Mennons and MacGillivray: Scotland and the North American Frontier, 1790-1795
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This document discusses the dissemination of news about the North American frontier in Scottish newspapers between 1790-1795. It focuses on John Mennons, the printer and editor of the Glasgow Advertiser, and Alexander MacGillivray, a Creek leader. The summary traces how stories about the frontier originating in American newspapers made their way indirectly to Scottish papers via reprinting in London papers, with minimal changes to the text. It concludes that tracing these pathways provides insight into who was writing, revising and curating frontier news at different points along the route.
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Mennons and MacGillivray: Scotland and the North American Frontier, 1790-1795
- 1. Mennons and MacGillivray Scotland and the North American Frontier 1790-1795 Melodee Beals Sheffield Hallam University @mhbeals
- 2. Reprints in the 18th Century Minimal Copyright Law Across the Atlantic Limited Correspondence Networks Manual Transmission of News Content Accepted, Appreciated, Encouraged
- 3. Anonymity... Structure of the Printing Trade Brainy Working-Class Boys Patronage and Formal Correspondence Local Gossip and Personal Correspondence The By-Line a post-1850 Convention Limited, Even (Especially) by Public Figures Latinised Pseudonyms For Commentary News Largely Detached from Authorship Assured, but Anonymous, Authority
- 4. ...and Historiography "Killer Quotations" Conflation of Editor, Author, and Location Limited Time and Resources Local Archives and Digital Archives
- 5. Tracing Dissemination Manual Keyword Searching Multiple Terms Multiple Databases Usual Suspects and Textual Clues Plagiarism Detection Software nGram and Edition Tracking
- 7. John Mennons Briefly Worked for Edinburgh Courant Married into a Respectable Glaswegian Family Printer and Newspaper Editor in Glasgow Sold Newspaper and Purchased Coal Field (Obstinately) Retained Business Records Coal Business Failed Returned to Newspaper Printing
- 8. The Glasgow Advertiser Founded 27 January 1783 First Major Story was the Peace with France Weekly, 4-Page Publication Printed on Used Press (£200) Edited by Mennons and son, John Sold interest in 1802, 1805 Respectively Relied Heavily Upon London News and Trongate Gossip
- 9. Alexander MacGillivray 15 December 1750 – 17 February 1793 Son of Trader Lachlan MacGillivray Raised by Mother, Franco-Creek of High Birth Education in Charleston and Augusta Apprenticed as a Merchant in Savannah Principal Chief of Upper Creek 1782-1793 Plantation Owner with Slaves Diplomat (1790, Treaty of New York) Repudiated Treaty with US in 1792 Received Pensions from US and Spain
- 10. Glasgow Advertiser, 12 July 1790
- 11. Public Advertiser, 15 July 1790
- 12. Edinburgh Advertiser, 20 July 1790
- 13. Gentleman's Magazine And Historical Chronicle, July 1790
- 14. Effect of the Pathway Very Limited Changes to Text All Derived from London, 9 July 1790 Scottish Connection Unlikely
- 15. Glasgow Advertiser, 25 June 1792
- 16. London Lloyd Evening Post, 20 June 1792
- 17. Evening Mail , 22 June 1792
- 18. Glasgow Advertiser, 25 June 1792
- 19. Effect of the Pathway How Important was MacGillivray? First Mention of Him in Two Years Rumours of His Death... Larger Curation of American News Not Taken, Despite Having Subscription to Evening Mail
- 20. The Harmar Campaign Northwest Territories, Autumn 1790 Plan By St. Clair and Harmar Force Comprised of Regular Officers, Calvary and Kentucky Militia Hardin's in Humiliating Defeat Most Commanders Die Harmar and Hardin Attempt to Save Reputations Heightens Anti-Indian and Anti-Officer Sentiment in Kentucky
- 21. Glasgow Advertiser, 21 February 1791
- 22. London Star, 17 February 1791
- 23. Evening Mail ,14 February 1791
- 24. From Whence? Look for Minor Changes at Start and End: "dated November 5, 6, and 7" v. "dated Nov. 7" "expectation" v. "impatience" "whole truth of the matter" v. "further particulars"
- 25. Virginia Gazette and Alexandria Advertiser, 9 December 1790
- 26. From Whence? Many Versions of this Story Related News Immediately Lost, Offers No Clues Look to Para-textual Material A Stabbing in Honduras
- 27. Glasgow Advertiser, 21 February 1791
- 28. New-Hampshire Spy, 12 February 1790
- 29. New-Hampshire Spy, 1 January 1790
- 30. The Pathway Both Appear in 'New York Press' Not in Same Digitised Newspapers Both Appear in New-Hampshire Spy Not Exactly Same Language Both Appear in Evening Mail Identical Typography and Placement
- 31. Effects of the Pathway Advertiser Continues Reliance on London London not Reliant on Major US Cities London Language Shapes Glasgow Version Yet...
- 32. Glasgow Advertiser, 18 July 1791
- 33. Norwich Packet, 14 January 1791
- 34. Gentleman's Magazine And Historical Chronicle, 1 July 1791
- 35. Authenticity of Material The Advertiser Rarely Makes Any Changes to London Text London Newspaper Rarely Make Significant Change to American Texts Lazy and Laudable?
- 36. Pre-Curation of Content News From Many Different Sources Compiled at Every Node Neither Pages nor Sections Taken Whole Smaller Sub-Sets Taken or Re-curated
- 37. The Wider Frontier Discourse Representative Taken from Ambiguous London Press Largely 'American' Authorship Outlier Significant Named Figures Attempts to 'Finish Stories' Glasgow and Edinburgh Shared Stories
- 38. Conclusion Tracing of Dissemination Pathways Allows for a Better Understanding of Who was Writing, Revising, Curating, and Omitting Knowledge about Frontier Life It Also Suggests Physical Pathways between Major and Minor Cities beyond Postal and Major Trade Routes
- 39. Mennons and MacGillivray Scotland and the North American Frontier 1790-1795 Melodee Beals Sheffield Hallam University @mhbeals