An intellectual disability is defined by limitations in intellectual functioning (IQ below 70) and adaptive behaviors necessary for daily life. Signs of intellectual disability in children may include late development of skills like walking, talking difficulties, problems with potty training or self-care, and behavioral issues. Causes include genetic conditions, pregnancy/birth complications, illness/injury, or unknown factors. A study found that mentally retarded children who participated in yoga training 5 hours per week for an academic year showed significantly improved IQ and social adaptation over the control group.

2.  Someone with intellectual disability has
limitations in two areas. These areas are:
 Intellectual functioning.Also known as IQ,
this refers to a person’s ability to learn, reason,
make decisions, and solve problems.
 Adaptive behaviors. These are skills necessary
for day-to-day life, such as being able to
communicate effectively, interact with others,
and take care of oneself.

6.  Q (intelligence quotient) is measured by an IQ test.
The average IQ is 100, with the majority of people
scoring between 85 and 115. A person is
considered intellectually disabled if he or she has
an IQ of less than 70 to 7
 What are the signs of intellectual disability in
children?
 There are many different signs of intellectual
disability in children. Signs may appear during
infancy, or they may not be noticeable until a child
reaches school age. It often depends on the severity
of the disability. Some of the most common signs
of intellectual disability are:

7.  Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking
late
 Talking late or having trouble with talking
 Slow to master things like potty training,
dressing, and feeding himself or herself
 Difficulty remembering things
 Inability to connect actions with consequences
 Behavior problems such as explosive tantrums
 Difficulty with problem-solving or logical
thinking

8.  The most common causes of intellectual disability are:
 Genetic conditions. These include things like Down
syndrome and fragile X syndrome.
 Problems duringpregnancy. Things that can interfere with
fetal braindevelopment include alcohol or drug use, malnutrition,
certain infections, or preeclampsia.
 Problems during childbirth. Intellectual disability may result if a
baby is deprived of oxygen during childbirth or born extremely
premature.
 Illness or injury. Infections like meningitis, whooping cough, or
themeasles can lead to intellectual disability. Severe head injury,
near-drowning, extreme malnutrition, infections in the brain,
exposure to toxic substances such as lead, and severe neglect or
abuse can also cause it.
 None of the above. In two-thirds of all children who have
intellectual disability, the cause is unknown.

14.  The integrated approach of yoga: a therapeutic
tool for mentally retarded children: a one-year
controlled study.
Uma K, et al. J Ment Defic Res. 1989.
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15. 
Abstract
Ninety children with mental retardation of mild,
moderate and severe degree were selected from four
special schools in Bangalore, India. Forty-five children
underwent yogic training for one academic year (5 h in
every week) with an integrated set of yogic practices,
including breathing exercises and pranayama,
sithilikarana vyayama (loosening exercises),
suryanamaskar, yogasanas and meditation. They were
compared before and after yogic training with a control
group of 45 mentally retarded children matched for
chronological age, sex, IQ, socio-economic status and
socio environmental background

16.  who were not exposed to yoga training but
continued their usual school routine during
that period. There was highly significant
improvement in the IQ and social adaptation
parameters in the yoga group as compared to
the control group. This study shows the
efficacy of yoga as an effective therapeutic tool
in the management of mentally retarded
children.