help regulate metabolic processes and are involved in generating energy. They contribute to maintaining homeostasis by regulating fluid balance, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure. Some minerals like calcium, potassium, and sodium also help maintain normal heart rhythm and nerve response. The major electrolytes in body fluids that help with these functions are sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, and others. Imbalances in electrolyte levels can disrupt fluid and acid-base balance.
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Minerals are inorganic elements needed by the body for functions like building tissues, regulating fluids, and assisting in bodily processes. Major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are required in amounts greater than 100mg daily, while trace minerals such as iron, iodine, and zinc are needed in lesser amounts. The document provides details on common food sources, functions, and deficiency/toxicity symptoms for each major and trace mineral.
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Metabolic syndrome is defined as a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. It affects about 25% of US adults and prevalence increases with weight. The diagnostic criteria include central obesity plus two of the following: elevated triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose. Central obesity, especially visceral fat, leads to insulin resistance which drives the pathogenesis. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise and weight loss as well as medication for individual components such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
anemia classification
Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hgb), or hematocrit (HCT) levels compared to normal levels for age and sex. Anemias can be classified based on RBC size and hemoglobin content as normocytic normochromic, microcytic hypochromic, or macrocytic normocytic. Common causes of anemia include iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, thalassemia, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, blood loss, and aplastic anemia.
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- Macro minerals make up about 4% of body weight and include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride and sulfur.
- Each mineral has an important role like building bones/teeth, fluid balance, nerve/muscle function.
- Recommended daily intakes are provided for adults and pregnant/lactating women to prevent deficiencies.
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-> Definition
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Potassium is an important intracellular cation found mainly in muscles. It is absorbed from food sources like vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and the kidneys excrete any excess. Potassium aids many functions like muscle activity, acid-base balance, and cardiac and nerve activity. Disorders can occur when potassium levels are too high (hyperkalemia) or too low (hypokalemia), and are usually caused by issues with the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, or mineralocorticoid levels. Symptoms range from muscle cramps to cardiac arrest.
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The document discusses various topics related to toxicology and poisoning including:
1) The importance of understanding the toxic mechanism of a poison is to know what vital functions will be affected, the potential severity of the case, and to help decide the appropriate course of action.
2) A classical example of a poison that can cause both systemic and local effects is sulfuric acid.
3) Types of hypoxia include hypoxic hypoxia, anemic hypoxic, cytotoxic hypoxia, and stagnant hypoxia.
4) A direct toxic mechanism includes the binding of the poison to cellular proteins or the inhibition of an enzyme.
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Dietary fiber is the edible parts of plants that are resistant to digestion. It is classified as soluble or insoluble. Soluble fiber forms a gel during digestion and slows digestion, which may help lower heart disease risk. Insoluble fiber adds bulk and helps food pass through the digestive system. Dietary fiber comes from plant cell walls and is composed of components like cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin. It has physiological effects like increasing stool bulk and transit time. Getting enough fiber is linked to reducing risks of conditions like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and colon cancer. Daily fiber needs are around 30 grams but more is recommended for conditions like diabetes. Foods high in fiber
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Anaemia, or anemia, is defined as an abnormally low number of red blood cells or level of hemoglobin resulting in diminished oxygen carrying capacity. It can result from blood loss, red blood cell destruction, or deficient red blood cell production due to nutritional deficiencies or bone marrow failure. Iron deficiency is a common worldwide cause of anemia affecting people of all ages, which can result from dietary deficiency, blood loss, or increased demands. The manifestations of iron deficiency anemia are related to impaired oxygen transport and include fatigue, paleness, rapid heartbeat, and reduced exercise endurance. Diagnosis involves low hemoglobin and iron levels, while treatment focuses on controlling blood loss, increasing iron intake, and administering iron supplements.
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Minerals play several important physiological roles in the human body. They are involved in growth and development, acting as components of tissues like bones, teeth, and muscles. Minerals also help regulate metabolic processes and are involved in generating energy. They contribute to maintaining homeostasis by regulating fluid balance, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure. Some minerals like calcium, potassium, and sodium also help maintain normal heart rhythm and nerve response. The major electrolytes in body fluids that help with these functions are sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, and others. Imbalances in electrolyte levels can disrupt fluid and acid-base balance.
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Description: Discover the best nutrients for a healthy heart. Inside this eBook, you will discover the topics about preventive steps to lower your risk of heart disease, role of nutrition in heart disease treatment, the natural remedy enhance heart health, vitamins for a healthy heart, nutritional supplements treating heart diseases, getting folic acid for heart disease and natural fat is good for the heart.
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Community pharmacists are well-positioned to provide patients with nutritional advice as they are often the first and most accessible healthcare professional encountered. While pharmacists should feel confident advising patients on nutrition basics based on scientific evidence, specific recommendations will vary depending on individual factors. When discussing nutrition, pharmacists can highlight foods' impacts on disease states, educate patients to reduce reliance on medications, and correct misinformation. Proper hydration and avoiding food-drug interactions are also important areas pharmacists can provide guidance on.
dietary supplements and their role in daily life.pptx
The document discusses dietary supplements, defining them as products intended to supplement the diet by providing nutrients like vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbs. It provides an overview of supplements, explaining that while they can help obtain essential nutrients, supplements should not replace a healthy diet and many claims of their benefits are unsupported. Regulations of supplements in the United States are limited, classifying them as foods rather than drugs and not verifying the accuracy of product labels.
What every vegan should know about b12
What every Vegan Should Know about B12
How to avoid B12 Deficiency and what foods can be used to prevent it.....
Men supplement
This document provides information on whether men need to take various supplements. It recommends that a daily multivitamin is generally sufficient to ensure nutritional needs are met, as long as a healthy, varied diet is consumed. Individual supplements are not necessary and may pose risks, with the exception of fish oil which has heart benefits when recommended intake through diet is not met. The document provides guidance on selecting a multivitamin and indicates most claims of supplements preventing diseases like cancer are not supported by evidence.
Mohamed Dahir Abdi.pptx
Food fortification involves adding nutrients to foods that naturally lack them. For pregnant women in developing countries, food fortification can help address common nutrient deficiencies and improve pregnancy outcomes. Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread in these populations, putting pregnant women at risk. While food fortification has been shown to effectively reduce deficiencies, evaluations of programs need stronger methodologies to fully assess impact on health. Improving program design, implementation, and using standardized evaluation methods can generate higher quality evidence of food fortification's effects.
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What community pharmacists_advise_patients_about_food_intake
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dietary supplements and their role in daily life.pptx
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More from fitango
Corneal Injury
Corneal injury describes an injury to the
cornea. The cornea is the crystal clear (transparent) tissue covering the front
of the eye. It works with the lens of the eye to focus images on the retina.
Viral Gastroenteritis
Have you ever had
the "stomach flu?" What you probably had was gastroenteritis - not a
type of flu at all. Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the lining of the
intestines caused by a virus, bacteria or parasites. Viral gastroenteritis is
the second most common illness in the U.S. It spreads through contaminated food
or water, and contact with an infected person. The best prevention is frequent
hand washing.
Symptoms of
gastroenteritis include diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, fever
and chills. Most people recover with no treatment.
The most common
problem with gastroenteritis is dehydration. This happens if you do not drink
enough fluids to replace what you lose through vomiting and diarrhea. Dehydration
is most common in babies, young children, the elderly and people with weak
immune systems.
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis is inflammation of the stomach and intestines caused by bacteria. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea and vomiting. Doctors diagnose it by examining patients for dehydration and testing stool samples. Treatment focuses on rehydration. Most cases resolve in a few days without antibiotics. It often occurs from eating contaminated food from improper handling or storage. Proper hygiene and food safety can help prevent bacterial gastroenteritis.
Medical solutions
Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. Effective treatment employs both medication and behavioral therapies tailored to the individual, with the goal of stopping drug use and supporting long-term recovery. Treatment approaches may include detoxification, individual/group counseling, therapeutic communities, and medications to ease withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse. Treatment is most successful when it addresses all aspects of an individual's life and continues over an extended period of time.
Addiction
Addiction results when a person ingests a
substance (alcohol, cocaine, or nicotine, for example) or repeatedly takes part
in an activity (gambling) that can be pleasurable, but the continued use of
which becomes compulsive and interferes with everyday life.
Common addictions include:
-- Alcohol abuse
-- Drug abuse
-- Exercise abuse
-- Pornography
-- Gambling
Classic symptoms of addiction include
impaired control over substances/behavior, preoccupation with
substance/behavior, continued use despite consequences, and denial. Behavior
patterns and habits associated with addiction are commonly characterized by the
pursuit of immediate gratification, coupled with negative long-term effects.
Physiological dependence results when the
body is unable to function normally in the absence of the substance or
behavior. This state produces the conditions of tolerance and withdrawl.
Tolerance is the result of the body
requiring larger volumes of the substance or stimulus in order to achieve the
original effects.
Withdrawal is the physical and
psychological symptoms experienced when the body no longer receives the
substance in the same quantities it has become reliant upon.
Cold Weather Safety
When winter temperatures drop significantly below normal, staying
warm and safe can become a challenge. Extremely cold temperatures
often accompany a winter storm, so you may have to cope with power failures and icy roads. Although staying indoors as much as possible can help reduce the risk of car crashes and falls on the ice, you may also face indoor hazards.
Many homes will be too cold—either due to a power failure or because the heating system isn't adequate for the weather. When people must use space heaters and fireplaces to stay warm, the risk of household fires increases, as well as the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Exposure to cold temperatures, whether indoors or outside, can cause other serious or life-threatening health problems. Infants and the elderly are particularly at risk, but anyone can be affected. To keep yourself and your family safe, you should know how to prevent cold-related health problems and what to do if a cold-weather health emergency arises. The emergency procedures outlined here are not a substitute for training in first aid. However, these procedures will help you to know when to seek medical care and what to do until help becomes available.
Stay safe while you work
Maintaining a healthy office environment requires attention to chemical hazards, equipment and work station design, physical environment (temperature, humidity, light, noise, ventilation, and space), task design, psychological factors (personal interactions, work pace, job control) and sometimes, chemical or other environmental exposures.
A well-designed office allows each employee to work comfortably without needing to over-reach, sit or stand too long, or use awkward postures (correct ergonomic design). Sometimes, equipment or furniture changes are the best solution to allow employees to work comfortably. On other occasions, the equipment may be satisfactory but the task could be redesigned. For example, studies have shown that those working at computers have less discomfort with short, hourly breaks.
Situations in offices that can lead to injury or illness range from physical hazards (such as cords across walkways, leaving low drawers open, objects falling from overhead) to task-related (speed or repetition, duration, job control, etc.), environmental (chemical or biological sources) or design-related hazards (such as nonadjustable furniture or equipment). Job stress that results when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities or resources of the worker may also result in illness.
Tobacco substitutes
When quitting smoking many people feel the need
for help in the form of a tobacco substitute. There are a wide variety of
different products billed as alternatives to smoking that are supposedly healthier.
The main additive in cigarettes that makes them so addictive is
nicotine. Hence most of the products that aim to replace smoking are nicotine
replacements such as nicotine gum, inhalers, patches and medications.
Other products are sold as smokeless tobacco such as snuff and hookah or as better because they are low yield cigarettes. Not all of these smoking substitutes are
healthy or even better than cigarettes.
Strategies
Tobacco use can lead to nicotine dependence and serious health problems. Cessation can significantly reduce the risk of suffering from smoking-related diseases. Tobacco dependence is a chronic condition that often requires repeated interventions, but effective treatments and helpful resources exist. Smokers can and do quit smoking. In fact, today there are more former smokers than current smokers.
Staying away
This document provides strategies for reducing alcohol consumption or abstaining from drinking. It suggests keeping track of alcohol intake, setting limits on drinking days and quantities, pacing drinks and having non-alcoholic drinks between alcoholic ones. Avoiding triggers for drinking and planning responses to resist social pressure are also recommended. Practicing refusal skills by role playing expected situations can help build confidence to say no to drink offers. The goal is for the reader to choose strategies that work for them and maintain control over their own drinking choices.
Relapse
Don't give up
Changing habits such as smoking, overeating, or drinking too much can take a lot of effort, and you may not succeed with the first try. Setbacks are common, but you learn more each time. Each try brings you closer to your goal. Whatever course you choose, give it a fair trial.
If one approach doesn't work, try something else. If a setback happens, get back on track as quickly as possible. In the long run, your chances for success are good.
Research shows that most heavy drinkers, even those with alcoholism, either cut back significantly or quit.
Withdrawal
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that people who have a history of alcoholism experience when they stop drinking. People who are casual drinkers rarely have withdrawal symptoms.
People who have gone through withdrawal before are more likely to have withdrawal symptoms each time they quit drinking.
Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal can range from severe to mild, and can include:
-- Insomnia
-- Nightmares
-- Irritability
-- Fatigue
-- Shakes
-- Sweats
-- Anxiety
-- Depression
-- Headaches
-- Decreased appetite
Severe withdrawal symptoms include fever, convulsions and delirium tremens (DTs). Those who experience DTs may become confused, anxious and even have hallucinations. DTs can be very serious if they are not treated by a doctor.
Preventative Health
Eat healthy
-- Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains every day.
-- Limit foods and drinks high in calories, sugar, salt, fat, and alcohol.
-- Eat a balanced diet to help keep a healthy weight.
--
Men ages 60+
Learn the Facts
When you get a preventive medical test,
you're not just doing it for yourself. You're doing it for your family and
loved ones:
-- Men are 24 percent less likely than women
to have visited a doctor within the past year and are 22 percent more likely to
have neglected their cholesterol tests.
-- Men are 28 percent more likely than women
to be hospitalized for congestive heart failure.
-- Men are 32 percent more likely than women
to be hospitalized for long-term complications of diabetes and are more than
twice as likely than women to have a leg or foot amputated due to complications
related to diabetes.
-- Men are 24 percent more likely than women
to be hospitalized for pneumonia that could have been prevented by getting an
immunization.
The single most important way you can take
care of yourself and those you love is to actively take part in your health
care. Educate yourself on health care and participate in decisions with your
doctor. This site will help you get started.
Men ages 35-60
Learn the Facts
When you get a preventive medical test, you're not just doing it for yourself. You're doing it for your family and loved ones:
-- Men are 24 percent less likely than women to have visited a doctor within the past year and are 22 percent more likely to have neglected their cholesterol tests.
-- Men are 28 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for congestive heart failure.
-- Men are 32 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for long-term complications of diabetes and are more than twice as likely than women to have a leg or foot amputated due to complications related to diabetes.
-- Men are 24 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for pneumonia that could have been prevented by getting an immunization.
The single most important way you can take care of yourself and those you love is to actively take part in your health care. Educate yourself on health care and participate in decisions with your doctor. This site will help you get started.
Men ages 18-35
When you get a preventive medical test, you're not just doing it for yourself. You're doing it for your family and loved ones:
Men are 24 percent less likely than women to have visited a doctor within the past year and are 22 percent more likely to have neglected their cholesterol tests.
Men are 28 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for congestive heart failure.
Men are 32 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for long-term complications of diabetes and are more than twice as likely than women to have a leg or foot amputated due to complications related to diabetes.
Men are 24 percent more likely than women to be hospitalized for pneumonia that could have been prevented by getting an immunization.
The single most important way you can take care of yourself and those you love is to actively take part in your health care. Educate yourself on health care and participate in decisions with your doctor. This site will help you get started.
Cancer Screening
The document provides information about various types of cancer screening tests for women. It discusses screening for breast cancer via mammogram, clinical breast exam, and breast self-exam. It also discusses screening for cervical cancer via Pap test and sometimes HPV test, as well as screening guidelines. The document notes there is no reliable screening for ovarian, uterine, vaginal or vulvar cancers but discusses risk factors and symptoms to watch for.
Safety
Injury is the #1 killer of children and teens in the United States. In 2009, more than 9,000 youth age 0-19 died from unintentional injuries in the United States. Millions more children suffer injuries requiring treatment in the emergency department. Leading causes of child injury include motor vehicle crashes, suffocation, drowning, poisoning, fires, and falls.1 Child injury is predictable and preventable. It is also among the most under-recognized public health problems facing our country today.
Progress has been made in preventing child injury. Child injury death rates have decreased 29% in the last decade.2 Yet injury is still the leading cause of death for children and teens. More can be done to keep our children safe.
Shiatsu
Shiatsu is a physical therapy that supports
and strengthens the body’s natural ability to heal and balance itself. It works
on the whole person - not just a physical body, but also a psychological,
emotional and spiritual being.
Shiatsu originated in Japan from traditional
Chinese medicine, with influences from more recent Western therapies. Although
shiatsu means ‘finger pressure’ in Japanese, in practise a practitioner uses
touch, comfortable pressure and manipulative techniques to adjust the body’s
physical structure and balance its energy flow. It is a deeply relaxing
experience and regular treatments can alleviate stress and illness and maintain
health and well-being.
More from fitango (20)
Mineral Supplements
- 2. 1 Overview Multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements contain a combination of vitamins and minerals, and sometimes other ingredients as well. They go by many names, including multis and multiples or
- 3. 2 Overview simply vitamins. The vitamins and minerals in MVMs have unique roles in the body. For more information about each one, see our dietary supplement fact sheets.
- 4. 3 MVM Supplements There are many types of MVMs in the marketplace. Manufacturers choose which vitamins, minerals, and other ingredients, as well as their amounts, to include in their products.
- 5. 4 MVM Supplements Among the most common MVMs are basic, once-daily products containing all or most vitamins and minerals, with the majority in amounts that are close to recommended amounts. Higher-potency MVMs often come in packs of two or more pills to take each day. Manufacturers
- 6. 5 MVM Supplements promote other MVMs for special purposes, such as better performance or energy, weight control, or improved immunity. These products usually contain herbal and other ingredients (such as echinacea and glucosamine) in addition to vitamins and minerals.
- 7. 6 MVM Supplements The recommended amounts of nutrients people should get vary by age and gender and are known as Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and Adequate Intakes (AIs). One value for each nutrient, known as the
- 8. 7 MVM Supplements Daily Value (DV), is selected for the labels of dietary supplements and foods. A DV is often, but not always, similar to one's RDA or AI for that nutrient. The label provides the %DV so that you can see how much (what percentage) a
- 9. 8 MVM Supplements serving of the product contributes to reaching the DV.
- 10. 9 MVN: Health Risks People take MVMs for many reasons. Here are some examples of what research has shown about using them to increase nutrient intakes, promote health, and reduce the risk of disease.
- 11. 10 MVN: Health Risks **Increase nutrient intakes** Taking an MVM increases nutrient intakes and helps people get the recommended amounts of vitamins and minerals when they cannot or do not meet these needs from food alone. But taking an MVM can also raise the chances of getting too
- 12. 11 MVN: Health Risks **Increase nutrient intakes** much of some nutrients, like iron, vitamin A, zinc, niacin, and folic acid, especially when a person uses more than a basic, once-daily product. Some people take an MVM as a form of dietary or nutritional "insurance." Ironically, people who take MVMs
- 13. 12 MVN: Health Risks **Increase nutrient intakes** tend to consume more vitamins and minerals from food than those who don't. Also, the people least likely to get enough nutrients from diet alone who might benefit from MVMs are the least likely to take them.
- 14. 13 MVN: Health Risks **Health promotion and chronic disease prevention** For people with certain health problems, specific MVMs might be helpful. For example, a study showed that a particular high- dose formula of several vitamins
- 15. 14 MVN: Health Risks **Health promotion and chronic disease and minerals slowed vision loss in some people with age-related macular degeneration. But most research shows that healthy people who take an MVM do not have a lower chance of getting any diseases, such as cancer, heart disease,
- 16. 15 MVN: Health Risks **Health promotion and chronic disease or diabetes. Based on current research, it's not possible to recommend for or against the use of MVMs to stay healthier longer. One reason we know so little about whether MVMs have health benefits is that studies often use different products, making
- 17. 16 MVN: Health Risks **Health promotion and chronic disease it hard to compare their results to find patterns. Many MVMs are available, and manufacturers can change their composition at will. It is therefore difficult for researchers to study whether a specific combination of vitamins and
- 18. 17 MVN: Health Risks **Health promotion and chronic disease minerals affects health. Also, people with healthier diets and lifestyles are more likely to take dietary supplements, making it hard to identify any benefits from the MVMs.