Mexico has a rich history dating back thousands of years, with early civilizations like the Olmec establishing cultural traditions. Major cities developed like Teotihuacan, Monte Alban, and Tula, home to the Toltecs. While indigenous religions were prevalent, Catholicism became dominant after the Spanish arrival. Mexico celebrates ancient traditions through festivals like Dia de los Muertos. The country has diverse geography from the Copper Canyon to volcanoes and reefs, and biodiversity with over 1,000 bird and 500 mammal species. Visitors can enjoy the culture but should be aware of safety issues related to drug cartel violence.