mental self

1. MENTAL
SELF

2. .
Cognition
The complex array of
mental process involved
in remembering,
perceiving, and thinking
an how these processes
employed ( Ashcraft
&Radvansky, 2010)
Memory
• Often linked to a
computer system
• Human memory is
limited within
specific conditions
• Can be corrupted by
various factors

3. 3 Levels Of Memory Functions
Sensory Memory
Level that allows
information from
external environment to
be perceived by an
individual thru the
senses, usually in the
form of chemical and
physical stimuli
Attention- a critical
factor in the transfer of
information from
sensory to short-term
memory.
Short term
memory
Information is
temporarily stored
10 to 15 seconds up
to one minute
Store up to 5-9
items
Long term memory
Permanent and allows
repeated retrievals
across situations
Information can be held
indefinitely
Coverage:
 Explicit and implicit
memory
 Declarative
procedural memory
 Episodic and
semantic memory

4. Intelligence
Individuals capacity for understanding , learning, planning and problem solving
with logic, creativity, and self- awareness.
According to Stenberg, intelligence is a mental activity directed toward purposive
adaptation to, selection and shaping of, real-world environment relevant to one’s
life.
Things to remember:
Individuals are born with innate intellectual ability harnessed in various context.
Intelligence is not confined to the academic context

5. Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence
Verbal
Linguistic
Ability to analyze
information and
produce output
that involves oral
and written
language
Logical-
mathematical
Ability to
understand and
answer
mathematical
equations
Visual-spatial
Ability to
analyze
graphical
information
Musical
Ability to
produce and
make meaning of
different types of
sounds

6. Continuation…….
Naturalistic
Ability to
identify and
distuinguish
aspects of the
natural world
Bodily-
kinesthetic
Ability to use
one’s body to
create product
or solve
problems
Interpersonal
Ability to be
sensitive of other
people’s thoughts
and emotions
Intrapersonal
Ability to self-
introspect

7. • .
Triarchic
Theory Of
Intelligence
Contextual(
Practical)
Being street smart,
ability to apply
knowledge to the
real world and shape
or choose an
environment
Experiential(
Creative)
Divergent thinking
and ability to deal
with novel situations
Componential
(Analytical)
Includes abstract
thinking and logical
reasoning, verbal and
mathematical skills

8. Fourteen Intelligent Behavior
1. Persistent
- not giving up when the answer to a problem is not immediately known.
2. Overcoming Impulsiveness
- involves planning, clarifying goals, exploring alternative strategies, and
considering consequences before one begins a task
3. Listening to others
- listening to another person and understanding their point of view is one
of the highest forms of intelligent behavior

9. 4. Flexibility in thinking
-one considers other point of view rather than running with the first
thought that comes to mind
5. Metacognition
-awareness of how one is thinking or the knowledge of what is going
on in one’s head
6. Checking for accuracy and precision
- it is the behavior of not letting speed surpass the desire for
craftsmanship

10. 7. Questioning and problem-posing
- asking questions and finding out problems for oneself
8. Applying past knowledge to new situations
- act of calling upon one’s store of knowledge and experience as
a source of data, theories or processes to solve each new challenge.
9. Precision of language and thought
- using descriptive terms to distuinguish objects, and provide
criteria for value judgement

11. 10. Using all the senses
- for solving problems
11. Creativity
- applying ingenuity, originality and insight.
12. Living with a sense of wonderment
- involved in this behavior are inquisitiveness, curiosity, and openness
to beauty, intricacy, complexity and simplicity

12. 13. Cooperation
- taking advantage of the knowledge and insights that can only come as a
result of social relationships
14. Sense of humor
-being able to look at situations, opportunities, problems and relationships
with nonchalance and fun.