Help Them Try Harder: Integrating the Digital into Historical Thinking
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A Discussion of Digital Methodologies and Theory in History Modules. Presented at the University of Warwick at the invitation of IATL, 19 November 2014.
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However, mass digitisation of these periodicals, in both photographic and machine-readable form, offers historians a new opportunity to rediscover the mechanics of nineteenth-century reprinting. By undertaking multi-modal and multi-scale analyses of digitised periodicals, we can begin to reconstruct the precise journeys these texts took from their first appearance to their multiple ends. Moreover, by repurposing individual ‘boutique’ research outputs within large-scale textual analyses, we can greatly enhance the resolution of our computer-aided conclusions and bridge the gaps between commercial, state and private databases.
This paper will explore the possibilities of large-scale reprint identification, using out-of-the-box and project-specific software, within and across digitised collections. Second, it will demonstrate the means by which reprint directionality and branching can be achieved and the relative precision of manual and computer-aided techniques. Finally, it will explore the nature of multi-scale analysis and how we might best reintegrate ‘boutique’ periodical research into large-scale text-mining projects.
Lies, Damned Lies and Statistics: History and the Impact Agenda
This document discusses the impact agenda in history and issues with altmetrics. It notes that historians define impact as partnerships with museums, commentary opportunities, documentaries, online exhibits, work with schools and heritage sectors, policy consultancy, and popular books. However, altmetrics are far lower for history articles and do not fully capture traditional impact. Altmetrics also overrepresent author involvement and underrepresent monographs. The document argues that good impact should be purposeful through citation, word-of-mouth, curation, and helping to share research. Impact includes academic allusions, appearances in media, influence on heritage and public history, and Wikipedia citations. Qualitative assessment is important over just statistics.
Slow Down: Teaching Students to Encode their Close Reading
A workshop held at the Teaching History in Higher Education Conference, hosted by the Institute of Historical Research and supported by the Royal Historical Society, 8 September 2015. (ORCID: 0000-0002-2907-3313)
Promoting Peer-to-Peer Teaching, On and Offline
A Presentation and Workshop given at the History New-to-Teaching Workshop, hosted by the Institute of Historical Research and supported by the Royal Historical Society, 7 September 2015
Evolutionary Plagiarism: Tracing Dissemination Pathways in 19th-Century Reprints
A paper given at the University of Lancaster, 4 December 2014.
In the late-Georgian period, Scotland witnesses exponential growth in its newspaper industry. From a handful of eighteenth-century periodicals, the press expanded rapidly into the industrial and market towns of Scotland, hoping to supply a growing demand for international, domestic and local news and human interest stories. One of many avenues for procuring this content was the expanding press of North America. Owing to limited, ambiguous and unenforceable copyright legislation on both continents, a culture of reprinting allowed a rich tapestry of North American life to be woven in the British public consciousness. This repurposing, however, was far from transparent in its dissemination or evolution. In the absence of robust business or personal records detailing the selection and framing of such content in various locations, linguistic analysis of these reprinted texts can provide intriguing insights into the rationales behind reprinting, repurposing and recompiling descriptions of North America throughout the Anglophone world. This paper will discuss the opportunities and difficulties of reprint analyses of late-Georgian newspapers and present a number of case studies for the development of computer-aided methodologies in tracing dissemination pathways.
Mennons and MacGillivray: Scotland and the North American Frontier, 1790-1795
This document discusses the dissemination of news about the North American frontier in Scottish newspapers between 1790-1795. It focuses on John Mennons, the printer and editor of the Glasgow Advertiser, and Alexander MacGillivray, a Creek leader. The summary traces how stories about the frontier originating in American newspapers made their way indirectly to Scottish papers via reprinting in London papers, with minimal changes to the text. It concludes that tracing these pathways provides insight into who was writing, revising and curating frontier news at different points along the route.
Crisitunity!
The document discusses digital humanities and educational technology (EdTech). Digital humanities involves using technology to develop new methodologies for examining how digital influences perceptions and interactions with humanities. EdTech refers to technology used in teaching. The document provides examples of how EdTech tools can be used for Canaries, such as accessing and revising teaching content, and for African Swallows, such as peer-to-peer learning through social media and developing employability skills. It also discusses teaching digital archive theory and practice skills like corpus linguistics, GIS, and data visualization, as well as integrating research-led pedagogy using digital tools.
Hunt or Gather, Share or Steal: Scottish News Networks, 1790-1840
Between 1783 and 1840, the number of newspapers published in Scotland grew tenfold and spread far beyond the key port towns of Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Aberdeen into market towns and centres throughout the region. Although these provincial newspapers remained weekly or bi-weekly publications throughout the period, they still required a significant amount of international reportage to fill their four to eight pages. This material was shamelessly, and often haphazardly, gleaned from international periodicals in the form of scissors-and-paste reprints. Through these half-hearted shortcuts, we can develop a significant understanding of newspaper networks before the rise of international telegraphy and the slow decline of the scissors-and-paste system.
Utilising highly detailed transcriptions of newspaper content from Scotland, England and the wider Anglophone world, this paper will trace key dissemination pathways of news content from its origin in various British colonies and the United States, through its many reprints, abridgments, summaries and commentaries, to the pages of Scottish periodical press. By mapping the shape and directionality of these network connections, a greater understanding of news dissemination and editorial links can be achieved. These networks can then form the statistical basis of further qualitative studies into the spread of ideas or interpersonal connections.
The paper, developed and expanded from an initial proposal presented at ESSHC 2014, will demonstrate how, through a combination of traditional close reading, ‘big data’ edition tracking, and social network analysis, Georgian news networks, including periodicals with extremely short runs and no contextual records, can be significantly mapped and the quantitative influence of key hubs can be preliminarily determined. It will explore the relative value of manual and computer-assisted transcriptions at different stages of the project, the feasibility of training historians in high-level programming languages such as Python, the nature of the resulting network data and its interoperability with mathematical and sociology research, and the possibilities for wider dissemination and collective reuse of transcription data. Finally, the piece will demonstrate, through select case studies, how basic quantitative data regarding network dissemination pathways can fundamentally alter our interpretation of the purpose of miscellany material in Scotland’s provincial press.
Mapping Implicit Processes: Extracting Social Networks from Digital Corpora
This document discusses extracting social networks from digital corpora to understand the dissemination of information. It covers identifying reprints and memes at scale using digitized newspapers. Methods include keyword searching, n-gram matching, and edition tracking. Understanding dissemination pathways involves identifying memes, modeling chronological spread, and constructing genealogical models. Both manual and computer-aided approaches are discussed, with future plans involving developing a computer program and directional social network database to better model relatedness factors and inform additional research.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 4
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Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
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Help Them Try Harder: Integrating the Digital into Historical Thinking
- 1. M. H. Beals Sheffield Hallam University @mhbeals DOWNLOAD SLIDES ABOUT ME
- 2. A PHILOSOPHY
- 3. AN OVERVIEW Digital Pathways to Close Reading Digital Pathways to Big Data Incorporating Theories of the Digital into Historical Teaching
- 4. CLOSE READING 1.0 • Reading the Text • Reading Around the Topic • Who, What, When, Where and Why • Bias
- 5. CLOSE READING 2.0 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <text> ALICE, THE NEGRO. The following Account is copied from the Salopian Journal of Dec. 15, 1802. LATELY died, at Bristol, in Pennsylvania, a female slave, named ALICE, aged 116 years. She was born in Philadelphia, of parents who came from Barbadoes, and lived in that city until she was ten years old, when her master removed her to Dunk's Ferry; in which neighbourhood she continued to the end of her days. She remembers the ground on which Philadelphia stands, when it was a wilderness, and when the Indians (its chief inhabitants) hunted wild game in the woods, while the panther, the wolf, and the beast of the forest, were prowling about the wigwams and cabins in which they lived. </text>
- 6. CLOSE READING 2.5 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <text> ALICE, THE NEGRO. The following Account is copied from the <attribution pub="Salopian Journal" pub_city="Shrewsbury" pub_country="United Kingdom">Salopian Journal</attribution> of Dec. 15, 1802. LATELY died, at <location coordinates="40°06′12″N 74°51′05″W" url="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bristol%2C_Pennsylvania& params=40_06_12_N_74_51_05_W_type:city%289726%29_region:US-PA"> Bristol, in Pennsylvania,</location> a female slave, named <individual name="Alice" born="1686" died="1802">ALICE</individual>, aged 116 years. She was born in <location coordinates="39°57′N 75°10′W" url="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php ?pagename=Philadelphia¶ms=39_57_N_75_10_W_type:city%281553165%29_region:US-PA"> Philadelphia</location>, of parents who came from Barbadoes, and lived in that city until she was ten years old, when her master removed her to Dunk's Ferry; in which neighbourhood she continued to the end of her days. <claim validity="unclear" reason="born 4 years after founding">She remembers the ground on which Philadelphia stands, when it was a wilderness, and when the Indians(its chief inhabitants) hunted wild game in the woods, while the panther, the wolf, and the beast of the forest, were prowling about the wigwams and cabins in which they lived.</claim> </text>
- 8. DISTANT READING • Linguistic Trends • Topic Modelling • Sentiment Analysis • Publication Trends • Reprint / Edition Tracking • Digital Collaboration • Integration of Close Reading
- 10. DISTANT READING
- 11. DIGITAL THEORY To What Extent Does Digitisation and Digitally Native Content Effect Our Sources and Our Role as Historians?
- 12. DIGITIZED ARCHIVES • A Digital Version of a Traditional Space • A Different but Recognisable Experience • In-Built Authority and Credibility • Questions Raised: • Materiality • Curation • Malleability
- 13. DIGITISED MATERIAL •Loss of Curation Autonomy • Digitisation Choices • Paywalls •Software Limitations •Digital Dependencies •Temptation for Footnote Tableaus
- 14. DIGITAL ARCHIVES • Exists in Myriad Forms • Narrative Curation • Non-Linear Curation • Interactive Data Sets • Raises Questions of • Authority • Authenticity • Versionality • Ephemerality
- 15. DIGITAL MATERIAL • Google is not a Research Assistant • Hidden & Inconstant Algorithms • Herd Mentality Reshapes Focus • Unclear Distinction Between • Information Gathering • Data Processing • Scholarly Analysis Image http://edtechdigest.wordpress.com/2013/11/18/trends-cartoon-ron-morgan/
- 16. CONCLUSION Lessons You Learn from Digital History and Digital Methods Training You Are Not Replaceable You Are Not Alone
- 17. CONCLUSION Lessons Students Learn from Digital History and Digital Methods Training Take Pride in Your Work Don’t Be Afraid to Re-Purpose Try Harder Seriously, Try Harder
- 18. BROUGHT TO YOU BY Good Will And Faerie Dust SLIDES ABOUT ME All Slides Use CC0 or CC-BY Images and Are Released Under The CC-BY 4.0 Licence